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Business and Economics > Finance: General

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  • Type: Journal Issue x
  • Congo, Democratic Republic of the x
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Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Democratic Republic of the Congo: 2024 Article IV Consultation, Sixth Review Under the Extended Credit Facility Arrangement, Request for a Waiver of Nonobservance of Quantitative Performance Criterion, and Financing Assurances Review-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for Democratic Republic of the Congo
International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
This paper presents Democratic Republic of the Congo’s 2024 Article IV Consultation, Sixth Review under the Extended Credit Facility (ECF) Arrangement, Request for a Waiver of Nonobservance of Quantitative Performance Criterion, and Financing Assurances Review. The Democratic Republic of the Congo has made significant progress under the ECF arrangement, although performance during the sixth review has been constrained by the persistent security and humanitarian crises, fiscal slippage, and ongoing inflationary pressures. The domestic fiscal deficit for 2024 is projected to narrow compared to 2023, as higher mining revenue would help ease pressures from higher security spending and investment. Performance under the program has been generally positive, with most quantitative targets met and key reforms implemented, albeit at a slow pace. The economic outlook remains positive but is subject to substantial downside risks. This calls for continued prudent policies and increasing reform efforts in fiscal and monetary frameworks and in governance.
Keywords:
STX EM; EM support; Congolese authorities; reform agenda; LTX mission; Fiscal stance; Global; Africa; Middle East; Sub-Saharan Africa
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Democratic Republic of the Congo: Fourth Review Under the Extended Credit Facility, Request for Modification of Quantitative Performance Criterion, and Financing Assurances Review-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for the Democratic Republic of the Congo
International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
This paper presents Democratic Republic of the Congo’s Fourth Review under the Extended Credit Facility, Request for Modification of Quantitative Performance Criterion, and Financing Assurances Review. Ongoing macroeconomic pressures and looming risks call for prudent fiscal policy to preserve fiscal sustainability and macroeconomic stability, supported by tighter monetary policy to reduce inflationary pressures. The program remains focused on fiscal consolidation through mobilizing domestic revenue, curbing nonpriority spending and enhancing spending efficiency; building reserves buffers and capacity for policy formulation; and strengthening governance. The fiscal deficit is expected to narrow in 2023, which will support monetary policy in curbing inflation. Reforms to strengthen the rule of law and the judiciary system, curb corruption, and improve transparency in the mining sector and public finances are critical to improve the business climate for private investment and economic diversification.
Keywords:
Congolese authorities; ECF arrangement; expenditure measure; inflation pressure; development spending; Policy discussion; revenue performance; Global
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Democratic Republic of the Congo: Technical Assistance Report-Financial Sector Stability Review
International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department
In response to a request from the Central Bank of the Congo (BCC), the Monetary and Capital Markets Department of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) conducted a Financial Sector Stability Review (FSSR) mission virtually, during January 5–28, 2022. The FSSR performed a diagnostic of the financial system, reviewed progress in implementing previous IMF technical assistance (TA) recommendations, and developed a draft Technical Assistance Roadmap to help strengthen the BCC’s capacity in the areas covered by the FSSR. The FSSR also for the first-time covered gender inclusion in financial supervision. It identified five macrofinancial vulnerabilities pertaining to: (i) the quality of the banking system’s capital base; (ii) the difficulty in evaluating nonperforming loans following the COVID 19 financial support measures; (iii) risks related to financial dollarization; (iv) the impact on correspondent banking relationships of “de-risking”; and (v) intragroup exposures, as bank subsidiaries in the DRC place surplus funds with parent companies abroad. The BCC’s adoption of COVID-19 exit measures in December 2021, including specific reporting requirements, should provide momentum for additional TA in the near term to help the BCC analyze banks’ asset quality going forward.
Keywords:
bank stress tests; bank funding; IMF resident representative; draft banking law; bank resolution function; Financial sector stability; Stress testing; Bank supervision; Bank resolution framework; Central Africa; Africa; Maghreb; Global
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Democratic Republic of the Congo: Selected Issues
International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Selected Issues
Keywords:
carbon sinks; E. policy recommendation; trade union confederation; Democratic Republic of the Congo workforce; E. climate policy step; macro indicator; Climate change; Greenhouse gas emissions; Natural disasters; Mobile banking; Financial inclusion; Global; Sub-Saharan Africa
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Democratic Republic of the Congo: Selected Issues
International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
This Selected Issues paper on the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) focuses on building resilience and exploring opportunities from climate change. Addressing the challenges associated with climate change in the DRC requires a good understanding of its exposure to climate vulnerabilities as well as the bottlenecks in scaling up climate policies to achieve its nationally determined contribution. At the same time, the global efforts to develop low-carbon technology and conserve carbon sinks put the DRC in a good position with substantial long-term benefit for the country. Hence, the country would benefit from focused efforts in strengthening forest and mining managements, while building resilience to climate change. Current logging policies have failed to prevent deforestation in the DRC. The DRC presents itself as a solution country for the diffusion of carbon-reduction technology. The advent of metals critical for the energy transition could strengthen the impact of global commodity cycles on external sector.
