Household Final Monetary Consumption Expenditure

In general, the concepts, definitions, and conventions adopted in the HICP are as far as possible consistent with those used in the United Nations System of National Accounts 2008 (2008 SNA) and its EU version, the European System of Accounts 2010 (ESA 2010). Among these concepts is that of household final consumption expenditure. For the HICP this has been adapted to refer to the part that occurs in monetary transactions only. This household final monetary consumption expenditure (HFMCE) is thus a narrower concept than household final consumption expenditure, which includes both monetary and nonmonetary transactions. The HFMCE is a fundamental concept for the HICP. It delineates the scope of the HICP, namely that it includes only expenditure on consumption products by the household sector. And that it excludes all capital expenditure, such as the purchase of land or financial assets like stocks and shares, as well as all imputed transactions, own production, and barter.

Coverage

The domestic concept is used to define the geographic coverage of the HICP. This takes into account all HFMCE within the economic territory of a country, whether made by resident or nonresident households. Consumption expenditure incurred by residents when they are outside the country of residence is excluded from the HICP, while expenditure incurred by visitors from other countries is included. Bearing in mind the principal use of the HICP as an indicator for monetary policy purposes, there are two main reasons for using the domestic concept for the coverage of the HICP:

• By confining expenditure to that incurred within an economic territory, the resulting HICPs cover only those price changes which national/euro area monetary policies can directly influence.

• Consistent aggregation of national HICPs: if a European aggregate HICP (for example, for the euro area) is compared with another country or economic bloc, it must be certain to represent the whole of consumer price inflation within the euro area and none of it must be double-counted.

Using the domestic concept ensures that these conditions are met. An alternative to the domestic concept is the national concept, where all expenditure incurred by residents of a country, whether nationals or nonnationals, is measured, regardless of whether it is incurred inside or outside the economic territory. It should be noted that both the domestic and national concepts at the world level would produce theoretically the same results with regard to aggregate expenditure. However, at the EU and euro area levels they would not, due to the expenditure of EU/euro area residents outside the EU and the expenditure of non-EU residents within the EU. In practical terms, this makes the domestic concept the easier one to implement, as the national concept would require detailed information on residents’ expenditure and prices paid outside the economic territory.

The HICP product coverage is based on the concept of HFMCE and the 1999 version of the Classification of Individual Consumption According to Purpose (COICOP) to which an additional level of (five-digit) subclasses has been added. Some categories of COICOP are excluded either in principle or on practical grounds from the HICP coverage:

02.3	Narcotics
04.2	Imputed rentals for housing
09.4.3	Games of chance
12.2	Prostitution
12.5.1	Life insurance
12.6.1	Financial intermediation services indirectly measured

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02.3	Narcotics
04.2	Imputed rentals for housing
09.4.3	Games of chance
12.2	Prostitution
12.5.1	Life insurance
12.6.1	Financial intermediation services indirectly measured

In principle, “narcotics” and “prostitution” belong to HFMCE but they are not covered in the HICP for practical reasons. “Games of chance” also falls within the scope of the HFMCE. However, they are excluded from the HICP because no harmonized method for their treatment has yet been agreed upon.

“Owner-occupied housing” costs are excluded from the HICP product coverage because no available method is both conceptually consistent with the HICP and able to provide timely data with monthly frequency. The rental equivalence approach is currently considered noncompatible with the HICP on conceptual grounds as that method uses imputations and not actual monetary transactions. Eurostat has instead established a separate index of owner-occupied housing costs using the net acquisition approach. This index meets the requirement of monetary transactions, but can be criticized for including assets (land and dwellings). This is one of the reasons for not including this index into the HICP. In addition, it is apparent that net acquisition-based owner-occupied housing price indices cannot currently be produced monthly and timely in the EU countries. Eurostat is continuing the methodological work required for the integration of an owner-occupied housing price index into the HICP.

The HICP also excludes financial intermediation services indirectly measured consumed by households (that is, those parts of financial services for which an explicit (monetary) charge cannot be identified) because it is considered as an imputed transaction. Note that financial services that have explicit charges, for example, annual charges for credit cards (excluding interest charges), bank charges for money transfers, or currency exchange commissions, are included in the HICP.

Insurance services are within the scope of the HFMCE. However, “life insurance” is excluded from the HICP coverage. Premiums paid for life insurance, including pension-funding services, are regarded as savings and thus are not part of the HICP. “Life insurance” is excluded because it is not possible to separate out the implicit service charge for the insurance component from the implicit service charge for the investment component. Nonlife insurance services are, however, included in the HICP. Although for the HICP weights nonlife insurance services are measured with regard to implicit service charge, it is actually the gross insurance premiums that enter the index compilations, for practical reasons.

Weights

The HICP weights for published subindices are updated every year. The weights should represent the expenditure in the previous year and take account of preliminary national accounts data on the HFMCE. In practice, this means that compilers should estimate new subindex weights using the latest available data from the national accounts, normally preliminary estimates relating to the calendar year t – 2 (where t is the current year).

To obtain weights for lower levels of aggregation down to the most detailed product level, when national accounts do not provide data, other data sources such as household budget surveys, administrative data, retail sales, market research data, and data derived from scanner data can also be used. The observed year t – 2 expenditure may, or may not, be price updated between year t – 2 and year t – 1. The objective is to obtain the best possible estimate of the expenditure shares for the year t – 1. If goods and services are perfect complements (that is, there is no substitution between them and they are consumed in fixed proportions), the best approximation would be the price-updated weights. If goods and services are substitutes at such a rate that expenditure on one product relative to another is independent of the relative prices, the preferred approach would be not to price update. EU countries must carry out an annual review of weights to determine if there have been any important and sustained market developments, for example, the appearance of new significant products, and adjust the weights if necessary. These representative annual weights need to be adjusted with an appropriate price change to reflect the prices of December of the year t – 1.

Sampling

The HICP is a sample statistic that represents the change in prices, on average, over the target universe, which consists of all the transactions that fall within the scope of the HICP in the two periods being compared. Given the differences in the national markets and populations of the EU countries, it would not be possible to impose a uniform sampling structure across all countries. Nevertheless, certain minimum standards must be followed. Countries are required to ensure that:

• Each COICOP subclass contains a sufficient number of elementary aggregates to represent the diversity of products within the category.

• The number of prices recorded within each elementary aggregate is sufficient to represent the price movements in the population.

• All product categories that form a significant part of total consumption expenditure (at least one part per thousand) must be covered in the sample.

The HICP sample must be designed in such a way as to ensure that it is representative of all transactions: the result is a target sample, which must be maintained to ensure that it remains valid in the face of continual market changes.

Prices

The prices used in the HICP should be purchasers’ prices, which are the prices actually paid by households. Product-related taxes such as the value-added tax and other sales taxes and excise duties are included and any subsidies deducted. Discounts such as sales prices should be taken into account. Interest payments or service charges added under credit arrangements, and any extra charges incurred as a result of failing to pay within the period specified at the time of purchase, are disregarded. Purchaser prices also include all unavoidable additional costs such as booking and delivery charges, which are typically associated with internet purchases. However, it is not always possible to observe the actual transaction price; so, in practice, it is usual to record the offer price or shelf price.

The HICP follows the acquisition approach to the recording of prices. In this approach, the acquisition is deemed to take place when the purchaser incurs a liability to the seller. In practical terms, for goods it is generally assumed that they are consumed at the time they are purchased, so prices for goods enter the HICP in the month that they are observed. However, many services (for example, fights or package holidays) are either purchased in advance of when they are consumed or they are consumed over a period of time (for example, season tickets for transport and sporting services). The prices of services are therefore recorded in the HICP in the first month that consumption of the service can commence.

Quality Adjustment

The HICP is designed to be a measure of pure price change for goods and services falling within its scope. This implies that the index should be calculated from identical or almost identical goods and services; that is, the priced products should remain of similar specification or quality over time. When a product offer in the sample is no longer available or no longer popular, it needs to be replaced, with possibly a quality adjustment, to keep the sample representative. Replacement product offers should be either the same or similar enough with regard to their characteristics that consumers perceive them to be equivalent. Where, from the consumer perspective, a replacement product offer is not seen as equivalent (that is, its characteristics differ from the replaced product offer), it is necessary to apply some type of quality adjustment to the price comparison.

Index Formulas

The HICP uses different formulas for aggregating prices and price indices. In order to compile an elementary price index, either unweighted or weighted index formulas (for example, multilateral methods) can be used depending on whether detailed weights are available. At the level of the elementary aggregate and above weights are available. At those levels, the HICP uses a Laspeyres-type formula. The HICP is a Laspeyres-type index obtained by annual chain linking 13-month (December to December) indices. December of each year is the overlap or link month in which the new and old basket of products are priced.

In the HICP, the weight reference period is defined as the year t – 1 and the price reference period is a month (December month of the previous year). Thus, in the HICP it is necessary to revalue the weights at the prices of the price reference period. This procedure is applied in order to take into account the relative price changes, which have occurred between the weight reference period and the price reference period.

01 Food and Nonalcoholic Beverages

01.1 Food

The food products classified here are those purchased for consumption at home. The group excludes food products sold for immediate consumption away from the home by hotels, restaurants, cafés, bars, kiosks, street vendors, automatic vending machines, and so on (11.1.1); cooked dishes prepared by restaurants for consumption off their premises (11.1.1); cooked dishes prepared by catering contractors whether collected by the customer or delivered to the customer’s home (11.1.1); and products sold specifically as pet foods (09.3.4).

01.1.1. Bread and Cereals (ND)¹

• Rice in all forms

• Maize, wheat, barley, oats, rye, and other cereals in the form of grain, flour, or meal

• Bread and other bakery products (crispbread, rusks, toasted bread, biscuits, gingerbread, wafers, waffles, crumpets, muffins, croissants, cakes, tarts, pies, quiches, pizzas, and so on)

• Mixes and dough for the preparation of bakery products

• Pasta products in all forms; couscous

• Cereal preparations (cornflakes, oatflakes, and so on), and other cereal products (malt, malt flour, malt extract, potato starch, tapioca, sago, and other starches)

Includes: farinaceous-based products prepared with meat, fish, seafood, cheese, vegetables, or fruit.

Excludes: meat pies (01.1.2); fish pies (01.1.3); and sweet corn (01.1.7).

01.1.2. Meat (ND)

• Fresh, chilled, or frozen meat of:

  • Bovine animals, swine, sheep, and goat

  • Horse, mule, donkey, camel, and the like

  • Poultry (chicken, duck, goose, turkey, and guinea fowl)

  • Hare, rabbit, and game (antelope, deer, boar, pheasant, grouse, pigeon, quail, and so on)

• Fresh, chilled, or frozen edible offal

• Dried, salted, or smoked meat, and edible offal (sausages, salami, bacon, ham, pâté, and so on)

• Other preserved or processed meat and meat-based preparations (canned meat, meat extracts, meat juices, meat pies, and so on)

Includes: meat and edible offal of marine mammals (seals, walruses, whales, and so on) and exotic animals (kangaroo, ostrich, alligator, and so on); animals and poultry purchased live for consumption as food.

Excludes: land and sea snails (01.1.3); lard and other edible animal fats (01.1.5); and soups, broths, and stocks containing meat (01.1.9).

01.1.3. Fish and Seafood (ND)

• Fresh, chilled, or frozen fish

• Fresh, chilled, or frozen seafood (crustaceans, molluscs and other shellfish, and sea snails)

• Dried, smoked, or salted fish, and seafood

• Other preserved or processed fish and seafood and fish and seafood-based preparations (canned fish and seafood, caviar, and other hard roes, fish pies, and so on)

Includes: land crabs, land snails, and frogs; fish and seafood purchased live for consumption as food.

Excludes: soups, broths, and stocks containing fish and seafood (01.1.9).

01.1.4. Milk, Cheese, and Eggs (ND)

• Raw milk; pasteurized or sterilized milk

• Condensed, evaporated, or powdered milk

• Yogurt, cream, milk-based desserts, milk-based beverages, and other similar milk-based products

• Cheese and curd

• Eggs and egg products made wholly from eggs

Includes: milk, cream, and yogurt containing sugar, cocoa, fruit, or favorings; dairy products not based on milk such as soya milk.

Excludes: butter and butter products (01.1.5).

01.1.5. Oils and Fats (ND)

Butter and butter products (butter oil, ghee, and so on) Margarine (including “diet” margarine) and other vegetable fats (including peanut butter)

Edible oils (olive oil, corn oil, sunflower seed oil, cottonseed oil, soybean oil, groundnut oil, walnut oil, and so on)

Edible animal fats (lard and so on)

Excludes: cod or halibut liver oil (06.1.1).

01.1.6. Fruit (ND)

• Fresh, chilled, or frozen fruit

• Dried fruit, fruit peel, fruit kernels, nuts, and edible seeds

• Preserved fruit and fruit-based products

Includes: melons and watermelons.

Excludes: vegetables cultivated for their fruit such as aubergines, cucumbers, and tomatoes (01.1.7); jams, marmalades, compotes, jellies, fruit purées, and pastes (01.1.8); parts of plants preserved in sugar (01.1.8); and fruit juices and syrups (01.2.2).

