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Abstract

IMF economists work closely with member countries on a variety of issues. Their unique perspective on country experiences and best practices on global macroeconomic issues are often shared in the form of books on diverse topics such as cross-country comparisons, capacity building, macroeconomic policy, financial integration, and globalization.

Appendices

Appendix A: Executive Directors and Alternates

Table A–1.

Appointed Executive Directors and Their Alternates Article XII, Section 3(b)(i) 1946–68

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Alternate Executive Directors (shown in italic type) are always appointed by the Executive Director.

Dates are given in the following order: month/day/year.

Executive Directors were appointed by China until 1960, when Germany replaced China as a member qualified to appoint an Executive Director.

Did not come to Washington.

Table A–2.

Elected Executive Directors and Their Alternates Article XII, Section 3(b)(iii) 1946–68

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Alternate Executive Directors (shown in italic type) are always appointed by the Executive Director.

Dates are given in the following order: month/day/year.

Executive Directors were appointed by China until 1960, when Germany replaced China as a member qualified to appoint an Executive Director.

In 1958 Mr. Rasminsky was appointed by Canada under the terms of Article XII, Section 3(b)(ii).

Ireland, which was eligible to vote in the 1958 Regular Election of Executive Directors, abstained, but its interests were represented during that term by the Executive Director appointed by Canada.

Did not come to Washington.

Czechoslovakia did not participate in the 1950 Regular Election of Executive Directors, was declared ineligible to use the Fund’s resources on November 4, 1953, and ceased to be a member of the Fund on December 31, 1954.

Poland withdrew from the Fund, effective March 14, 1950.

Mr. Gutt was elected Managing Director at the first Executive Board meeting, on May 6, 1946.

Interim election.

In 1968 Mr. Palamenghi-Crispi was appointed by Italy under the terms of Article XII, Section 3(b)(ii).

Greece, Malta, Portugal, and Spain, which were eligible to vote in the 1968 Regular Election of Executive Directors, abstained, but asked that their interests be represented by the Executive Director appointed by Italy.

In 1960 Germany replaced China as a member qualified to appoint an Executive Director.

Indonesia withdrew from the Fund, effective August 17, 1965, and rejoined on February 21, 1967.

The Fund was notified in September 1963 of the change of name from Malaya to Malaysia. Malaysia, though eligible to participate in the 1964 Regular Election of Executive Directors, abstained from voting in that election and was looked after specifically by Mr. Nikoi, then the Alternate Executive Director from Ghana and later to be elected to take the seat vacated by the Executive Director from Indonesia.

Table A–3.

Elected Executive Directors and Their Alternates Article XII, Section 3(b)(iv) 1946–68

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Alternate Executive Directors (shown in italic type) are always appointed by the Executive Director.

All dates are given in the following order: month/day/year.

Cuba withdrew from the Fund, effective April 2, 1964.

Appendix B: Staff and Offices

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Headquarters Organization 1946–1968

1 The position of Deputy Managing Director was established in February 1949.2 From 1947 to 1950 the Director of this Office was entitled Administrative Assistant to the Managing Director.3 Function retained after 1952 as part of the Office of the Managing Director.4 Treasurer’s was a Department until May 1956, and an Office until 1964.5 In May 1965 Exchange Restrictions became Exchange and Trade Relations. The work of ER in the area of exchange restrictions had diminished; however, new responsibilities appropriately centered in the Department had developed.6 Originally established as part of the Office of the Managing Director.7 The Training Program originated in 1950 as part of the Office of Administration, and subsequently came under the Office of the Managing Director.

Departments and Offices 1946-December 31, 1968

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Overseas Offices

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Authorized 12/48 but not opened until 7/49.

Established on a provisional basis in 10/65 with Mr. Jones in charge.

Temporarily at Brussels 5/48 to 7/48 with Mr. Triffin in charge.

Office Buildings, Washington

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April to June.

October.

Indexes

Index A. Subjects

References in this index are in general arranged in alphabetical order of subject within each main heading. There are three exceptions to this: (1) References to the subjects in the first five chapters (through Bretton Woods) are frequently grouped together as “prehistory” at the beginning of each entry. (2) In certain main headings where chronological order is of importance, the subjects within that heading are listed in the order in which they first appear in this volume; these headings are marked with a dagger (†). (3) Where a number of countries appear among the subjects, they are listed first.

References are to pages; page numbers marked with an asterisk (*) are references to tables, and references including the letter n are to footnotes.

A

ACCEPTABILTY OF CURRENCY see FUND’S RESOURCES, USE OF, POLICY.

