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Business and Economics > Finance: General

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  • Type: Journal Issue x
  • Particular Labor Markets: General x
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Cover Staff Discussion Notes
Designing Labor Market Institutions in Emerging and Developing Economies: Evidence and Policy Options
Mr. Romain A Duval
and
Mr. Prakash Loungani
This paper discusses theoretical aspects and evidences related to designing labor market institutions in emerging market and developing economies. This note reviews the state of theory and evidence on the design of labor market institutions in a developing economy context and then reviews its consistency with actual labor market advice in a selected set of emerging and developing economies. The focus is mainly on three broad sets of institutions that matter for both workers’ protection and labor market efficiency: employment protection, unemployment insurance and social assistance, minimum wages and collective bargaining. Text mining techniques are used to identify IMF recommendations in these areas in Article IV Reports for 30 emerging and frontier economies over 2005–2016. This note has provided a critical review of the literature on the design of labor market institutions in emerging and developing market economies, and benchmarked the advice featured in IMF recommendations for 30 emerging market and frontier economies against the tentative conclusions from the literature.
Keywords:
SDN; collective bargaining; unemployment insurance; severance pay; developing economy; UI system; Labor Market Institutions; Employment Protection; Unemployment Benefits; Social Assistance; Cash Transfers; Minimum Wage; monopsony power; firm level; income group; Emerging and frontier financial markets; Minimum wages; Labor markets; Africa; risk pooling; wage inequality
Cover Staff Discussion Notes
Work In Progress: Improving Youth Labor Market Outcomes in Emerging Market and Developing Economies
Mr. JaeBin Ahn
,
Zidong An
,
Mr. John C Bluedorn
,
Gabriele Ciminelli
,
Zsoka Koczan
,
Mr. Davide Malacrino
,
Daniela Muhaj
, and
Patricia Neidlinger
Economic development and growth depend on a country’s young people. With most of their working life ahead of them they make up about a third of the working-age population in the typical emerging market and developing economy. But the youth in these economies face a daunting labor market—about 20 percent of them are neither employed, in school, nor in training (the youth inactivity rate). This is double the share in the average advanced economy. Were nothing else to change, bringing youth inactivity in these economies down to what it is in advanced economies and getting those inactive young people into new jobs would have a striking effect. The working-age employment rate in the average emerging market and developing economy would rise more than 3 percentage points, and real output would get a 5 percent boost.
Keywords:
SDN; developing economy; youth labor market prospect; product market; employment rate; economies fall; labor market flexibility; protection legislation; youth labor markets; emerging market and developing economies; Okun’s law; labor and product market institutions; structural reforms; youth employment; labor market outcome; formality rise; labor market characteristic; labor market challenge; job formality; youth labor market outcome; job quality; job prospect; Emerging and frontier financial markets; Employment; Labor markets; Minimum wages; Women; Central Asia; Sub-Saharan Africa; East Asia; South Asia