01.1.7. Vegetables (ND)

• Fresh, chilled, frozen, or dried vegetables cultivated for their leaves or stalks (asparagus, broccoli, cauliflower, endives, fennel, spinach, and so on), for their fruit (aubergines, cucumbers, courgettes, green peppers, pumpkins, tomatoes, and so on), and for their roots (beetroots, carrots, onions, parsnips, radishes, turnips, and so on)

• Fresh or chilled potatoes and other tuber vegetables (manioc, arrowroot, cassava, sweet potatoes, and so on)

• Preserved or processed vegetables and vegetable-based products

• Products of tuber vegetables (flours, meals, flakes, purées, chips, and crisps) including frozen preparations such as chipped potatoes

Includes: olives; garlic; pulses; sweet corn; sea fennel and other edible seaweed; mushrooms and other edible fungi.

Excludes: potato starch, tapioca, sago, and other starches (01.1.1); soups, broths, and stocks containing vegetables (01.1.9); culinary herbs (parsley, rosemary, thyme, and so on) and spices (pepper, pimento, ginger, and so on) (01.1.9); and vegetable juices (01.2.2).

01.1.8. Sugar, Jam, Honey, Chocolate, and Confectionery (ND)

• Cane or beet sugar, unrefined or refined, powdered, crystallized, or in lumps

• Jams, marmalades, compotes, jellies, fruit purées, and pastes, natural, and artificial honey, maple syrup, molasses, and parts of plants preserved in sugar

• Chocolate in bars or slabs, chewing gum, sweets, toffees, pastilles, and other confectionery products

• Cocoa-based foods and cocoa-based dessert preparations

• Edible ice, ice cream, and sorbet

Includes: artificial sugar substitutes.

Excludes: cocoa and chocolate-based powder (01.2.1).

01.1.9. Food Products N.E.C. (ND)

• Salt, spices (pepper, pimento, ginger, and so on), culinary herbs (parsley, rosemary, thyme, and so on), sauces, condiments, seasonings (mustard, mayonnaise, ketchup, soy sauce, and so on), vinegar

• Prepared baking powders, baker’s yeast, dessert preparations, soups, broths, stocks, culinary ingredients, and so on

• Homogenized baby food and dietary preparations irrespective of the composition

Excludes: milk-based desserts (01.1.4); soya milk (01.1.4); artificial sugar substitutes (01.1.8); and cocoa-based dessert preparations (01.1.8).

01.2 Nonalcoholic Beverages

The nonalcoholic beverages classified here are those purchased for consumption at home. The group excludes nonalcoholic beverages sold for immediate consumption away from the home by hotels, restaurants, cafés, bars, kiosks, street vendors, automatic vending machines, and so on (11.1.1).

01.2.1 Coffee, Tea, and Cocoa (ND)

• Coffee, whether or not decaffeinated, roasted or ground, including instant coffee

• Tea, maté, and other plant products for infusions

• Cocoa, whether or not sweetened, and chocolate-based powder

Includes: cocoa-based beverage preparations; coffee and tea substitutes; and extracts and essences of coffee and tea.

Excludes: chocolate in bars or slabs (01.1.8); cocoa-based food; and cocoa-based dessert preparations (01.1.8).

01.2.2 Mineral Waters, Soft Drinks, and Fruit and Vegetable Juices (ND)

• Mineral or spring waters; all drinking water sold in containers

• Soft drinks such as sodas, lemonades, and colas

• Fruit and vegetable juices

• Syrups and concentrates for the preparation of beverages

Excludes: nonalcoholic beverages which are generally alcoholic such as nonalcoholic beer (02.1).

02 Alcoholic Beverages, Tobacco, and Narcotics

02.1 Alcoholic Beverages

The alcoholic beverages classified here are those purchased for consumption at home. The group excludes alcoholic beverages sold for immediate consumption away from the home by hotels, restaurants, cafés, bars, kiosks, street vendors, automatic vending machines, and so on (11.1.1).

The beverages classified here include low or nonalcoholic beverages which are generally alcoholic such as nonalcoholic beer.

02.1.1. Spirits (ND)

• Eaux-de-vie, liqueurs, and other spirits

Includes: mead; aperitifs other than wine-based aperitifs (02.1.2).

02.1.2. Wine (ND)

• Wine, cider, and perry, including sake

• Wine-based aperitifs, fortified wines, champagne, and other sparkling wines

02.1.3. Beer (ND)

• All kinds of beer such as ale, lager, and porter

Includes: low-alcoholic beer and nonalcoholic beer; shandy.

02.2 Tobacco

This group covers all purchases of tobacco by households, including purchases of tobacco in restaurants, cafés, bars, service stations, and so on.

02.2.0. Tobacco (ND)

• Cigarettes; cigarette tobacco and cigarette papers

• Cigars, pipe tobacco, chewing tobacco, or snuff

Excludes: other smokers’ articles (12.3.2).

02.3 Narcotics

02.3.0. Narcotics (ND)

• Marijuana, opium, cocaine, and their derivatives

• Other vegetable-based narcotics such as cola nuts, betel leaves, and betel nuts

• Other narcotics including chemicals and man-made drugs

03 Clothing and Footwear

03.1 Clothing

03.1.1. Clothing Materials (SD)

• Clothing materials of natural fibers, of man-made fibers, and of their mixtures

Excludes: furnishing fabrics (05.2.0).

03.1.2. Garments (SD)

• Garments for men, women, children (3–13 years) and infants (0–2 years), either ready-to-wear or made-to-measure, in all materials (including leather, furs, plastics, and rubber), for everyday wear, for sport or for work:

• Capes, overcoats, raincoats, anoraks, parkas, blousons, jackets, trousers, waistcoats, suits, costumes, dresses, skirts, and so on

• Shirts, blouses, pullovers, sweaters, cardigans, shorts, swimsuits, tracksuits, jogging suits, sweatshirts, T-shirts, leotards, and so on

• Vests, underpants, socks, stockpiles, tights, petticoats, bras-sières, knickers, slips, girdles, corsets, body stockpiles, and so on

• Pajamas, nightshirts, nightdresses, housecoats, dressing gowns, bathrobes, and so on

• Baby clothes and babies’ booties made of fabric.

Excludes: articles of medical hosiery such as elasticated stockpiles (06.1.2); babies’ napkins (12.1.3).

03.1.3. Other Articles of Clothing and Clothing Accessories (SD)

• Ties, handkerchiefs, scarves, squares, gloves, mittens, muffs, belts, braces, aprons, smocks, bibs, sleeve protectors, hats, caps, berets, bonnets, and so on

• Sewing threads, knitting yarns, and accessories for making clothing such as buckles, buttons, press studs, zip fasteners, ribbons, laces, trimmings, and so on

Includes: gardening gloves and working gloves; crash helmets for motorcycles and bicycles.

Excludes: gloves and other articles made of rubber (05.6.1); pins, safety pins, sewing needles, knitting needles, thimbles (05.6.1); protective headgear for sports (09.3.2); other protective gear for sports such as life jackets, boxing gloves, body padding, belts, supports, and so on (09.3.2); paper handkerchiefs (12.1.3); watches, jewelry, cuff links, tiepins (12.3.1); walking sticks and canes, umbrellas and parasols, fans, and keyrings (12.3.2).

03.1.4. Cleaning, Repair, and Hire of Clothing (S)

• Dry-cleaning, laundering, and dyeing of garments

• Darning, mending, repair, and altering of garments Hire of garments

Includes: total value of the repair service (that is, both the cost of labor and the cost of materials are covered).

Excludes: materials, threads, accessories, and so on purchased by households with the intention of undertaking the repairs themselves (03.1.1) or (03.1.3); repair of household linen and other household textiles (05.2.0); dry-cleaning, laundering, dyeing, and hiring of household linen, and other household textiles (05.6.2).

03.2 Footwear

03.2.1. Shoes and Other Footwear (SD)

• All footwear for men, women, children (3–13 years), and infants (0–2 years) including sports footwear suitable for everyday or leisure wear (shoes for jogging, cross-training, tennis, basketball, boating, and so on)

Includes: gaiters, leggings, and similar articles; shoelaces; parts of footwear, such as heels, soles, and so on, purchased by households with the intention of repairing footwear themselves.

Excludes: babies’ booties made of fabric (03.1.2); shoe trees, shoehorns and polishes, creams, and other shoe-cleaning articles (05.6.1); orthopedic footwear (06.1.3); game-specific footwear (ski boots, football boots, golfing shoes, and other such footwear fitted with ice skates, rollers, spikes, studs, and so on) (09.3.2); and shin guards, cricket pads, and other such protective apparel for sport (09.3.2).

03.2.2. Repair and Hire of Footwear (S)

• Repair of footwear; shoe-cleaning services

• Hire of footwear

Includes: total value of the repair service (that is, both the cost of labor and the cost of materials are covered).

Excludes: parts of footwear, such as heels, soles, and so on, purchased by households with the intention of undertaking the repair themselves (03.2.1); polishes, creams, and other shoe-cleaning articles (05.6.1); and repair (09.3.2) or hire (09.4.1) of game-specific footwear (ski boots, football boots, golfing shoes, and other such footwear fitted with ice skates, rollers, spikes, studs, and so on).

04 Housing, Water, Electricity, Gas, and Other Fuels

04.1 Actual Rentals for Housing

Rentals normally include payment for the use of the land on which the property stands, the dwelling occupied, the fixtures and fittings for heating, plumbing, lighting, and so on, and, in the case of a dwelling let furnished, the furniture.

Rentals also include payment for the use of a garage to provide parking in connection with the dwelling. The garage does not have to be physically contiguous to the dwelling, nor does it have to be leased from the same landlord.

Rentals do not include payment for the use of garages or parking spaces not providing parking in connection with the dwelling (07.2.4). Nor do they include charges for water supply (04.4.1); refuse collection (04.4.2) and sewage collection (04.4.3); coproprietor charges for caretaking, gardening, stairwell cleaning, heating and lighting, maintenance of lifts and refuse disposal chutes, and so on in multi-occupied buildings (04.4.4); charges for electricity (04.5.1) and gas (04.5.2); and charges for heating and hot water supplied by district heating plants (04.5.5).

04.1.1. Actual Rentals Paid by Tenants (S)

• Rentals actually paid by tenants or subtenants occupying unfurnished or furnished premises as their main residence

Includes: payments by households occupying a room in a hotel or boarding house as their main residence.

Excludes: accommodation services of educational establishments and hostels (11.2.0) and of retirement homes for elderly persons (12.4.0).

04.1.2. Other Actual Rentals (S)

• Rentals actually paid for secondary residences

Excludes: accommodation services of holiday villages and holiday centers (11.2.0).

04.2 Imputed Rentals for Housing

For coverage see note to (04.1).

04.2.1 Imputed Rentals of Owner-Occupiers (S) Imputed rentals of owners occupying their main residence

04.2.2. Other Imputed Rentals (S)

• Imputed rentals for secondary residences

• Imputed rentals of households paying a reduced rental or housed free

04.3 Maintenance and Repair of the Dwelling

Maintenance and repair of dwellings are distinguished by two features: first, they are activities that have to be undertaken regularly in order to maintain the dwelling in good working order; second, they do not change the dwelling’s performance, capacity or expected service life.

There are two types of maintenance and repair of dwellings: those which are minor, such as interior decoration and repairs to fittings, and which are commonly carried out by both tenants and owners; and those which are major, such as replastering walls or repairing roofs, and which are carried out by owners only.

Only expenditures which tenants and owner-occupiers incur on materials and services for minor maintenance and repair are part of individual consumption expenditure of households. Expenditures which owner-occupiers incur on materials and services for major maintenance and repair are not part of individual consumption expenditure of households.

Purchases of materials made by tenants or owner-occupiers with the intention of undertaking the maintenance or repair themselves should be shown under (04.3.1). If tenants or owner-occupiers pay an enterprise to carry out the maintenance or repair, the total value of the service, including the costs of the materials used, should be shown under (04.3.2).

04.3.1. Materials for the Maintenance and Repair of the Dwelling (ND)

• Products and materials, such as paints and varnishes, renderings, wallpapers, fabric wall coverings, window panes, plaster, cement, putty, wallpaper pastes, and so on, purchased for minor maintenance and repair of the dwelling

Includes: small plumbing items (pipes, taps, joints, and so on), surfacing materials (floorboards, ceramic tiles, and so on), and brushes and scrapers for paint, varnish, and wallpaper.

Excludes: fitted carpets and linoleum (05.1.2); hand tools, door fittings, power sockets, wiring flex, and lamp bulbs (05.5.2); brooms, scrubbing brushes, dusting brushes, and cleaning products (05.6.1); products, materials, and fixtures used for major maintenance and repair (intermediate consumption) or for extension and conversion of the dwelling (capital formation).

04.3.2. Services for the Maintenance and Repair of the Dwelling (S)

• Services of plumbers, electricians, carpenters, glaziers, painters, decorators, floor polishers, and so on engaged for minor maintenance and repair of the dwelling

Includes: total value of the service (that is, both the cost of labor and the cost of materials are covered).

