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Kazakhstan »
Source: Kazakhstan : Recent Economic Developments
Volume/Issue: 1998/84
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s): International Monetary Fund
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date: 23 September 1998
ISBN: 9781451820782
Keywords: pension, pensions, wage, payroll, benefits
This paper reviews economic developments in the Republic of Kazakhstan during 1995-98. Following a cumulative decline of 31 percent during 1992-95, real GDP began to recover in 1996, and the resumption of growth se...

Hungary »
Source: Hungary : Recent Economic Developments and Background Issues
Volume/Issue: 1995/35
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s): International Monetary Fund
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date: 10 May 1995
ISBN: 9781451817812
Keywords: wage, benefits, wages, compensation, salaries
This paper reviews economic developments in Hungary during 1993-94. The downward trend in measured aggregate output that had begun in 1990 reached its trough during 1993, and Hungary recorded its first positive GDP...

Georgia »
Source: Georgia : Recent Economic Developments
Volume/Issue: 1996/116
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s): International Monetary Fund
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date: 20 November 1996
ISBN: 9781451814392
Keywords: expenditures, expenditure, wage, benefits, wages
In recent years, the IMF has released a growing number of reports and other documents covering economic and financial developments and trends in member countries. Each report, prepared by a staff team after discuss...

Netherlands »
Source: Netherlands : Selected Issues
Volume/Issue: 1997/69
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s): International Monetary Fund
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date: 18 August 1997
ISBN: 9781451829310
Keywords: wage, employment, benefits, unemployment, wages
This Selected Issues paper examines Netherlands' experience with macroeconomic and structural reforms. The reforms, which were introduced gradually and in a consultative manner, were comprehensive in their coverage...

Finland »
Source: Finland : Recent Economic Developments
Volume/Issue: 1995/104
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s): International Monetary Fund
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date: 23 October 1995
ISBN: 9781451813111
Keywords: wage, unemployment, employment, benefits, wages
This paper reviews economic developments in Finland during 1990-95. The paper discusses the domestic economy, public finances, money and credit, and the balance of payments. It reports on the robustness of various...

The Social Safety Net in Albania »
Source: The Social Safety Net in Albania
Volume/Issue: 1996/96
Series: IMF Working Papers
Author(s): Natasha Koliadina
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date: 01 August 1996
ISBN: 9781451851861
Keywords: benefits, unemployment, social assistance, compensation
This paper reviews the developments in the social safety net system of Albania since the beginning of its economic adjustment program in mid-1992 through the third quarter of 1995. It shows that the social safety n...

Geography, Trade Patterns, and Economic Policy »
Source: Geography, Trade Patterns, and Economic Policy
Volume/Issue: 1994/16
Series: IMF Working Papers
Author(s): Carlos Asilis , and Luis Rivera-Batiz
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date: 01 February 1994
ISBN: 9781451843330
Keywords: wages, trade patterns, wage, benefits
This paper presents a geographical theory of location and interregional trade. Location is treated as an endogenous variable by firms, consumers and perfectly mobile workers in a two-sector economy. Space plays a c...

The Reform of the Pension System in Italy »
Source: The Reform of the Pension System in Italy
Volume/Issue: 1997/18
Series: IMF Working Papers
Author(s): A. Hamann
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date: 01 February 1997
ISBN: 9781451922790
Keywords: pension, benefits, retirement, early retirement
Italy’s pension system was reformed in August 1995. The new system has various desirable long-run properties and, overall, it represents an improvement over earlier systems. However, it fails to address two...

The Italian Public Pension System »
Source: The Italian Public Pension System : Current Prospects and Reform Options
Volume/Issue: 1995/33
Series: IMF Working Papers
Author(s): Patrizia Canziani , and Dimitri Demekas
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date: 01 March 1995
ISBN: 9781451845150
Keywords: pension, benefits, retirement age, retirement
Public pension expenditure in Italy has been growing rapidly in the last three decades and is now among the highest in industrialized countries. Despite recent reforms, benefits remain generous by international sta...

Pension System Viability and Reform Alternatives in the Czech Republic1 »
Source: Pension System Viability and Reform Alternatives in the Czech Republic
Volume/Issue: 2000/16
Series: IMF Working Papers
Author(s): Thomas Laursen
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date: 01 January 2000
ISBN: 9781451843392
Keywords: pension, pension system, retirement, benefits
The finances of the Czech pension system have deteriorated markedly in recent years and the aging population will add further strains in the future. The system is also burdened by significant distortions and disinc...