ADMINISTRATON: prehistory, 24, 29, 36, 47;

  • and see STAFF, ORGANIZATION OF.

ALTERNATE EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS see EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS, ALTERNATE.

AMSTERDAM: suggested location for Fund, 87.

ANGLO-AMERICAN FINANCIAL AGREEMENT: 53, 64, 116, 123, 187, 194.

†ANNUAL MEETINGS: Inaugural (1946), 121-35, 137, 164, 470;

  • 1st (1946), 125, 152, 155, 161-62;

  • 2nd (1947), 162, 194-95, 196;

  • 3rd (1948), 195, 206, 222, 231, 440;

  • 4th (1949), 238, 255-56;

  • 5th (1950), 258, 268, 280, 295;

  • 6th (1951), 258, 260n, 265, 269-70, 281-82, 296;

  • 7th (1952), 304, 306-307, 316-17, 336, 337, 339, 340, 349;

  • 8th (1953), 307, 339, 341, 351, 354;

  • 9th (1954), 339, 355, 362n, 363, 386, 398, 440;

  • 10th (1955), 339, 394, 396, 401;

  • 11th (1956), 396-97, 401, 426, 438-39;

  • 12th (1957), 425, 434, 438, 441-43, 446-47;

  • 13th (1958), 443, 448, 464;

  • 14th (1959), 443, 468, 477;

  • 15th (1960), 474-76, 481, 492;

  • 16th (1961), 474, 492, 509-10;

  • 17th (1962), 477, 498, 499-500, 541;

  • 18th (1963), 499, 543, 564, 589;

  • 19th (1964), 500, 550, 558, 567, 578, 590, 593;

  • 20th (1965), 567, 588, 591, 594-95;

  • 23rd (1968), 609, 614;

  • organization of, 307, 342, 499-500;

  • simultaneous interpretation, 307, 474-75;

  • place of, 339;

  • review of, by Executive Directors, 500

†ANNUAL MEETINGS, COMMITTEES: Inaugural (1946), 125, 127, 129-35;

  • 1st (1946), 155, 162;

  • 4th (1949), 255;

  • 5th (1950), 268, 280, 295;

  • 6th (1951), 269;

  • 7th (1952), 304, 340;

  • 8th (1953), 341;

  • 9th (1954), 363;

  • 10th (1955), 396;

  • 17th (1962), 500.

†ANNUAL MEETINGS, SYMPOSIA: Discussion Groups (1949), 238;

  • World Payments Situation (1952), 307;

  • Revival of Monetary Policy (1953), 307;

  • Methods of Monetary Analysis (1956), 396;

  • Current Problems of Credit and Fiscal Policy (1957), 442.

†ANNUAL REPORT OF EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS: 1st (1946), 160-61, 238, 242n;

  • 2nd (1947), 194-95;

  • 3rd (1948), 185, 211-12, 221-22, 234, 236;

  • 4th (1949), 236, 238;

  • 5th (1950), 268, 272, 295;

  • 6th (1951), 265, 268-69, 272, 275, 281, 295;

  • 8th (1953), 318;

  • 9th (1954), 397;

  • 10th (1955), 397, 401, 415, 422;

  • 11th (1956), 402, 415;

  • 12th (1957), 415, 423, 441;

  • 13th (1958), 415n;

  • 14th (1959), 415, 420n, 468, 477, 524;

  • 15th (1960), 420n, 481, 491-92;

  • 16th (1961), 420n, 492, 509, 565;

  • 17th (1962), 420n, 541;

  • 18th (1963), 420n, 541-43, 556, 565;

  • 19th (1964), 420n, 553, 556, 567-68, 575-77, 589-90, 592-93;

  • 20th (1965), 420n, 553, 556, 584, 591-93;

  • 21st (1966), 420n, 536;

  • 23rd (1968), 587, 605-608;

  • to be made by Directors, 121, 160;

  • translation of, 556, 558.

ANNUAL REPORT ON EXCHANGE RESTRICTONS: 265, 310, 318, 319, 399, 468, 555-56;

  • and see INDEX F.

†ARTICLES OF AGREEMENT: drafted, 93-110;

  • summary of, 111-13;

  • defects of, 111, 224, 599;

  • entry into force, 117;

  • proposed amendment, 605-608;

  • and see INDEX D.

ATLANTIC CHARTER: 15.

ATLANTIC CITY CONFERENCE: 72, 79-88, 93-94, 102-105, 108.

AUDIT COMMITTEE: 343-44.