Excludes: separate purchases of materials made by households with the intention of undertaking the maintenance or repair themselves (04.3.1); services engaged for major maintenance and repair (intermediate consumption) or for extension and conversion of the dwelling (capital formation).

04.4 Water Supply and Miscellaneous Services Relating to the Dwelling

04.4.1. Water Supply (ND)

• Water supply

Includes: associated expenditure such as hire of meters, reading of meters, standing charges, and so on.

Excludes: drinking water sold in bottles or containers (01.2.2); hot water or steam purchased from district heating plants (04.5.5).

04.4.2. Refuse Collection (S)

• Refuse collection and disposal

04.4.3. Sewage Collection (S)

• Sewage collection and disposal

04.4.4. Other Services Relating to the Dwelling N.E.C. (S)

• Coproprietor charges for caretaking, gardening, stairwell cleaning, heating and lighting, maintenance of lifts and refuse disposal chutes, and so on in multi-occupied buildings

• Security services

• Snow removal and chimney sweeping

Excludes: household services such as window cleaning, disinfecting, fumigation, and pest extermination (05.6.2); bodyguards (12.7.0).

04.5 Electricity, Gas, and Other Fuels

04.5.1. Electricity (ND)

• Electricity

Includes: associated expenditure such as hire of meters, reading of meters, standing charges, and so on.

04.5.2. Gas (ND)

• Town gas and natural gas

• Liquefied hydrocarbons (butane, propane, and so on)

Includes: associated expenditure such as hire of meters, reading of meters, storage containers, standing charges, and so on.

04.5.3. Liquid Fuels (ND)

• Domestic heating and lighting oils

04.5.4. Solid Fuels (ND)

• Coal, coke, briquettes, firewood, charcoal, peat, and the like

04.5.5. Heat Energy (ND)

• Hot water and steam purchased from district heating plants

Includes: associated expenditure such as hire of meters, reading of meters, standing charges, and so on; ice used for cooling and refrigeration purposes.

05 Furnishings, Household Equipment, and Routine Household Maintenance

05.1 Furniture and Furnishings, Carpets, and Other Floor Coverings

05.1.1. Furniture and Furnishings (D)

• Beds, sofas, couches, tables, chairs, cupboards, chests of drawers, and bookshelves

• Lighting equipment such as ceiling lights, standard lamps, globe lights, and bedside lamps

• Pictures, sculptures, engravings, tapestries, and other art objects including reproductions of works of art and other ornaments

• Screens, folding partitions, and other furniture and fixtures

Includes: delivery and installation when applicable; base mattresses, mattresses, tatamis; bathroom cabinets; baby furniture such as cradles, high chairs, and playpens; blinds; camping and garden furniture; and mirrors, candleholders, and candlesticks.

Excludes: bedding and sunshades (05.2.0); safes (05.3.1); ornamental glass and ceramic articles (05.4.0); clocks (12.3.1); wall thermometers and barometers (12.3.2); carrycots and pushchairs (12.3.2); and works of art and antique furniture acquired primarily as stores of value (capital formation).

05.1.2. Carpets and Other Floor Coverings (D)

• Loose carpets, fitted carpets, linoleum, and other such floor coverings

Includes: laying of floor coverings

Excludes: bathroom mats, rush mats, and doormats (05.2.0); antique floor coverings acquired primarily as stores of value (capital formation).

05.1.3. Repair of Furniture, Furnishings, and Floor Coverings (S)

• Repair of furniture, furnishings, and floor coverings

Includes: total value of the service (that is, both the cost of labor and the cost of materials are covered); restoration of works of art, antique furniture, and antique floor coverings other than those acquired primarily as stores of value (capital formation).

Excludes: separate purchases of materials made by households with the intention of undertaking the repair themselves (05.1.1) or (05.1.2); dry-cleaning of carpets (05.6.2).

05.2 Household Textiles

05.2.0. Household Textiles (SD)

• Furnishing fabrics, curtain material, curtains, double curtains, awnings, door curtains, and fabric blinds

• Bedding such as futons, pillows, bolsters, and hammocks

• Bed linen such as sheets, pillowcases, blankets, traveling rugs, plaids, eiderdowns, counterpanes, and mosquito nets

• Table linen and bathroom linen such as tablecloths, table napkins, towels, and face cloths

• Other household textiles such as shopping bags, laundry bags, shoe bags, covers for clothes and furniture, flags, sunshades, and so on

Repair of such articles

Includes: cloth bought by the piece; oilcloth; bathroom mats, rush mats, and doormats.

Excludes: fabric wall coverings (04.3.1); tapestries (05.1.1); floor coverings such as carpets and fitted carpets (05.1.2); electric blankets (05.3.2); covers for motor cars, motorcycles, and so on (07.2.1); and air mattresses and sleeping bags (09.3.2).

05.3 Household Appliances

05.3.1. Major Household Appliances Whether Electric or Not (D)

• Refrigerators, freezers, and fridge freezers

• Washing machines, dryers, drying cabinets, dishwashers, ironing, and pressing machines

• Cookers, spit roasters, hobs, ranges, ovens, and microwave ovens

• Air-conditioners, humidifiers, space heaters, water heaters, ventilators, and extractor hoods

• Vacuum cleaners, steam-cleaning machines, carpet shampooing machines, and machines for scrubbing, waxing, and polishing floors

• Other major household appliances such as safes, sewing machines, knitting machines, water softeners, and so on

Includes: delivery and installation of the appliances when applicable.

Excludes: such appliances that are built into the structure of the building (capital formation).

05.3.2. Small Electric Household Appliances (SD)

• Coffee mills, coffee makers, juice extractors, can openers, food mixers, deep fryers, meat grills, knives, toasters, ice cream makers, sorbet makers, yogurt makers, hotplates, irons, kettles, fans, electric blankets, and so on

Excludes: small nonelectric household articles and kitchen utensils (05.4.0); household scales (05.4.0); personal weighing machines and baby scales (12.1.3).

05.3.3. Repair of Household Appliances (S)

• Repair of household appliances

Includes: total value of the service (that is, both the cost of labor and the cost of materials are covered); charges for the leasing or rental of major household appliances.

Excludes: separate purchases of materials made by households with the intention of undertaking the repair themselves (05.3.1) or (05.3.2).

05.4 Glassware, Tableware, and Household Utensils

05.4.0. Glassware, Tableware, and Household Utensils (SD)

• Glassware, crystal ware, ceramic ware, and chinaware of the kind used for table, kitchen, bathroom, toilet, office, and indoor decoration

• Cutlery, flatware, and silverware

• Nonelectric kitchen utensils of all materials such as saucepans, stewpots, pressure cookers, frying pans, coffee mills, purée makers, mincers, hotplates, household scales, and other such mechanical devices

• Nonelectric household articles of all materials such as containers for bread, coffee, spices, and so on, waste bins, waste-paper baskets, laundry baskets, portable money boxes and strongboxes, towel rails, bottle racks, irons and ironing boards, letter boxes, feeding bottles, thermos flasks, and iceboxes

Repair of such articles

Excludes: lighting equipment (05.1.1); electric household appliances (05.3.1) or (05.3.2); cardboard tableware (05.6.1); personal weighing machines and baby scales (12.1.3); ashtrays (12.3.2).

05.5 Tools and Equipment for House and Garden

05.5.1. Major Tools and Equipment (D)

• Motorized tools and equipment such as electric drills, saws, sanders and hedge cutters, garden tractors, lawn-mowers, cultivators, chainsaws, and water pumps

Repair of such articles

Includes: charges for the leasing or rental of do-it-yourself machinery and equipment.

05.5.2. Small Tools and Miscellaneous Accessories (SD)

• Hand tools such as saws, hammers, screwdrivers, wrenches, spanners, pliers, trimming knives, rasps, and files

• Garden tools such as wheelbarrows, watering cans, hoses, spades, shovels, rakes, forks, scythes, sickles, and secateurs

• Ladders and steps

• Door fittings (hinges, handles, and locks), fittings for radiators and fireplaces, and other metal articles for the house (curtain rails, carpet rods, hooks, and so on) or for the garden (chains, grids, stakes, and hoop segments for fencing and bordering)

• Small electric accessories such as power sockets, switches, wiring flex, electric bulbs, fluorescent lighting tubes, torches, flashlights, hand lamps, electric batteries for general use, bells, and alarms

Repair of such articles

05.6 Goods and Services for Routine Household Maintenance

05.6.1. Nondurable Household Goods (ND)

• Cleaning and maintenance products such as soaps, washing powders, washing liquids, scouring powders, detergents, disinfectant bleaches, softeners, conditioners, window-cleaning products, waxes, polishes, dyes, unblocking agents, disinfectants, insecticides, pesticides, fungicides, and distilled water

• Articles for cleaning such as brooms, scrubbing brushes, dustpans and dust brushes, dusters, tea towels, floorcloths, household sponges, scourers, steel wool, and chamois leathers

• Paper products such as filters, tablecloths and table napkins, kitchen paper, vacuum cleaner bags, and cardboard tableware, including aluminum foil and plastic bin liners

• Other nondurable household articles such as matches, candles, lamp wicks, methylated spirits, clothes-pegs, clothes hangers, pins, safety pins, sewing needles, knitting needles, thimbles, nails, screws, nuts and bolts, tacks, washers, glues and adhesive tapes for household use, string, twine, and rubber gloves

Includes: polishes, creams, and other shoe-cleaning articles; fre extinguishers for households.

Excludes: brushes and scrapers for paint, varnish, and wallpaper (04.3.1); fire extinguishers for transport equipment (07.2.1); products specifically for the cleaning and maintenance of transport equipment such as paints, chrome cleaners, sealing compounds, and bodywork polishes (07.2.1); horticultural products for the upkeep of ornamental gardens (09.3.3); paper handkerchiefs, toilet paper, toilet soaps, toilet sponges, and other products for personal hygiene (12.1.3); cigarette, cigar, and pipe lighters, and lighter fuel (12.3.2).

05.6.2. Domestic Services and Household Services (S)

• Domestic services supplied by paid staff employed in private services such as butlers, cooks, maids, drivers, gardeners, governesses, secretaries, tutors, and au pairs

• Similar services, including babysitting and housework, supplied by enterprises or self-employed persons

• Household services such as window cleaning, disinfecting, fumigation, and pest extermination

• Dry-cleaning, laundering, and dyeing of household linen, household textiles, and carpets

• Hire of furniture, furnishings, carpets, household equipment, and household linen

Excludes: dry-cleaning, laundering, and dyeing of garments (03.1.4); refuse collection (04.4.2); sewerage collection (04.4.3); coproprietor charges for caretaking, gardening, stairwell cleaning, heating and lighting, maintenance of lifts and refuse disposal chutes, and so on in multi-occupied buildings (04.4.4); security services (04.4.4); snow removal and chimney sweeping (04.4.4); removal and storage services (07.3.6); services of wet-nurses, crèches, day care centers, and other child-minding facilities (12.4.0); and bodyguards (12.7.0).

01 Food and Nonalcoholic Beverages

Division 01 covers food and nonalcoholic beverages purchased by the household mainly for consumption or preparation at home. It excludes food and nonalcoholic beverages that are provided as part of a food serving service (Division 11).

Services for food processing for own consumption are also included in this division.

Food is composed of all edible goods that are purchased and consumed by the household with the purpose of nourishing. It includes: cereals and cereal products; meat; fish and other seafood; milk, other dairy products, and eggs; oils and fats; fruit and nuts; vegetables, tubers, plantains, cooking bananas, and pulses; sugar, confectionery, and desserts; salt, sauces and condiments, spices and culinary herbs, and seeds.

Division 01 also includes ready-made food that can be eaten as it is or requires heating. Nonalcoholic beverages include drinks that do not contain any alcohol.

01.1 Food

Food purchased by the household mainly for consumption or preparation at home. It excludes food that is provided as part of a food serving service.

Food is composed of all edible goods that are purchased and consumed by the household with the purpose of nourishing. It includes cereals and cereal products; meat; fish and other seafood; milk, other dairy products, and eggs; oils and fats; fruit and nuts; vegetables, tubers, plantains, cooking bananas, and pulses; sugar, confectionery, and desserts; salt, sauces and condiments, spices and culinary herbs, and seeds.

Includes:

• Products that need to be cooked and further prepared as well as ready-made food

Excludes:

• Service of local delivery of food or drinks when separately invoiced (07.4.9.2)

• Products for animal feeding (09.3.2.2)

• Food provided by food serving services (Division 11)

01.1.1 Cereals and Cereal Products (ND)

01.1.1.1 Cereals (ND)

Dried grains of cereals, whether or not precooked, but not further processed.

