Business and Economics > Budgeting

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Lorena Rivero del Paso
,
Sailendra Pattanayak
,
Gerardo Uña
, and
Hervé Tourpe
The Digital Solutions Guidelines for Public Financial Management (Guidelines) are intended to serve as a comprehensive reference material for the assessment, design, and improvement of digital initiatives in the public financial management (PFM) area. To support the digital transformation of PFM functions, the Guidelines are structured around three Pillars – Functional, IT Architectural, and Governance and Management. Each pillar comprises six principles, which are further broken down into one to four attributes to promote more efficient and transparent PFM operations while fostering innovation and managing digital risks. These Guidelines also allow a graduated approach to digital transformation of PFM through three levels of maturity for each Attribute – foundational, intermediate, and advanced – to help take into account country-specific contexts and capacities in digital transformation strategies.
Victor Duarte Lledo
and
Mr. Marcos Poplawski Ribeiro
This paper investigates economic, political, and institutional constraints to fiscal policy implementation in sub-saharan Africa. We find that planned fiscal adjustments or expansions are less likely to be implemented the larger they are, the more inaccurate the growth forecasts they are based on, the more fragile the regulatory system in the country, and the weaker the institutions framing the design, approval, and execution of the budget. The findings support ongoing efforts in the region to improve the quality and timeliness of economic data; enhance forecasting capacity; adopt realistic fiscal plans; and strengthen governance, budgetary institutions, and public financial management procedures.
International Monetary Fund. African Dept.

Abstract

Tout porte à croire que le ralentissement économique en Afrique subsaharienne aura heureusement été de courte durée. La reprise est en cours dans toute la région. La relative capacité de résistance de la région lors de cette récession mondiale, qui distingue le dernier ralentissement en date des cycles précédents, réside dans le fait que la plupart des pays de la région ont abordé la crise dans de meilleures conditions sur le plan macroéconomique. Les politiques macroéconomiques anticycliques ont joué un rôle important : près des deux tiers des pays qui ont connu un ralentissement en 2009 ont été en mesure d'accroître leurs dépenses publiques pour soutenir l'activité économique. Toutefois, la réalisation des objectifs du millénaire pour le développement a été freinée. Les pays à revenu intermédiaire et les pays exportateurs de pétrole ont été touchés particulièrement durement par l'effondrement du commerce international et des marchés des produits de base ; les pays à faible revenu de la région ont relativement peu souffert. Désormais, dans la plupart des pays d'Afrique subsaharienne, les politiques budgétaires doivent privilégier les objectifs à moyen terme, les marges de manœuvre des politiques macroéconomiques doivent être reconstituées, les systèmes financiers doivent être renforcés. Document publié deux fois par an, en mai et en octobre.

International Monetary Fund. African Dept.

Abstract

The economic slowdown in sub-Saharan Africa looks set to be mercifully brief. Recovery is now under way across the region. The region's relative resilience during this global recession, compared with previous global downturns, owes much to the health of its economies and the strengthening of policy frameworks in the run-up to the crisis. Countercyclical macroeconomic policies played an important role, with nearly two-thirds of sub-Saharan Africa countries experiencing a slowdown in 2009 increasing government spending to buttress economic activity. However, progress toward the Millennium Development Goals receded. Middle-income and oil-exporting countries were hit hardest by the collapse in world trade and commodity markets; the region's low-income countries escaped fairly lightly. Looking ahead, fiscal policies in sub-Saharan Africa generally need to be refocused toward medium-term objectives, macroeconomic policy buffers rebuilt, and financial systems strengthened.

Sophia Gollwitzer
,
Eteri Kvintradze
,
Mr. Tej Prakash
,
Luis-Felipe Zanna
,
Ms. Era Dabla-Norris
,
Mr. Richard I Allen
,
Irene Yackovlev
, and
Victor Duarte Lledo
This paper presents, for the first time, multi-dimensional indices of the quality of budget institutions in low-income countries. The indices allow for benchmarking against the performance of middle-income countries, across regions, and according to different institutional arrangements that deliver good fiscal performance. Using the constructed indices, the paper provides preliminary empirical support for the hypotheses that strong budget institutions help improve fiscal balances and public external debt outcomes; and countries with stronger fiscal institutions have better scope to conduct countercyclical policies.
Ezequiel Cabezon
and
Mr. Tej Prakash
This paper examines, in a formal econometric framework, the linkages between public financial management and fiscal outcomes in sub-Saharan African countries. Similar analyses have been done for Latin America, Europe, and the United States, but none in the context of low-income countries. Using public financial management indicators, as measured in two recent assessments related to the Heavily-Indebted Poor Countries Initiative, this study shows that improving public financial management leads to better fiscal outcomes, as measured by the overall fiscal balance and external debt levels, after controlling for other characteristics that might alter fiscal outcomes.
International Monetary Fund. African Dept.

Abstract

The region's prospects look strong. Growth in sub-Saharan Africa should reach 6 percent in 2007 and 6¾ percent in 2008. The economic expansion is strongest in oil exporters but cuts across all country groups. This would extend a period of very good performance. In recent years, sub-Saharan Africa has been experiencing its strongest growth and lowest inflation in over 30 years.

International Monetary Fund

Abstract

This paper describes the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) Initiative and suggests that it should enable HIPCs to exit from the debt-rescheduling process. It argues that implementation of the Initiative should eliminate debt as an impediment to economic development and growth and enable HIPC governments to focus on the difficult policies and reforms required to remove the remaining impediments to achieving sustainable development. The paper describes the implementation of the Initiative through the end of September 1998.