AUTOMATICITY OF DRAWING RIGHTS sec FUND’S RESOURCES, USE OF, POLICY.

B

BALANCE OF PAYMENTS: concepts, 345-47, 545-46;

  • conferences, 199, 346, 396-97, 545-46;

  • forecasts, 344-45;

  • Manual, 199, 397;

  • statistics, 24, 147, 174, 344-47, 545;

  • Yearbook, 199, 346-47.

BANCOR: 18-19, 28, 51.

BANK FOR INTERNATIONAL SETTLEMENTS: 7, 215, 378, 483, 590-91, 610.

BASLE AGREEMENT: 483, 610.

BILATERAL ARRANGEMENTS: 7-8, 399-400, 468-69, 487, 516, 518.

BLOCKED BALANCES: 23, 26, 36, 38, 48, 52-53, 83, 85, 94, 104-105.

BORROWING BY FUND see FUND’S RESOURCES, REPLENISHMENT OF, and GENERAL ARRANGEMENTS TO BORROW.

BRETTON WOODS CONFERENCE: 80, 88-113, 171.

BRITISH COMMONWEALTH MONETARY AND FINANCIAL CONFERENCE: 448.

BY-LAWS OF FUND: 121, 124, 130, 134, 150, 160, 166, 167, 343.

C

CANADIAN PLAN: 37-39, 131.

CAPITAL MOVEMENTS, CONTROL OF, see EXCHANGE CONTROL.

CENTRAL BANKING SERVICE see STAFF, ORGANIZATION OF.

CFP FRANC: 240.

CHARGES see FUND’S RESOURCES, USE OF, CHARGES.

CLEARING UNION see KEYNES PLAN.

COMMODITY STANDARD: 385.

COMMUNICATIONS TARIFFS: 266-67.

COMPENSATORY FINANCING OF EXPORT FLUCTUATIONS: 531-36, 539, 546, 574, 585-86, 599, 612-13.

COMPOSITE RESERVE UNIT: 592.

COMPUTERS: 537, 546, 604.

CONSORTIUM FOR AID TO INDIA: 444-45, 472.

CONSULTATIONS: held (1952), 313-16, 319-21;

  • held (1954 and 1955), 408-12;

  • held (1956-57), 427-28;

  • held (1957-59), 444;

  • preparations for, 176, 301, 312;

  • procedure, 312-13, 320-21, 409, 472-73, 598, 600-601;

  • related to GATT, 292;

  • reports released, 352, 558;

  • with Article VIII countries, 409, 479-82, 598.

CONTRIBUTIONS TO FUND see SUBSCRIPTIONS.

CONVERTIBILITY: prehistory, 64, 83, 104-105, 112, 477;

  • accepted by members, 163, 258, 312-13, 338, 356, 481-82, 502, 598;

  • Fund’s power to deem currency convertible, 398-99, 453;

  • importance of a par value, 480;

  • nonresident convertibility, 454, 466-67;

  • obligations defined, 477-81;

  • progress toward, 354, 397-402, 466-69, 477-81, 598.

CREDITOR COUNTRIES, PROVISIONS FOR: prehistory, 19, 35, 39-40, 49-50, 82.

CROSS RATES see EXCHANGE RATES.

CURRENCIES TO BE USED IN DRAWINGS see FUND’S RESOURCES, USE OF, SELECTION OF CURRENCIES.

CURRENCY UNION see KEYNES PLAN.

D

DEBT RENEGOTIATION: 553-54.

DEBTOR COUNTRIES, PROVISIONS FOR: prehistory, 19, 35, 39-40, 49.

DEPOSITORIES: 87, 159, 233-34.

DEPUTY MANAGING DIRECTOR: functions of, 232;

  • Mr. Cochran, 302, 477, 496;

  • Mr. Overby, 232, 302;

  • Mr. Southard, 232, 496.

DEVALUATION see EXCHANGE RATES, CHANGES IN.

DIRECTORS, BOARD OF, see EXECUTIVE BOARD and EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS.

DISCRIMINATORY RESTRICTIONS see EXCHANGE RESTRICTIONS.

DISTRIBUTION OF NET INCOME: 608-609.

DOCUMENTS, RELEASE OF: 352, 558.

DOLLAR SHORTAGE: 193, 200, 310, 383-84, 469.

DRAWING RIGHTS see FUND’S RESOURCES, USE OF, POLICY;

  • as part of reserves, see SUBSCRIPTIONS.

E

ECOSOC see UN ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COUNCIL.

EUROPEAN MULTILATERAL SETTLEMENTS: 214-17, 220-21, 264.