Includes:

• Wheat

• Rice, including parboiled rice

• Sorghum

• Barley

• Millet

• Quinoa

• Maize

• Other cereals

Includes also:

• Teff

• Rye

• Oats

• Triticale

• Buckwheat

• Canary seed

• Quihuicha or Inca wheat

• Canagua or coaihua

• Adlay or Job’s tears

• Mixed cereal grains, in the form of dried grains, but not further processed

Excludes:

• Flour of cereals (01.1.1.2)

• Breakfast cereals (01.1.1.4)

• Ready-made preparations based on cereals, such as ready-made soups based on cereals (01.1.9.1)

• Baby rice cereals and other baby cereals (01.1.9.2)

• Seeds for planting (09.3.1.2)

01.1.1.2 Flour of Cereals (ND)

Includes:

• Flour of cereals mentioned in subclass 01.1.1.1

Excludes:

• Flour as baby food, baby rice cereals, and other baby cereals (01.1.9.2)

01.1.1.3 Bread and Bakery Products (ND):

Includes

• Bread and bread rolls

• Crispbread, rusks, toasted bread, crackers

• Tortillas

• Injera

• Pizza bases without topping, whether precooked or not

• Gingerbread and the like

• Sweet biscuits (cookies)

• Waffles and wafers

• Ice cream cones

• Crumpets, muffins, croissants, cakes, sweet tarts, sweet pies, and other pastry goods and cakes

Excludes:

• Pizza (with topping), quiche, meat, or fish pies (01.1.9.1)

01.1.1.4 Breakfast Cereals (ND)

Includes:

• Cornflakes, oatmeal and oat fakes, muesli, granola, and puffed cereals including puffed rice cakes

• Breakfast cereals with nuts or dried fruit

Excludes:

• Popcorn (1.1.1.9)

01.1.1.5 Macaroni, Noodles, Couscous, and Similar Pasta Products (ND)

Includes:

• Pasta uncooked, whether stuffed or not, and couscous

• Uncooked dumplings, ravioli, and similar

• Bulgur

Excludes:

• Prepared dishes containing stuffed pasta; prepared couscous dishes (01.1.9.1)

01.1.1.9 Other Cereal and Grain Mill Products (ND)

Includes:

• Mixes and doughs for the preparation of bakery products

• Popcorn

• Granola bars

• Malt; malt extract

• Chips and crisps of cereals

Includes also:

• Seitan and other meat substitutes made from cereals

Excludes:

• Soy meat and burgers, veggie burgers, tofu, tempeh, and other meat substitutes made from vegetables and nuts; potato starch, tapioca, sago, and other starches (01.1.7.9)

• Ready-made preparations based on cereals, such as ready-made soups based on cereals (01.1.9.1)

01.1.2 Live Animals, Meat, and Other Parts of Slaughtered Land Animals (ND)

01.1.2.1 Live Land Animals (ND)

Live land animals, both domestic and wild, for food purpose.

Includes:

• Cattle (cow, veal, common zebu or humped ox, watussi ox, gaur, gayal, banteng, Tibetan yak)

• Buffaloes (Indian or water buffaloes, Asiatic buffalo or arni, Celebese anoa or pigmy buffaloes, African buffaloes, such as the dwarf buffaloes and the large Caffrarian buffaloes, the American bison or “buffalo” and the European bison, the “beefalo” [a cross between a bison and a domestic beef animal])

• Pigs

• Goats, lambs, and sheep

• Poultry (chicken, ducks, geese, turkeys, and guinea flow)

• Horses, donkeys, and other equines

• Camels, dromedaries, alpaca, llama, guanaco, vicuña, and other camelids

• Seals, walruses, whales, and other marine mammals

• Antelopes, deer, boars, kangaroos

• Ostriches, emus, rhea, pheasant, grouse, pigeon, quail, and other birds

• Snakes, alligators, and other reptiles

• Spiders, scorpions, and other insects and worms

• Terrestrial snails

• Frogs

Excludes:

• Live fish (01.1.3.1)

• Other live seafood (01.1.3.4)

• Live animals for transport (07.1.4.0)

01.1.2.2 Meat, Fresh, Chilled, or Frozen (ND)

Meat of all animals, both domestic and wild, fresh, chilled, or frozen.

Includes:

• Meat of cattle (cow, veal, common zebu or humped ox, watussi ox, gaur, gayal, banteng, Tibetan yak)

• Meat of buffaloes (Indian or water buffaloes, Asiatic buffalo or arni, Celebese anoa or pigmy buffaloes, African buffaloes, such as the dwarf buffaloes and the large Caffrarian buffaloes, the American bison or “buffalo” and the European bison, the “beefalo” [a cross between a bison and a domestic beef animal])

• Meat of pigs

• Meat of goats, lambs, and sheep

• Meat of poultry (chicken, ducks, geese, turkeys, and guinea flow)

• Meat of horses, donkeys, and other equines

• Meat of camels, dromedaries, alpaca, llama, guanaco, vicuña, and other camelids

• Meat of seals, walruses, whales, and other marine mammals

• Meat of antelopes, deer, boars, and kangaroos

• Meat of ostriches, emus, rhea, pheasant, grouse, pigeon, quail, and other birds

• Meat of snakes, alligators, and other reptiles

• Meat of spiders, scorpions, and other insects and worms

• Meat of terrestrial snails

• Meat of frogs

Includes also:

• Minced meat of animals mentioned previously

01.1.2.3 Meat, Dried, Salted, in Brine or Smoked (ND)

Meat of all animals dried, salted, in brine or smoked.

Includes:

• Bacon, ham, salami

Excludes:

• Pâté (01.1.2.5)

01.1.2.4 Offal, Blood, and Other Parts of Slaughtered Animals, Fresh, Chilled, or Frozen, Dried, Salted, in Brine or Smoked (ND)

Offal and other parts of slaughtered animals fresh, chilled or frozen, dried, salted, in brine or smoked.

Includes:

• Bones

• Pork heads, tails, and ears; chicken feet

Excludes:

• Offal, blood, and other parts of slaughtered animals’ preparations (01.1.2.5)

01.1.2.5 Meat, Offal, Blood, and Other Parts of Slaughtered Animals Preparations (ND)

Meat, offal or blood preparations, whether frozen or not.

Includes:

• Sausages and similar products of meat, offal, or blood

• Marinated meat

• Canned meat, meat extracts, meat juices

• Minced meat, if mixed meat from more than one kind of animal’s minced meat

• All kind of pâté, including liver pâté

• Breaded meat

• Other preparations of meat, meat offal, or blood

01.1.3 Fish and Other Seafood (ND)

Fish and other seafood, such as crustaceans, molluscs, and other aquatic invertebrates, as whole or part of (that is cuts, fillets, meat, minced or not), including livers, roes, fins, meal, and other offal.

Excludes:

• Marine mammals, frogs, and terrestrial snails (01.1.2.1, 01.1.2.2, 01.1.2.3)

• Seaweeds and other aquatic plants (01.1.7.4)

01.1.3.1 Fish, Live, Fresh, Chilled, or Frozen (ND)

Fish, live, fresh, chilled, or frozen.

Includes:

• Fish live for food purpose

• Fish fresh, chilled, or frozen

• Fish fillets and meat, minced or not, fresh, chilled, or frozen

Excludes:

• Livers, roes, fins, and other offal (01.1.3.7)

01.1.3.2 Fish, Dried, Salted, in Brine or Smoked (ND)

Fish, dried, salted or in brine; smoked.

Includes:

• Fish fillets and meat dried, salted or in brine; smoked

Excludes:

• Livers, roes, fins, and other offal (01.1.3.7)

01.1.3.3 Fish Preparations (ND)

Prepared foodstuffs made of fish whether frozen or not.

Includes:

• Fillets merely covered with batter or bread crumbs, whether or not frozen

• Crabmeat and surimi

Excludes:

• Caviar and caviar substitutes and prepared and preserved shark fins; livers, roes, fins, and other offal (01.1.3.7)

01.1.3.4 Other Seafood, Live, Fresh, Chilled, or Frozen (ND)

Includes:

• Crabs, lobsters, crayfish, krill, sea spider, shrimps and prawns, and other crustaceans, live, fresh, chilled, or frozen

• Cuttlefish, squid, octopus, sea snails, abalone and bivalves, such as oysters, scallops, mussels, clams, cockles and ark shells, and other molluscs, live, fresh, chilled, or frozen

• Sea urchins, sea cucumbers (bêches-de-mer) and jelly-fish, and other aquatic invertebrates, live, fresh, chilled, or frozen

Excludes:

• Terrestrial molluscs, including terrestrial snails, live, fresh, chilled, or frozen (01.1.2.1, 01.1.2.2, 01.1.2.3)

• Seaweeds and other edible aquatic plants (01.1.7.4)

01.1.3.5 Other Seafood, Dried, Salted, in Brine or Smoked (ND)

Other seafood as defined in 01.1.3.4, dried, salted or in brine; smoked.

01.1.3.6 Other Seafood Preparations (ND)

Prepared foodstuffs made of other seafood as defined in 01.1.3.4 whether frozen or not.

01.1.3.7 Livers, Roes, and Offal of Fish and of Other Seafood in All Forms (ND)

Includes:

• Livers, roes, fins, maws, meal, and other offal in all product forms, that is, fresh, chilled, frozen, dried, salted, in brine or smoked, prepared or preserved

Excludes:

• Seaweeds and other aquatic plants (01.1.7.4)

01.1.4 Milk, Other Dairy Products, and Eggs (ND)

01.1.4.1 Raw and Whole Milk (ND)

Raw and whole milk of cattle and buffalo, sheep and goat, camels and other animals, fresh, pasteurized, sterilized (UHT), and reconstituted.

Excludes:

• Curdled, fermented, or acidified milk and cream (01.1.4.6)

01.1.4.2 Skimmed Milk (ND)

Skimmed and semiskimmed milk of cattle and buffalo, sheep and goat, camels, and other animals.

01.1.4.3 Other Milk and Cream (ND)

Includes:

• Powdered, whole or skimmed milk

• Evaporated and condensed milk

• Fresh, clotted, thickened, and whipped cream

Includes also:

• Baked milk

Excludes:

• Beverages favored with cocoa, coffee, or other substances (01.1.4.7)

• Condensed, evaporated or powdered milk as baby food (01.1.9.2)

01.1.4.4 Nonanimal Milk (ND)

Milk from nonanimal origin.

Includes:

• Almond milk

• Coconut milk drink

• Oat milk

• Rice milk

• Soy milk

• Other milk from vegetables and nuts

Excludes:

• Coconut milk for cooking (01.1.9.3)

01.1.4.5 Cheese (ND)

All kinds of cheese (fresh hard, semihard, blue cheese, cottage cheese) and curd both from animal and nonanimal milk.

Excludes:

• Tofu (01.1.7.9)

01.1.4.6 Yogurt and Similar Products (ND)

Includes:

• Yogurt

• Buttermilk

• Curdled milk and cream

• Kefir and other fermented or acidified milk and cream whether or not concentrated or containing added sugar or other sweetening matter or favored or containing added fruit, nuts, or cocoa

• Yogurt from nonanimal milk (for example, coconut yogurt, soy yogurt)

Excludes:

• Frozen yogurt (01.1.8.6)

01.1.4.7 Milk-Based Dessert and Beverages (ND)

Includes:

• Milk-based desserts from the milk of animal and nonanimal origin

• Beverages based on milk of animal and nonanimal origin favored with cocoa, coffee, or other substances

Includes also:

• Puddings based on milk of animal and nonanimal origin; panna cotta; crème brûlée; and crema catalana

Excludes:

• Lemon curd and similar (01.1.8.3)

01.1.4.8 Eggs (ND)

Includes:

• Eggs of hen and other birds in shell, fresh

• Eggs of other animals, including turtle eggs, in shell, fresh

• Eggs in shell or not, preserved or cooked

• Eggs yolks, fresh or preserved

• Eggs albumin

Excludes:

• Fish roes (01.1.3.7)

• Omelets, crepes, and other ready-made food products based on eggs (01.1.9.1)

01.1.4.9 Other Dairy Products (ND)

Includes:

• Whey and casein

• Cream concentrated or containing added sugar or other sweetening matter; cream powder

• Other products consisting of milk constituents, milk protein concentrates, and products obtained from whey

Excludes:

• Butter and other fats and oils derived from milk (01.1.5.2)

• Ice cream (01.1.8.6)

01.1.5 Oils and Fats (ND)

01.1.5.1 Vegetable Oils (ND)

All oil of vegetable origin, including oil extracted from fruit, nuts, and other crops.