Keywords:
carbon sinks; E. policy recommendation; trade union confederation; Democratic Republic of the Congo workforce; E. climate policy step; macro indicator; Climate change; Greenhouse gas emissions; Natural disasters; Mobile banking; Financial inclusion; Global; Sub-Saharan Africa
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Democratic Republic of the Congo: Staff Report for the 2022 Article IV Consultation, Second Review Under the Extended Credit Facility Arrangement, Request for Modifications of Performance Criteria, and Financing Assurances Review-Press Release; Staff Report, and Statement by the Executive Director for the Democratic Republic of the Congo
International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
This paper highlights Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) the 2022 Article IV Consultation, Second Review under the Extended Credit Facility (ECF) Arrangement, Request for Modification of Performance Criteria, and Financing Assurances Review. The DRC’s macroeconomic environment has improved since the last Article IV consultation in 2019. The authorities have adopted prudent macroeconomic policies, most visibly by halting central bank financing to the government. Strengthening the monetary and exchange rate policy frameworks will support price stability and external sustainability. Continued efforts to accumulate reserves buffers while enhancing the role of the exchange rate as a shock absorber are paramount to build resilience to external shocks. Advancing structural reforms and strengthening policy frameworks, including in natural wealth management, are key to promoting higher and sustainable inclusive growth, as the global energy transition provides an opportunity for development. Scaling up structural reforms remains critical to promote inclusive growth, including those enhancing governance and enhancing the business climate—both key to support investment, private sector development, economic diversification, and competitiveness.
Keywords:
Congolese authorities; BCC law; inflation well; governance framework; financing assurances REVIEW-INFORMATIONAL annex; headline inflation; Fiscal stance; Global; Africa; Credit
Cover Finance & Development
Finance and Development, December 2021
International Monetary Fund. Communications Department
Finance and Development, December 2021
Keywords:
vaccine hesitancy; vaccination rate; pandemic preparedness; HPV vaccine; pandemic policy; COVID-19; Health care; Communicable diseases; Global; Africa; Sub-Saharan Africa; Central America; North America
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Democratic Republic of the Congo: Request for a Three-Year Arrangement Under the Extended Credit Facility; Review of Performance Under the Staff Monitored Program-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for the Democratic Republic of Congo
International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) is a fragile state and vulnerable to recurrent shocks. Relations with the Fund have been quite active since early 2019, with a Staff Monitored Program (SMP) coupled with a Rapid Credit Facility (RCF) disbursement in December 2019 and a second RCF disbursement in April 2020 to respond to the COVID-19 crisis. Economic activity decelerated sharply in 2020 because of the crisis and reserves decreased to less than two weeks of imports. President Tshisekedi requested a three-year Extended Credit Facility (ECF) arrangement to support his medium-term reform program.
Keywords:
ECF arrangement; DRC government; DRC authorities; government transfer; COVID support measure; Arrears; Global; Africa; BCC Law; RCF commitments summary; staff appraisal; Mining sector
Cover IMF Research Perspectives
IMF Research Perspectives: Spring/Summer 2021
International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.
IMF Research Perspectives: Spring/Summer 2021
Keywords:
IMF research perspective; government spending multiplier; R&D effort; IMF CSF; central bank financing; COVID-19; Bank credit; Fiscal stance; Global; Sub-Saharan Africa; Europe; Africa
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Democratic Republic of the Congo: Request for a Three-Year Arrangement Under the Extended Credit Facility; Review of Performance Under the Staff Monitored Program-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for the Democratic Republic of Congo
International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) is a fragile state and vulnerable to recurrent shocks. Relations with the Fund have been quite active since early 2019, with a Staff Monitored Program (SMP) coupled with a Rapid Credit Facility (RCF) disbursement in December 2019 and a second RCF disbursement in April 2020 to respond to the COVID-19 crisis. Economic activity decelerated sharply in 2020 because of the crisis and reserves decreased to less than two weeks of imports. President Tshisekedi requested a three-year Extended Credit Facility (ECF) arrangement to support his medium-term reform program.
Keywords:
ECF arrangement; DRC government; DRC authorities; government transfer; COVID support measure; Arrears; Global; Africa; BCC Law; RCF commitments summary; staff appraisal; Mining sector