EUROPEAN PAYMENTS UNION: 288-90, 327-28, 351.

EUROPEAN RECOVERY PROGRAM: 194, 212-23;

  • “ERP Decision,” 192, 217-20, 226-27, 243, 246, 290, 326, 599.

EXCHANGE CONTROL: prehistory, 4, 20, 22, 24, 29, 40, 49-51;

  • by Canada, 273;

  • by Mexico, 228, 380;

  • advance import deposits, 571;

  • capital transfers, 228, 380, 403-404, 482, 504;

  • Fund’s responsibility to ITO, 174;

  • Rules and Regulations, 152-53;

  • transport insurance, 406-407;

  • and see EXCHANGE RESTRICTIONS.

EXCHANGE RATES: prehistory, 6, 8-9, 19-20, 22-23, 27, 28-29, 34-35, 38, 46-47, 81-85, 100, 139;

  • for paper money and coin, 209;

  • permissible margins, 353-55, 469-70, 482, 504;

  • vis-à-vis ITO, 174;

  • and see following headings.

EXCHANGE RATES, CHANGES IN: prehistory, 6, 8, 9, 19-20, 28-29, 34-35, 38, 39-40, 46-47, 61-62, 78, 81-83, 100-101, 597;

  • appropriate extent indeterminable, 203;

  • before initial par value, 157;

  • effected, 200-209, 234-42, 337, 359, 378-83, 435, 482-83, 496, 501-502;

  • Fund’s role, 201-204, 206, 212, 236, 241-42, 359-60, 501-502;

  • need for, 173, 211-12, 218, 234-37;

  • procedure, 133-34, 235-42, 383, 501-502.

EXCHANGE RATES, CROSS RATES: 200-201, 204, 309-10, 349.

EXCHANGE RATES, DISCRIMINATORY ASPECTS see EXCHANGE RESTRICTIONS.

EXCHANGE RATES, FLUCTUATING: Belgium, 240-41, 272;

  • Brazil, 405-406;

  • Canada, 273-74, 487, 501-502;

  • China, 209;

  • Italy, 204;

  • Mexico, 228;

  • Fund’s views, 204, 272-75, 353-55, 406, 597-98;

  • proposed for sterling, 353-55;

  • terms for Fund transactions, 376, 413, 487, 512.

EXCHANGE RATES, MULTIPLE CURRENCY PRACTICES: Belgium, 406;

  • Brazil, 406;

  • Chile, 207-208;

  • Cuba, 482;

  • France, 200-206, 412;

  • Germany, 482;

  • Mexico, 227-28;

  • United Kingdom, 405;

  • Venezuela, 155;

  • circular letter (Dec. 19, 1947), 177-79;

  • control of capital movements, 403-404, 482;

  • external convertibility, 469-70;

  • Fund’s functions, 175-79, 200-204, 207-209, 271-72, 310, 313-15, 405-408, 435-38, 470, 597;

  • lapse of time procedure, 272, 407-408, 473;

  • model system suggested, 271-72;

  • review of (1957), 435-38;

  • uses of, 177, 271-72.

EXCHANGE RATES, PAR VALUES: prehistory, 46, 81-82, 100, 110;

  • established, 156, 196-97, 337, 350, 380, 435, 466, 482, 496, 501-502;

  • Fund policy on, 153-55, 274, 563-64, 597;

  • importance of, 274, 480, 563-64, 597.

EXCHANGE RESTRICTIONS: prehistory, 59, 84, 598;

  • definition of, 310-12, 479, 480;

  • exchange surcharges vs. tariffs, 308-309;

  • for security reasons, 275-76, 363;

  • Fund’s views and jurisdiction, 172-75, 249-50, 265, 319, 407, 467, 479;

  • retention quotas, 315-18, 411-12.

EXCHANGE RESTRICTIONS, DISCRIMINATORY ASPECTS: prehistory, 15, 27;

  • Argentina (Paris Club), 407;

  • Brazil (Hague Club), 407;

  • Europe, 315-18;

  • France, 201-203, 205;

  • Italy, 204;

  • South Africa, 250;

  • capital transactions, 403-404;

  • convertibility, 306, 468;

  • Fund decision, 469;

  • survey of, 402, 468-69;

  • and see STERLING AREA.

EXCHANGE TRANSACTIONS see FUND TRANSACTIONS.

EXECUTIVE BOARD: prehistory, 24, 47, 105-107;

  • first meeting, 125, 137;

  • provision for expansion, 127;

  • simultaneous interpretation, 603;

  • and see EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS.