Includes:

• Sunflower-seed and safflower oil

• Palm oil; olive oil

• Soya bean oil

• Groundnut oil

• Rapeseed, colza, and mustard oil

• Corn oil

• Cotton oil

• Other oils of vegetable origin

Includes also:

• Coconut oil

• Avocado oil

• Rice bran oil

01.1.5.2 Butter and Other Fats and Oils Derived from Milk (ND)

Includes:

• Butter

• Butter oil

• Ghee

01.1.5.3 Margarine and Similar Preparations (ND)

Includes:

• Margarine

• Diet margarine

Excludes:

• Peanut butter (01.1.8.4)

01.1.5.9 Other Animal Oils and Fats (ND)

Includes:

• Pig fat and lard, also including leaves or other spices

• Fat from cattle, buffalos, sheep, goats, and poultry

• Greaves fat and oleo stock

• Fats and oils of fish

Excludes:

• Cod or halibut liver oil (06.1.1.1)

01.1.6 Fruits and Nuts (ND)

01.1.6.1 Dates, Figs, and Tropical Fruits, Fresh (ND)

Includes:

• Dates

• Figs

• Avocados

• Bananas

• Mangoes, guavas, and mangosteens

• Papayas

• Pineapples

• Coconut

• Breadfruits

• Other tropical and subtropical fruit, fresh

Excludes:

• Plantains and cooking bananas (01.1.7.5)

01.1.6.2 Citrus Fruits, Fresh (ND)

Includes:

• Oranges

• Pomelos and grapefruit

• Lemons and limes

• Tangerines

• Mandarins and clementines

• Other citrus fruits, fresh

01.1.6.3 Stone Fruits and Pome Fruits, Fresh (ND)

Includes:

• Apples

• Pears and quinces

• Apricots

• Cherries and sour cherries

• Peaches and nectarines

• Plums and sloes

• Other pome fruits and stone fruits, fresh

01.1.6.4 Berries, Fresh (ND)

Includes:

• Currants and gooseberries

• Raspberries

• Blackberries

• Mulberries and loganberries

• Strawberries

• Other berries fresh

01.1.6.5 Other Fruits, Fresh (ND)

Includes:

• Grapes

• Kiwi fruit

• Cantaloupes and other melons

• Watermelons

• Pomegranates

• Other fruits, fresh, n.e.c.

01.1.6.6 Frozen Fruit (ND)

Fruit, uncooked or cooked, frozen, whether or not containing added sugar or other sweetening matter.

01.1.6.7 Fruit, Dried, and Dehydrated (ND)

Includes:

• Raisins

• Prunes

• Dried apricots

• Dried coconut

• Other dried fruits

Excludes:

• Fruit four (01.1.6.9)

01.1.6.8 Nuts, in Shell or Shelled (ND)

Includes:

• Almonds

• Cashew nuts

• Chestnuts

• Hazelnuts

• Pistachios

• Walnuts

• Brazil nuts

• Groundnuts

• Other nuts in shell or shelled

01.1.6.9 Fruit and Nuts Ground and Other Preparations (ND)

Fruit and nuts preparations whether frozen or not.

Includes:

• Fruit four

• Nuts, groundnuts, and other seeds, roasted, salted, or otherwise prepared

• Canned fruit

• Homogenized fruit preparations

• Fruit pickles

Excludes:

• Jams, fruit jellies, marmalades, and fruit purée and pastes (01.1.8.3)

• Nut purée, nut butter, and nut pastes (01.1.8.4)

• Homogenized preparations as baby food (01.1.9.2)

01.1.7 Vegetables, Tubers, Plantains, Cooking Bananas, and Pulses (ND)

01.1.7.1 Leafy or Stem Vegetables, Fresh or Chilled (ND)

Includes:

• Asparagus

• Cabbages

• Cauliflowers and broccoli

• Lettuce and chicory

• Spinach

• Artichokes

• Other leafy or stem vegetables, fresh or chilled

01.1.7.2 Fruit-Bearing Vegetables, Fresh or Chilled (ND)

Includes:

• Chilies and peppers

• Cucumbers and gherkins

• Eggplants (aubergines)

• Tomatoes

• Pumpkins

• Squash and gourds

• Other fruit-bearing vegetables, fresh or chilled

01.1.7.3 Green Leguminous Vegetables, Fresh or Chilled (ND)

Includes:

• Beans

• Peas

• Broad beans and horse beans green

• Soya beans

• Other green leguminous vegetables, fresh or chilled

01.1.7.4 Other Vegetables, Fresh or Chilled (ND)

Includes:

• Carrots and turnips

• Garlic

• Onions

• Leeks and other alliaceous vegetables

• Other root, bulb, and tuberous vegetables, fresh or chilled

• Mushrooms and truffles

• Seaweeds and other aquatic plants

• Olives

• Other vegetables, fresh or chilled n.e.c.

• Mixtures of vegetables, fresh or chilled

01.1.7.5 Tubers, Plantains, and Cooking Bananas (ND)

Includes:

• All types of potatoes including sweet potatoes

• Cassava; manioc and yucca

• Yams

• Taro

• Yautia, also known as malanga, new cocoyam, ocumo, tannia

• Plantains and cooking bananas

Includes also:

• Arrowroots, lotus roots, salep, Jerusalem artichokes, topinambur, and Tacca

Excludes:

• Dessert bananas (01.1.6.1)

01.1.7.6 Pulses (ND)

Dried leguminous vegetables.

Includes:

• Common beans and other beans

• Broad beans and horse beans, also known as fava beans

• Chickpeas

• Lentil

• Peas

• Cowpeas

• Pigeon peas

• Bambara beans

• Mixtures of pulses

01.1.7.7 Other Vegetables, Tubers, Plantains, and Cooking Bananas, Dried and Dehydrated (ND)

Vegetables, other than leguminous, tubers, plantains, and cooking bananas dried and dehydrated.

Includes:

• Dried soybeans

• Dried potatoes

• Dehydrated garlic and onions

Excludes:

• Vegetable fours (01.1.7.9)

01.1.7.8 Vegetables, Tubers, Plantains, and Cooking Bananas, Frozen (ND)

Includes:

• Frozen vegetables in 01.1.7.1–01.1.7.4

• Frozen tubers

• Frozen plantains and cooking bananas

Excludes:

• Frozen preparations, such as frozen, chipped potatoes (01.1.7.9)

01.1.7.9 Vegetables, Tubers, Plantains, Cooking Bananas and Pulses Ground, and Other Preparations (ND)

Vegetables, tubers, plantains, cooking bananas, and pulses preparations, whether frozen or not.

Includes:

• Flours of vegetables, pulses, tubers, plantains, and cooking bananas

• Canned vegetables

• Preserved olives, vegetable fakes, vegetable purée, vegetable chips, and crisps

• Frozen, chipped potatoes

• Vegetable concentrates

• Homogenized preparations

• Vegetable pickles

Includes also:

• Soy meat and burgers, veggie burgers, tofu, tempeh, and other meat substitutes made from vegetables and nuts

• Kocho (fatbread made of plant stem)

• Potato starch, tapioca, sago, and other starches

Excludes:

• Ready-made vegetables prepared, frozen or not, including other ingredients, such as cheese or meat/fish; ready-made soups (01.1.9.1)

• Homogenized preparations as baby food (01.1.9.2)

• Culinary herbs and spices (01.1.9.4)

• Broths and stocks containing vegetables (01.1.9.9)

• Vegetable juices (01.2.1.0)

01.1.8 Sugar, Confectionery, and Desserts (ND)

01.1.8.1 Cane and Beet Sugar (ND)

Includes:

• Cane or beet sugar, raw or refined, powdered, crystallized or in lumps

01.1.8.2 Other Sugar and Sugar Substitutes (ND)

Includes:

• Sugar other than cane and beet (for example, coconut sugar)

• Stevia

• Glucose and glucose syrup; fructose and fructose syrup

• Lactose and lactose syrup

• Invert sugar

• Artificial honey, saccharin, and other artificial sweeteners

• Refined cane or beet sugar, in solid form, containing added favoring or coloring matter

• Maple sugar and maple syrup; caramel; molasses; sugars and sugar syrups n.e.c.

01.1.8.3 Jams, Fruit Jellies, Marmalades, Fruit Purée and Pastes, and Honey (ND)

Includes:

• Honey, jams, marmalades, compotes, jellies, and fruit purées and pastes

Includes also:

• Lemon curd and other fruit curd

01.1.8.4 Nut Purée, Nut Butter, and Nut Pastes (ND)

Includes:

• Peanut butter

• Other nut butter, such as almond butter, cashew butter, hazelnut butter, macadamia nut butter, pecan butter, pistachio butter, and walnut butter

01.1.8.5 Chocolate, Cocoa, and Cocoa-Based Food Products (ND)

Includes:

• Cocoa (including cocoa beans) and cocoa powder for all purposes

• Chocolate in bars or slabs, including white chocolate

• Chocolate and cocoa-based foods and cocoa-based dessert

• Chocolate and cocoa-based creams or spreads

• Chocolate-covered marshmallows and chocolate-covered jelly if the product is composed of a majority of chocolate

Excludes:

• Cocoa and chocolate-based drinks (01.2.4.0)

01.1.8.6 Ice, Ice Cream, and Sorbet (ND)

Includes:

• Ice cubes for drinks

• Ice cream and kulfi

• Sorbet

• Frozen yogurt

• Ice pop

Includes also:

• Tofu ice cream

Excludes:

• Ice for cooling (04.5.5.0)

01.1.8.9 Other Sugar Confectionery and Desserts N.E.C. (ND)

Includes:

• Desserts n.e.c.

• Vegetables, fruit, nuts, fruit peel, and other parts of plants, preserved by sugar

• Chewing gum, toffees, lollies, candies, and pastilles

• Other confectionary products

Excludes:

• Sugar confectionery based on cocoa and chocolate (01.1.8.5)

01.1.9 Ready-Made Food and Other Food Products N.E.C. (ND)

01.1.9.1 Ready-Made Food (ND)

Prepared food and meals that can be eaten as is or after heating but that do not require cooking. They contain mixed ingredients and can be fresh, frozen, or dehydrated/instant. They can include sauces and dressing which, especially when food is fresh, can be provided in separate bags. Disposable fork, knife, spoon, or chopsticks are sometimes also included in the package.

Includes:

• Precooked dishes containing stuffed pasta, rice, and other cereals, such as couscous dishes, including vegetables, meat, fish, cheese, or other ingredients; ready to eat dumplings, ravioli, noodles, and similar with sauce

• Ready-made meals and dishes based on precooked meat, meat substitutes, and fish

• TV dinners

• Composed salads and other prepared dishes and meals based on vegetables, pulses, and potatoes also including other ingredients, such as meat, fish, and cheese

• Sandwiches, pizzas, quiches, meat, or fish pies, frozen or not

• Omelets, crepes, and other food products based on eggs when precooked and served as a main dish

• Ready-made soups including dehydrated and instant soups and stews

• Other prepared ready-made dishes and meals n.e.c.

Excludes:

• Bread and bakery products (01.1.1.3)

• Macaroni, noodles, couscous, and similar pasta products uncooked, whether stuffed or not (01.1.1.5)

• Cheese (01.1.4.5) and yogurt (01.1.4.6)

• Cakes (0.1.1.1.3), ice cream (0.1.1.8.6), and other desserts n.e.c. (01.1.8.9)

• Frozen, chipped potatoes (01.1.7.9)

01.1.9.2 Baby Food (ND)

Food that is for baby use exclusively.

Includes:

• Baby formula (powdered, condensed, and evaporated milk for baby use)

• Baby rice cereals and four for baby meals

• Homogenized baby food

Excludes:

• Cereals and four not intended for baby use exclusively (01.1.1.1, 01.1.1.2)

• Powdered milk not intended for baby use exclusively (01.1.4.3)

• Yogurt for children (01.1.4.6)

• Homogenized fruit and vegetable preparations not intended for baby use exclusively (01.1.6.9; 0.1.1.7.9)

01.1.9.3 Salt, Condiments, and Sauces (ND)

Includes:

• Salt, sauces, condiments and seasonings (mustard, mayonnaise, ketchup, soy sauce, and so on), and vinegar

Includes also:

• Coconut milk for cooking

Excludes:

• Coconut milk drink (01.1.4.4)

• Fruit and vegetable pickles (01.1.7.9)

01.1.9.4 Spices, Culinary Herbs, and Seeds (ND)

Includes:

• Pepper, pimento, ginger, and other spices

• Parsley, rosemary, thyme, and other culinary herbs

• Poppy seed, sesame seed, linseed, and other seeds

Excludes:

• Vegetable oils (01.1.5.1)

• Seeds for plating (09.3.1.2)

01.1.9.9 Other Food Products N.E.C. (ND)

Includes:

• Sugar cane consumed for extracting juice or as a snack

• Prepared baking powders and yeasts, broth, stocks, bouillon cubes, soup bases, agar-agar, instant dessert preparations

• Nutritional supplements and fortified food products

01.2 Nonalcoholic Beverages

Nonalcoholic beverages purchased by the household, regardless of where these are consumed excluding beverages that are provided as part of a food and beverage serving service. (Division 11)

Includes:

• Beverages that do not contain any alcohol

Excludes:

• Nonalcoholic beverages for immediate consumption provided by a serving service (11.1.1)

• Milk (01.1.4.1, 01.1.4.2, 01.1.4.3, 01.1.4.4)

01.2.1 Fruit and Vegetable Juices (ND)

Includes:

• Fruit and vegetable juices unfermented and not containing added alcohol, whether or not containing added sugar or other sweetening matter

• Concentrated juices and frozen juices

• Powdered juices

Excludes:

• Sparkling juices (01.2.6.0)

01.2.1.0 Fruit and Vegetable Juices (ND)

Includes:

• Fruit and vegetable juices unfermented and not containing added alcohol, whether or not containing added sugar or other sweetening matter

• Concentrated juices and frozen juices

• Powdered juices

Excludes:

• Sparkling juices (01.2.6.0)

01.2.2 Coffee and Coffee Substitutes (ND)

Includes:

• Coffee, whether or not decaffeinated, roasted or ground, including instant coffee

• Coffee substitutes

• Extracts, essences, and concentrates of coffee

• Coffee-based beverage preparations

Includes also:

• Roasted chicory and other roasted coffee substitutes, and extracts, essences, and concentrates thereof

Excludes:

• Milk favored with coffee (01.1.4.7)

01.2.2.0 Coffee and Coffee Substitutes (ND)

Includes:

• Coffee, whether or not decaffeinated, roasted or ground, including instant coffee

• Coffee substitutes

• Extracts, essences, and concentrates of coffee

• Coffee-based beverage preparations

Includes also:

• Roasted chicory and other roasted coffee substitutes, and extracts, essences, and concentrates thereof

Excludes:

• Milk favored with coffee (01.1.4.7)

01.2.3 Tea, Maté, and Other Plant Products for Infusion (ND)

Includes:

• Green tea (not fermented), black tea (fermented) and partly fermented tea, maté, and other plant products for infusion

• Tea substitutes and extracts and essences of tea

Includes also:

• Fruit and herbal tea

• Rooibos tea

• Instant tea

• Iced tea

01.2.3.0 Tea, Maté, and Other Plant Products for Infusion (ND)

Includes:

• Green tea (not fermented), black tea (fermented) and partly fermented tea, maté, and other plant products for infusion

• Tea substitutes and extracts and essences of tea

Includes also:

• Fruit and herbal tea

• Rooibos tea

• Instant tea

• Iced tea

01.2.4 Cocoa Drinks (ND)

Includes:

• Cocoa and chocolate-based drinks

Excludes:

• Milk favored with chocolate or cacao (01.1.4.7)

• Cocoa powder for all purposes; chocolate in bars or slabs; cocoa-based food and cocoa-based dessert preparations (01.1.8.5)

01.2.4.0 Cocoa Drinks (ND)

Includes:

• Cocoa and chocolate-based drinks

Excludes:

• Milk favored with chocolate or cacao (01.1.4.7)

• Cocoa powder for all purposes; chocolate in bars or slabs; cocoa-based food and cocoa-based dessert preparations (01.1.8.5)

01.2.5 Water (ND)

Mineral or spring waters, still or sparkling, not added with other ingredients.

Excludes:

• Flavored water (01.2.9.0)

01.2.5.0 Water (ND)

Mineral or spring waters, still or sparkling, not added with other ingredients.

Excludes:

• Flavored water (01.2.9.0)

01.2.6 Soft Drinks (ND)

Includes:

• Soft drinks, such as sodas, lemonades, and colas

• Sparkling juices

Excludes:

• Sparkling water (01.2.5.0)

• Flavored water (01.2.9.0)

01.2.6.0 Soft Drinks (ND)

Includes:

• Soft drinks, such as sodas, lemonades, and colas

• Sparkling juices

Excludes:

• Sparkling water (01.2.5.0)

• Flavored water (01.2.9.0)

01.2.9 Other Nonalcoholic Beverages (ND)

Includes:

• Flavored water

• Energy drinks, energy supplement, and protein powder for drink preparation

• Birch juice and sap, aloe vera juice, and drinks

• Syrups and concentrates for the preparation of beverages

• Other nonalcoholic beverages

01.2.9.0 Other Nonalcoholic Beverages (ND)

Includes:

• Flavored water

• Energy drinks, energy supplement, and protein powder for drink preparation

• Birch juice and sap, aloe vera juice, and drinks

• Syrups and concentrates for the preparation of beverages

• Other nonalcoholic beverages

01.3 Services for Processing Primary Goods for Food and Nonalcoholic Beverages

Services purchased for the processing of primary products provided by households to produce food and nonalcoholic beverages for own final consumption by households.

01.3.0 Services for Processing Primary Goods for Food and Nonalcoholic Beverages (S)

Services purchased for the processing of primary products provided by households to produce food and nonalcoholic beverages for own final consumption by households.

Includes:

• Grinding of cereals for four production

• Oil pressing

• Fruit/vegetable crushing and pressing services for the production of juices

Excludes:

• Food processing for business purpose (not in the scope of COICOP)

• Fruit/vegetable crushing and pressing services for the production of alcoholic beverages (02.2.1.0)

01.3.0.0 Services for Processing Primary Goods for Food and Nonalcoholic Beverages (S)

Services purchased for the processing of primary products provided by households to produce food and nonalcoholic beverages for own final consumption by households.

Includes:

• Grinding of cereals for four production

• Oil pressing

• Fruit/vegetable crushing and pressing services for the production of juices

Excludes:

• Food processing for business purpose (not in the scope of COICOP)

• Fruit/vegetable crushing and pressing services for the production of alcoholic beverages (02.2.1.0)

02.1 Alcoholic Beverages

The beverages classified here include low or nonalcoholic beverages which generally contain some alcohol.

02.1.1 Spirits and Liquors (ND)

Includes:

• Eaux-de-vie, liqueurs, and other spirits with high alcohol content

• Mead

• Pomace brandy, such as pisco, grappa, marc, and so on

• Aperitifs other than wine-based aperitifs

Excludes:

• Wine-based aperitifs (02.1.2.1, 02.1.2.2)

02.1.1.0 Spirits and Liquors (ND)

Includes:

• Eaux-de-vie, liqueurs, and other spirits with high alcohol content

• Mead

• Pomace brandy, such as pisco, grappa, marc, and so on

• Aperitifs other than wine-based aperitifs

Excludes:

• Wine-based aperitifs (02.1.2.1, 02.1.2.2)

02.1.2 Wine (ND)

Includes:

• Wine, cider, and perry, including sake

• Wine-based aperitifs, fortified wines, champagne, and other sparkling wines

• Ice wine

• Low and nonalcoholic wine

• Wine-based aperitifs

02.1.2.1 Wine from Grapes (ND)

Includes:

• Wine from grapes

• Fortified wines, such as vermouth, sherry, port wine

• Champagne and other sparkling wines from grapes

• Ice wine

• Low and nonalcoholic wine

• Wine-based aperitifs

02.1.2.2 Wine from Other Sources (ND)

Includes:

• Cider and perry, including sake

02.1.3 Beer (ND)

Includes:

• All kinds of beer, such as ale, lager, stout, and porter

• Low-alcoholic beer and nonalcoholic beer

02.1.3.0 Beer (ND)

Includes:

• All kinds of beer, such as ale, lager, stout, and porter

• Low-alcoholic beer and nonalcoholic beer

02.1.9 Other Alcoholic Beverages (ND)

Includes:

• Mixed alcoholic-based drinks, such as soda water or mineral water-based mixed alcoholic drinks (alcopops)

• Shandy, cola beer, radler

02.1.9.0 Other Alcoholic Beverages (ND)

Includes:

• Mixed alcoholic-based drinks, such as soda water or mineral water-based mixed alcoholic drinks (alcopops)

• Shandy, cola beer, Radler

02.2 Alcohol Production Services

Services purchased for the processing of primary products provided by households to produce alcohol for own final consumption by households.

02.2.1 Alcohol Production Services (S)

Services purchased for the processing of primary products provided by households to produce alcohol for own final consumption by households.

Includes:

• Fruit/vegetable crushing and pressing services for the production of alcoholic beverages

• Distilling and fermentation services

• Brewing services

• Aging and bottling services

02.2.1.0 Alcohol Production Services (S)

Services purchased for the processing of primary products provided by households to produce alcohol for own final consumption by households.

Includes:

• Fruit/vegetable crushing and pressing services for the production of alcoholic beverages

• Distilling and fermentation services

• Brewing services

• Aging and bottling services

02.3 Tobacco

This group covers all purchases of tobacco and tobacco products by households, including purchases of tobacco in restaurants, cafés, bars, service stations, and so on due to these venues not adding value, or a service, to the tobacco products sold. The consumption of tobacco through shisha or hookah pipes in these venues, such as restaurants, cafés, or bars, is included in Division 11 as the venue does provide a service. Electronic cigarette refills are included in this group—even though they do not contain tobacco—as they are a substitute for smoking tobacco products.

02.3.0 Tobacco (ND)

Includes:

• Cigarettes, cigarette tobacco, and tobacco leaf

• Cigarette papers and single-use flters that are consumed with the cigarette

• Cigars, pipe tobacco, chewing tobacco or snuff

• Refills for electronic cigarettes with or without nicotine

• Tobacco that is consumed with a shisha or hookah pipes if consumed at home

• Tobacco that is purchased in bars and restaurants, provided that a service charge is not applied

Excludes:

• Tobacco that is consumed with a shisha or hookah pipes in restaurants, cafés, shisha lounges (11.1.1)

• Other smokers’ articles; electronic cigarette devices (13.2.9.1)

02.3.0.1 Cigarettes (ND)

Includes:

• Cigarettes

• Cigarettes that are purchased in bars and restaurants, provided that a service charge is not applied

02.3.0.2 Cigars (ND)

Includes:

• Cigars

02.3.0.9 Other Tobacco Products (ND)

Includes:

• Pipe tobacco, chewing tobacco, hookah blends, snus or snuff

• Cigarette tobacco and tobacco leaf

• Cigarette papers and single-use filters that are consumed with the cigarette

• Refills for electronic cigarettes with or without nicotine

• Tobacco that is consumed with a shisha or hookah pipes if consumed at home

Excludes:

• Tobacco that is consumed with a shisha or hookah pipes in restaurants, cafés, shisha lounges (11.1.1)

• Other smokers’ articles; electronic cigarette devices (13.2.9.1)

02.4 Narcotics

This group covers all narcotics purchased by households, both legal and illegal.

02.4.0 Narcotics (ND)

Includes:

• Marijuana, opium, cocaine, and their derivatives

• Other vegetable-based narcotics, such as cola nuts, kava, chat, betel leaves, psilocybin mushroom, and betel nuts

• Other narcotics including chemicals and man-made drugs

Excludes:

• Prepared joints and pipes containing marijuana, hashish or similar purchased in coffee shops for immediate consumption (11.1.1.1)

• Narcotics for medicinal purpose (06.1.1)

02.4.0.0 Narcotics (ND)

Includes:

• Marijuana, opium, cocaine, and their derivatives

• Other vegetable-based narcotics, such as cola nuts, kava, chat, betel leaves, psilocybin mushroom, and betel nuts

• Other narcotics including chemicals and man-made drugs

Excludes:

• Prepared joints and pipes containing marijuana, hashish or similar purchased in coffee shops for immediate consumption (11.1.1)

• Narcotics for medicinal purpose (06.1.1.1)

03.1 Clothing

The clothing classified in this group covers materials purchased to be transformed into clothing, garments and accessories, and services related to clothing.

Made-to-measure refers to the service of providing custom-fitted clothing when the retailer supplies all of the materials and is included in 03.1.2 Garments as the cost of the garment usually outweighs the cost of the service. Tailoring refers to creating clothing garments where the main material is supplied by the customer and is classified in 03.1.4. Cleaning, repair, tailoring, and hire of clothing as the service is the higher expenditure.

03.1.1 Clothing Materials (SD)

Includes:

• Clothing materials of natural fibers, of man-made fibers and of their mixtures

• Leather, fur, fusible webbing, wadding, and felt filling for making wearing apparel

Excludes:

• Furnishing fabrics (05.2.1.1)

03.1.1.0 Clothing Materials (SD)

Includes:

• Clothing materials of natural fibers, of man-made fibers, and of their mixtures

• Leather, fur, fusible webbing, wadding, and felt filling for making wearing apparel

Excludes:

• Furnishing fabrics (05.2.1.1)

03.1.2 Garments (SD)

Includes:

• Garments for men or boys, women or girls, and infants, either ready-to-wear or made-to-measure, in all materials (including leather, furs, plastics, and rubber), for everyday wear, for sport, or for work

• Capes, overcoats, raincoats, anoraks, parkas, blousons, jackets, trousers, waistcoats, suits, costumes, dresses, skirts, and so on

• Shirts, blouses, pullovers, sweaters, cardigans, shorts, swimsuits, tracksuits, jogging suits, sweatshirts, T-shirts, leotards, and so on

• Vests, underpants, socks, stockpiles, tights, petticoats, brassières, knickers, slips, girdles, corsets, body stockpiles, and so on

• Pajamas, nightshirts, nightdresses, housecoats, dressing gowns, bathrobes, and so on

• Traditional garments

Excludes:

• Tailoring services when the customer supplies the material (03.1.4.2)

• Articles of medical hosiery, such as elasticated stockpiles (06.1.2.2)

• Babies’ napkins (13.2.9.1)

03.1.2.1 Garments for Men or Boys (SD)

Includes:

• Garments for men or boys, either ready-to-wear or made-to-measure, in all materials (including leather, furs, plastics, and rubber), for everyday wear, for sport, or for work

• Capes, overcoats, raincoats, anoraks, parkas, jackets, trousers, waistcoats, suits, costumes, and so on

• Shirts, pullovers, sweaters, cardigans, shorts, swimsuits, tracksuits, jogging suits, sweatshirts, T-shirts, leotards, and so on

• Traditional garments

• Vests, underpants, socks, and so on

• Pajamas, dressing gowns, bathrobes, and so on

Excludes:

• Garments for infants (0 to under 2 years) (03.1.2.3)

• Tailoring services when the customer supplies the material (03.1.4.2)

03.1.2.2 Garments for Women or Girls (SD)

Includes:

• Garments for women or girls, either ready-to-wear or made-to-measure, in all materials (including leather, furs, plastics, and rubber), for everyday wear, for sport, or for work

• Capes, overcoats, raincoats, anoraks, parkas, blousons, jackets, trousers, waistcoats, suits, costumes, dresses, skirts, and so on

• Shirts, blouses, pullovers, sweaters, cardigans, shorts, swimsuits, tracksuits, jogging suits, sweatshirts, T-shirts, leotards, and so on

• Traditional garments

• Vests, underpants, socks, stockpiles, tights, petticoats, brassières, knickers, slips, girdles, corsets, body stockpiles, and so on

• Pajamas, nightshirts, nightdresses, housecoats, dressing gowns, bathrobes, and so on

Excludes:

• Garments for infants (0 to under 2 years) (03.1.2.3)

• Tailoring services when the customer supplies the material (03.1.4.2)

03.1.2.3 Garments for Infants (0 to under 2 Years) (SD)

Includes:

• Garments for infants and babies (0 to under 2 years), either ready-to-wear or made-to-measure, in all materials

• Raincoats, anoraks, parkas, blousons, jackets, trousers, waistcoats, suits, costumes, dresses, skirts, and so on

• Vests, underpants, socks, stockpiles, tights, and so on

• Pajamas, nightshirts, nightdresses, dressing gowns, bathrobes, and so on

Excludes:

• Tailoring services when the customer supplies the material (03.1.4.2)

03.1.2.4 School Uniforms (SD)

Includes:

• School uniforms

03.1.3 Other Articles of Clothing and Clothing Accessories (SD)

Includes:

• Ties, handkerchiefs, scarves, gloves, mittens, muffs, belts, braces, aprons, smocks, bibs, sleeve protectors, hats, caps, berets, bonnets, and so on

• Sewing threads, knitting yarns, and accessories for making clothing, such as buckles, buttons, press studs, zip fasteners, ribbons, laces, trimmings, and so on

Includes also:

• Working gloves

Excludes:

• Pins, safety pins, sewing needles, knitting needles, thimbles; rubber gloves and other articles made of rubber; gardening gloves (05.6.1.9)

• Protective headgear for sports; other protective gear for sports, such as life jackets, boxing and other sporting gloves, body padding, belts, supports, and so on (09.2.2.1)

• Paper handkerchiefs (13.1.2.0)

• Watches, jewelry, cuff links, tiepins (13.2.1.1)

• Walking sticks and canes, umbrellas and parasols, fans, and keyrings (13.2.9.1)

03.1.3.1 Other Articles of Clothing (SD)

Includes:

• Ties, handkerchiefs, scarves, gloves, mittens, muffs, belts, braces, aprons, smocks, bibs, sleeve protectors, hats, caps, berets, bonnets, and so on

Includes also:

• Working gloves

Excludes:

• Pins, safety pins, sewing needles, knitting needles, thimbles; rubber gloves and other articles made of rubber; and gardening gloves (05.6.1.9)

• Protective headgear for sports; other protective gear for sports, such as life jackets, boxing and other sporting gloves, body padding, belts, supports, and so on (09.2.2.1)

• Paper handkerchiefs (13.1.2.0)

• Watches, jewelry, cuff links, tiepins (13.2.1.1)

• Walking sticks and canes, umbrellas and parasols, fans, keyrings (13.2.9.1)

03.1.3.2 Clothing Accessories (SD)

Includes:

• Sewing threads, knitting yarns, and accessories for making clothing, such as buckles, buttons, press studs, zip fasteners, ribbons, laces, trimmings, and so on

03.1.4 Cleaning, Repair, Tailoring, and Hire of Clothing (S)

The cost of materials is included only if the materials are not separately invoiced.

Includes:

• Dry-cleaning, laundering, and dyeing of garments

• Darning, mending, repair, and altering of garments

• Tailoring services when the customer supplies the material

• Hire of garments

Excludes:

• Materials, threads, and other accessories purchased by households with the intention of undertaking the repairs themselves (03.1.1.0, 03.1.3.2)

• Made-to-measure clothing (03.1.2.1, 03.1.2.2, 03.1.2.3, 03.1.2.4)

• Repair of household linen and other household textiles (05.2.2.0)

• Dry-cleaning, laundering, dyeing and hire of household linen, and other household textiles (05.6.2.9)

03.1.4.1 Cleaning of Clothing (S)

Includes:

• Dry-cleaning, laundering, and dyeing of garments

Excludes:

• Dry-cleaning, laundering, dyeing, and hire of household linen, and other household textiles (05.6.2.9)

03.1.4.2 Repair, Tailoring, and Hire of Clothing (S)

The cost of materials is included only if the materials are not separately invoiced.

Includes:

• Darning, mending, repair, and altering of garments

• Tailoring services when the customer supplies the material

• Hire of garments

Excludes:

• Materials, threads, and other accessories purchased by households with the intention of undertaking the repairs themselves (03.1.1.0, 03.1.3.2)

• Made-to measure clothing (03.1.2.1, 03.1.2.2, 03.1.2.3, 03.1.2.4)

• Repair of household linen and other household textiles (05.2.2.0)

03.2 Footwear

This group covers all general footwear, split by footwear for men, footwear for women, and footwear for infants and children, and footwear-related services. Sport-specific footwear is classified in Division 09 Recreation and Culture.

03.2.1 Shoes and Other Footwear (SD)

Includes:

• All footwear for men, women, infants, and children either ready-to-wear or made-to-measure including sports footwear suitable for everyday or leisure wear (shoes for jogging, cross-training, tennis, basketball, boating, and so on)

• Gaiters and similar articles; shoelaces; parts of footwear, such as heels, soles, and so on, purchased by households with the intention of repairing footwear themselves

Excludes:

• Polishes, creams, and other shoe-cleaning articles (05.6.1.1)

• Orthopedic footwear (06.1.3.3)

• Game-specific footwear (ski boots, football boots, golfing shoes, and other such footwear fitted with ice skates, rollers, spikes, studs, and so on); shin guards, cricket pads, and other such protective apparel for sport (09.2.2.1)

03.2.1.1 Footwear for Men (SD)

Includes:

• All footwear for men either ready-to-wear or made-to-measure

Includes also:

• Gaiters and similar articles

• Shoelaces

• Parts of footwear, such as heels, soles, and so on, purchased by households with the intention of repairing footwear themselves

• Sports footwear suitable for everyday or leisure wear (shoes for jogging, cross-training, tennis, basketball, boating, and so on)

Excludes:

• Cleaning, repair, and hire of footwear (03.2.2.0)

• Polishes, creams, and other shoe-cleaning articles (05.6.1.1)

• Orthopedic footwear (06.1.3.3)

• Game-specific footwear (ski boots, football boots, golfing shoes, and other such footwear fitted with ice skates, rollers, spikes, studs, and so on); shin guards, cricket pads, and other such protective apparel for sport (09.2.2.1)

03.2.1.2 Footwear for Women (SD)

Includes:

• All footwear for women either ready-to-wear or made-to-measure

Includes also:

• Gaiters and similar articles

• Shoelaces

• Parts of footwear, such as heels, soles, and so on, purchased by households with the intention of repairing footwear themselves

• Sports footwear suitable for everyday or leisure wear (shoes for jogging, cross-training, tennis, basketball, boating, and so on)

Excludes:

• Cleaning, repair, and hire of footwear (03.2.2.0)

• Polishes, creams, and other shoe-cleaning articles (05.6.1.1)

• Orthopedic footwear (06.1.3.3)

• Game-specific footwear (ski boots, football boots, golfing shoes, and other such footwear fitted with ice skates, rollers, spikes, studs, and so on); shin guards, cricket pads, and other such protective apparel for sport (09.2.2.1)

03.2.1.3 Footwear for Infants and Children (SD)

Includes:

• All footwear for infants and children (under 13 years) either ready-to-wear or made-to-measure

Includes also:

• Gaiters and similar articles

• Shoelaces

• Parts of footwear, such as heels, soles, and so on, purchased by households with the intention of repairing footwear themselves

• Sports footwear suitable for everyday or leisure wear (shoes for jogging cross-training, tennis, basketball, boating, and so on)

• Baby’s booties made of fabric or sheepskin

Excludes:

• Cleaning, repair, and hire of footwear (03.2.2.0)

• Polishes, creams, and other shoe-cleaning articles (05.6.1.1)

• Orthopedic footwear (06.1.3.3)

• Game-specific footwear (ski boots, football boots, golfing shoes, and other such footwear fitted with ice skates, rollers, spikes, studs, and so on); shin guards, cricket pads, and other such protective apparel for sport (09.2.2.1)

03.2.2 Cleaning, Repair, and Hire of Footwear (S)

The cost of materials is included only if the materials are not separately invoiced.

Includes:

• Repair of footwear

• Shoe-cleaning services

• Dyeing of shoes

• Hire of footwear

Excludes:

• Parts of footwear, such as heels, soles, and so on, purchased by households with the intention of undertaking the repair themselves (03.2.1)

• Polishes, creams, and other shoe-cleaning articles (05.6.1.1)

• Hire and repair of game-specific footwear (ski boots, football boots, golfing shoes, and other such footwear fitted with ice skates, rollers, spikes, studs, and so on) (09.4.4.0)

03.2.2.0 Cleaning, Repair, and Hire of Footwear (S)

The cost of materials is included only if the materials are not separately invoiced.

Includes:

• Repair of footwear

• Shoe-cleaning services

• Dyeing of shoes

• Hire of footwear

Excludes:

• Parts of footwear, such as heels, soles, and so on, purchased by households with the intention of undertaking the repair themselves (03.2.1)

• Polishes, creams, and other shoe-cleaning articles (05.6.1.1)

• Hire and repair of game-specific footwear (ski boots, football boots, golfing shoes, and other such footwear fitted with ice skates, rollers, spikes, studs, and so on) (09.4.4.0)

04.1 Actual Rentals for Housing

Rentals normally include payment for the use of the land on which the property stands, the dwelling occupied, the fixtures and fittings for heating, plumbing, lighting, and so on, and, in the case of a dwelling let furnished, the furniture.

Rentals also include payment for the use of a garage to provide parking in connection with the dwelling.

The garage does not have to be physically contiguous to the dwelling, nor does it have to be leased from the same landlord.

Rentals do not include payment for the use of garages or parking spaces not providing parking in connection with the dwelling (07.2.4). Nor do they include charges for water supply (04.4.1), refuse collection (04.4.2), and sewage collection (04.4.3); coproprietor charges for caretaking, gardening, stairwell cleaning, heating and lighting, maintenance of lifts and refuse disposal chutes, and so on in multi-occupied buildings (04.4.4); charges for electricity (04.5.1) and gas (04.5.2); and charges for heating and hot water supplied by district heating plants (04.5.5).

Each household has a principal dwelling (sometimes also designated as main or primary home), usually defined with reference to time spent there, whose location defines the country of residence and place of usual residence of this household and of all its members. All other dwellings (owned or leased by the household) are considered secondary dwellings.

Includes:

• Rentals actually paid by tenants or subtenants occupying unfurnished or furnished premises as their main residence

Includes also:

• Payments by households occupying a room in a hotel or boarding house as their main residence

Excludes:

• Garage rentals to provide parking and storage in connection with the dwelling (04.1.2.2)

• Accommodation services of educational establishments and hostels (11.2.0.9)

• Retirement homes for elderly persons (13.3.0.2)

04.1.1 Actual Rentals Paid by Tenants for Main Residence (S)

Includes:

• Rentals actually paid by tenants or subtenants occupying unfurnished or furnished premises as their main residence

Includes also:

• Payments by households occupying a room in a hotel or boarding house as their main residence

Excludes:

• Garage rentals to provide parking and storage in connection with the dwelling (04.1.2.2)

• Accommodation services of educational establishments and hostels (11.2.0.9)

• Retirement homes for elderly persons (13.3.0.2)

04.1.1.0 Actual Rentals Paid by Tenants for Main Residence (S)

Includes:

• Rentals actually paid by tenants or subtenants occupying unfurnished or furnished premises as their main residence

Includes also:

• Payments by households occupying a room in a hotel or boarding house as their main residence

Excludes:

• Garage rentals to provide parking and storage in connection with the dwelling (04.1.2.2)

• Accommodation services of educational establishments and hostels (11.2.0.9)

• Retirement homes for elderly persons (13.3.0.2)

04.1.2 Other Actual Rentals (S)

Includes:

• Rentals actually paid for secondary residences

• Rentals of self-storage units

• Garage rentals

Excludes:

• Accommodation services of holiday villages and holiday centers (11.2.0.2)

04.1.2.1 Actual Rentals Paid by Tenants for Secondary Residences (S)

Includes:

• Rentals actually paid for secondary residences

Excludes:

• Accommodation services of holiday villages and holiday centers (11.2.0.2)

04.1.2.2 Garage Rentals and Other Rentals Paid by Tenants (S)

Rentals also include payment for the use of a garage to provide parking and storage in connection with the dwelling. The garage or storage does not have to be physically contiguous to the dwelling, nor does it have to be leased from the same landlord.

Includes:

• Garage rentals in connection with the dwelling

• Rentals of self-storage units

Excludes:

• Payment for the use of garages or parking spaces not providing parking in connection with the dwelling (07.2.4.1)

• (Long-term) storage of furniture and other personal effects (07.4.9.1)

04.2 Imputed Rentals for Housing

Persons who own the dwellings in which they live are treated as owning unincorporated enterprises that produce housing services that are consumed by the household to which the owner belongs. The housing services produced are deemed to be equal in value to the rentals that would be paid on the market for accommodation of the same size, quality, and type. The imputed values of the housing services are recorded as final consumption expenditures of the owners. Imputed rentals normally include value for the use of the land on which the property stands, the dwelling occupied, and the fixtures and fittings for heating, plumbing, lighting, and so on.

Imputed rentals also include the use of a garage to provide parking in connection with the dwelling. The garage does not have to be physically contiguous to the dwelling.

Imputed rentals do not include payment for the use of garages or parking spaces not providing parking in connection with the dwelling (07.2.4). Nor do they include charges for water supply (04.4.1), refuse collection (04.4.2), and sewage collection (04.4.3); coproprietor charges for care-taking, gardening, stairwell cleaning, heating and lighting, maintenance of lifts and refuse disposal chutes, and so on in multi-occupied buildings (04.4.4); charges for electricity (04.5.1) and gas (04.5.2); and charges for heating and hot water supplied by district heating plants (04.5.5).

04.2.1 Imputed Rentals of Owner-Occupiers for Main Residence (S)

Includes:

• Imputed rentals of owners occupying their main residence

04.2.1.0 Imputed Rentals of Owner-Occupiers for Main Residence (S)

Includes:

• Imputed rentals of owners occupying their main residence

04.2.2 Other Imputed Rentals (S)

Includes:

• Imputed rentals for secondary residences

• Imputed garage rentals in connection with the dwelling

• Imputed rentals of storage units

04.2.2.0 Other Imputed Rentals (S)

Includes:

• Imputed rentals for secondary residences

• Imputed garage rentals in connection with the dwelling

• Imputed rentals of storage units

04.3 Maintenance, Repair, and Security of the Dwelling

Maintenance and repair of dwellings are distinguished by two features: first, they are activities that have to be undertaken regularly in order to maintain the dwelling in good working order; second, they do not change the dwelling’s performance, capacity, or expected service life.

There are two types of maintenance and repair of dwellings: those which are minor, such as interior decoration and repairs to fittings, and which are commonly carried out by both tenants and owners; and those which are major, such as replastering walls or repairing roofs, and which are carried out by owners only.

Only expenditures which tenants and owner-occupiers incur on materials and services for minor maintenance and repair are part of individual consumption expenditure of households.

Expenditures which owner-occupiers incur on materials and services for major maintenance and repair are not part of individual consumption expenditure of households.

Purchases of materials made by tenants or owner-occupiers with the intention of undertaking the maintenance or repair themselves should be shown under (04.3.1). If tenants or owner-occupiers pay an enterprise to carry out the maintenance or repair, the total value of the service, including the costs of the materials used, should be shown under (04.3.2) unless the materials are separately invoiced.

04.3.1 Materials for the Maintenance and Repair of the Dwelling (ND)

Includes:

• Products and materials, such as paints and varnishes, renderings, wallpapers, fabric wall coverings, window panes, plaster, cement, putty, wallpaper pastes, and so on, purchased for minor maintenance and repair of the dwelling

• Small plumbing items (pipes, taps, joints, and so on), surfacing materials (floorboards, ceramic tiles, and so on) and brushes and scrapers for paint, varnish, and wallpaper

• Fitted carpets and linoleum

• Door fittings, power sockets, wiring flex

• Small equipment for surveillance/security for the individual dwelling

• Door phone for dwelling

• Fire extinguishers

Excludes:

• Hand tools (05.5.2.1)

• Lamp bulbs (05.5.2.2)

• Brooms, scrubbing brushes, dusting brushes, and cleaning products (05.6.1.1)

• Products, materials, and fixtures used for major maintenance and repair (intermediate consumption) or for extension and conversion of the dwelling (capital formation)

04.3.1.1 Materials for the Maintenance Repair of the Dwelling (ND)

Includes:

• Products and materials, such as paints and varnishes, renderings, wallpapers, fabric wall coverings, window panes, plaster, cement, putty, wallpaper pastes, and so on, purchased for minor maintenance and repair of the dwelling

• Small plumbing items (pipes, taps, joints, and so on), surfacing materials (floorboards, ceramic tiles, and so on) and brushes and scrapers for paint, varnish, and wallpaper

• Fitted carpets and linoleum

• Door fittings, power sockets, wiring flex

Excludes:

• Hand tools (05.5.2.1)

• Lamp bulbs (05.5.2.2)

• Brooms, scrubbing brushes, dusting brushes, and cleaning products (05.6.1.1)

• Products, materials, and fixtures used for major maintenance and repair (intermediate consumption) or for extension and conversion of the dwelling (capital formation)

04.3.1.2 Security Equipment (SD)

Includes:

• Small equipment for surveillance/security for the individual dwelling (smoke detector, security alarms, security/surveillance cameras)

• Door phone for dwelling

• Fire extinguishers

04.3.2 Services for the Maintenance, Repair, and Security of the Dwelling (S)

The cost of materials is included only if the materials are not separately invoiced.

Includes:

• Services of plumbers, electricians, carpenters, glaziers, painters, decorators, floor polishers, and so on engaged for minor maintenance and repair of the dwelling

• Locksmith services

• Service of laying fitted carpets and linoleum

• Security services

Excludes:

• Separate purchases of materials made by households with the intention of undertaking the maintenance or repair themselves (04.3.1.1)

• Locksmith services for cars (07.2.3.0)

• Bodyguards (13.9.0.9)

• Services engaged for major maintenance and repair (intermediate consumption) or for extension and conversion of the dwelling (capital formation)

04.3.2.0 Services for the Maintenance, Repair, and Security of the Dwelling (S)

The cost of materials is included only if the materials are not separately invoiced.

Includes:

• Services of plumbers, electricians, carpenters, glaziers, painters, decorators, floor polishers, and so on engaged for minor maintenance and repair of the dwelling

• Locksmith services

• Service of laying fitted carpets and linoleum

• Security services

Excludes:

• Separate purchases of materials made by households with the intention of undertaking the maintenance or repair themselves (04.3.1.1)

• Locksmith services for cars (07.2.3.0)

• Bodyguards (13.9.0.9)

• Services engaged for major maintenance and repair (intermediate consumption) or for extension and conversion of the dwelling (capital formation)

04.4 Water Supply and Miscellaneous Services Relating to the Dwelling

04.4.1 Water Supply (ND)

Includes:

• Water supply

Includes also:

• Associated expenditure, such as rental of meters, reading of meters, standing charges, and so on

Excludes:

• Drinking water sold in bottles or containers (01.2.5.0)

• Hot water or steam purchased from district heating plants (04.5.5.0)

04.4.1.1 Water Supply through Network Systems (ND)

Includes:

• All charges usually included in the bills paid by households, including meters installations and rentals, volumetric or fix charge for water consumption through mains, except steam, and hot water (on a fee and contract basis)

Includes also:

• Associated expenditure, such as rental of meters, reading of meters, standing charges, and so on

Excludes:

• Drinking water sold in bottles or containers (01.2.5.0)

• Hot water or steam purchased from district heating plants (04.5.5.0)

04.4.1.2 Water Supply through Basic Systems (ND)

Includes:

• Services paid at a public stand post/fountain and to a water vendor (for example, by tanker truck, cart)

Excludes:

• Drinking water sold in bottles or containers (01.2.5.0)

04.4.2 Refuse Collection (S)

Includes:

• Refuse collection and disposal

• Fees for recycling paid by households

04.4.2.0 Refuse Collection (S)

Includes:

• Refuse collection and disposal

• Fees for recycling paid by households

04.4.3 Sewage Collection (S)

Sewer systems, also known as sanitary sewer systems, are (most often) an underground carriage system (most usually waterborne) specifically for transporting sewage from houses and commercial buildings and industries, through pipes or other conduits to treatment facilities or disposal sites. They are part of an overall system called a sewerage or sewage system.

Sewage may be treated to reduce water pollution before discharge to surface waters. Sanitary sewers serving mixed urban agglomerations (including commercial and industrial areas) carry “municipal wastewater” which comprises a mix from all sources including in some cases, surface runoff, and stormwater.

“Separate” sewer systems are designed to transport sewage alone. In municipalities served by sewers, separate storm drains may convey surface runoff directly to surface waters. “Separate” sewers are distinguished from “combined sewers,” which combine sewage with stormwater runoff in the same conduit. Sanitary sewer systems are often preferred because they avoid the production of large volumes of combined wastewater flows. However, in certain circumstances, they may be preferred and reduce costs.

Basic sanitation systems are improved sanitation facilities where excreta are contained or disposed of onsite. These are generally where fecal (and other) material is collected in a pit or septic tanks or are composting toilets. Their purpose is to hygienically separate human excreta from human contact.

Includes:

• Sewage collection, emptying cesspools and disposal

04.4.3.1 Sewage Collection through Sewer Systems (S)

Includes:

• Services paid to the sanitation or water provider or municipality for the collection, transport, and disposal of sewage through sewer systems

04.4.3.2 Sewage Collection through Basic Sanitation Systems (S)

Includes:

• Services paid to empty and evacuate liquid waste (excreta and wastewater) from onsite

• Sanitation systems (pit latrines, septic tanks, and soak pits) and clean them

• Payments for using communal/commercial collective toilets

04.4.4 Other Services Relating to the Dwelling N.E.C. (S)

Includes:

• Coproprietor charges for caretaking, gardening, stairwell cleaning, heating and lighting, maintenance of lifts and refuse disposal chutes, pool cleaning, and so on in multi-occupied buildings

• Road and sidewalk cleaning and chimney sweeping

• Measuring background radiation and content of harmful substances in dwellings

• Landscaping and cleaning of grounds surrounding the dwelling

• Snow removal

Excludes:

• Household services, such as window cleaning, disinfecting, fumigation, and pest extermination (05.6.2.9)

• Bodyguards (13.9.0.9)

04.4.4.1 Maintenance Charges in Multi-Occupied Buildings (S)

Includes:

• Coproprietor charges for caretaking, gardening, stairwell cleaning, heating and lighting, maintenance of lifts and refuse disposal chutes, pool cleaning, and so on, in multi-occupied buildings

Excludes:

• Household services, such as window cleaning, disinfecting, fumigation, and pest extermination (05.6.2.9)

• Bodyguards (13.9.0.9)

04.4.4.9 Other Services Related to Dwelling (S)

Includes:

• Road and sidewalk cleaning and chimney sweeping

• Measuring background radiation and content of harmful substances in dwellings

• Landscaping and cleaning of grounds surrounding the dwelling

• Snow removal

04.5 Electricity, Gas, and Other Fuels

04.5.1 Electricity (ND)

Includes:

• Electricity from all sources (coal, solar, hydro, and so on)

Includes also:

• Associated expenditure, such as rental of meters, reading of meters, standing charges, and so on

• Charges for self-produced energy (in some countries, households producing more electricity than what they consume are charged storage costs if they feed the surplus electricity back into the electricity supply grid)

04.5.1.0 Electricity (ND)

Includes:

• Electricity from all sources (coal, solar, hydro, and so on)

Includes also:

• Associated expenditure, such as rental of meters, reading of meters, standing charges, and so on

• Charges for self-produced energy (in some countries, households producing more electricity than what they consume are charged storage costs if they feed the surplus electricity back into the electricity supply grid)

04.5.2 Gas (ND)

Includes:

• Town gas and natural gas

• Liquefied hydrocarbons (butane, propane, and so on)

Includes also:

• Associated expenditure, such as rental of meters, reading of meters, rental or purchase of storage containers, standing charges, and so on

04.5.2.1 Natural Gas through Networks (ND)

Includes:

• Natural gas and town gas delivered through gas networks

• Associated expenditure, such as rental of meters, reading of meters, standing charges, and so on

04.5.2.2 Liquefied Hydrocarbons (ND)

Includes:

• Liquefied hydrocarbons (butane, propane, and so on) delivered in storage containers

• Associated expenditure, such as rental or purchase of storage containers, standing charges, and so on

Excludes:

• Delivery fees of liquefied hydrocarbons (butane, propane, and so on) when charged separately (07.4.9.2)

• Camping gas in cylinder less than 50 kilograms (09.2.2.2)

04.5.3 Liquid Fuels (ND)

Includes:

• Domestic heating, lighting, and cooking fuel oils

• Biofuels for domestic use

• Alcohol for fireplaces

Excludes:

• Liquid fuels for transportation (07.2.2.1, 07.2.2.2, 07.2.2.3)