EXECUTIVE BOARD COMMITTEES: Ad Hoc on International Payments Situation, 236-41;

  • External Sales of Gold, 180-84;

  • Interpretation, 165-66, 169, 270, 284, 311, 366-67, 403-404;

  • Investment of Fund Assets, 304-306;

  • Liaison with ITO, 175;

  • Membership, 149-50;

  • Net Official Holdings, 198;

  • of the Whole on Review of Quotas, 267-68, 389-91, 451-52, 578-84;

  • Quota for Ethiopia, 338;

  • Spreads and Multiple Currency Practices, 176-79.

EXECUTIVE BOARD DECISIONS see INDEX E.

EXECUTIVE BOARD PROCEDURES: decisions those of Board as a whole, 318;

  • informal sessions, 259, 575, 600;

  • lapse of time decisions, 209, 272, 407-408, 473, 600;

  • meetings arranged, 143-44;

  • right of appeal to Governors, 166;

  • simultaneous interpretation, 603;

  • and see CONSULTATIONS.

EXECUTIVE BOARD, RELATIONS WITH STAFF: 144, 197-98, 263-64, 391-93, 424, 444-45, 470-73, 588, 600-601.

EXECUTIVE BOARD VOTES: 157, 165-66, 241, 249-50, 285, 289, 291, 294, 315, 323, 361, 363, 372, 462, 527;

  • and see VOTING PROVISIONS.

EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS: prehistory, 27, 36, 47, 105-107, 113;

  • difficulties re EPU, 289;

  • difficulties re GAB, 511-12;

  • difficulties re international liquidity, 588;

  • join staff, 232, 259;

  • missions, 186, 198;

  • qualifications, 138, 615-16;

  • and see following entries and APPENDIX A and INDEX B.

EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS, ALTERNATE: 106-107, 134, 167, 197, 337, 357;

EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS, APPOINTMENT OF: appointees, 125, 138, 164, 232, 259, 302, 356-57, 387, 427, 444, 476, 498, 499, 550-51, 603;

  • provisions for, 106, 127, 148, 259-60, 444.

EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS’ DUTIES: prehistory, 74, 86-87, 107, 131;

  • at Savannah, 121, 123, 130-34, 397, 470;

  • described, 138-44, 197-98, 264, 470-73, 600-601;

  • differing views on, 167, 397;

  • elected Directors’ problems, 436, 464.

EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS, ELECTION OF: 106, 127-29, 138, 164-66, 197, 231-32, 259, 302, 336-37, 356, 386-87, 426-27, 443-44, 475, 498-99, 550-51, 603.

EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS, NUMBER OF: 106, 127, 164-66, 195, 197, 302, 427, 443, 498, 550.

F

FEDERAL RESERVE BOARD PLAN: 39-40.

FINANCIAL AND FISCAL YEARS OF FUND: 125, 168.

FINANCIAL POSITION OF FUND: 104, 230, 303-304, 429, 462-66, 485-86;

  • General Reserve, 464-65, 486;

  • Special Reserve, 463, 465-66, 486;

  • and see INVESTMENT BY FUND.

FLUCTUATING EXCHANGE RATES see EXCHANGE RATES, FLUCTUATING.

FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION: 89, 170-71, 383-85.

FRENCH PLAN: 37.

FUNDAMENTAL DISEQUILIBRIUM: 23, 127, 139, 202, 244, 246.

FUND’S ACCOUNTS: 527-28;

  • and see AUDIT COMMITTEE.

FUND’S POWERS, LIMITS TO: 176, 187, 224.

FUND’S PURPOSES AND ROLE: 85, 93, 111, 194, 225, 241-42, 250-51, 281, 447-48, 491, 596-601, 603.

FUND’S RESOURCES, ACCESS TO, AS PART OF RESERVES see SUBSCRIPTIONS.

FUND’S RESOURCES, INELIGIBILITY TO USE: Bolivia, 433;

  • Cuba, 549;

  • Czechoslovakia, 361;

  • France, 202, 309, 350, 412;

  • Fund’s powers, 187-89, 224-25, 278, 361;

  • new members, 349-51, 562-64;

  • weighted voting, 367-68.

FUND’S RESOURCES, PROPOSALS TO SUPPLEMENT: 287-88, 507-16;

  • and see GENERAL ARRANGEMENTS TO BORROW and QUOTAS.

FUND’S RESOURCES, REPLENISHMENT OF: prehistory, 23, 36;

  • desirability of, 464-66, 507-509, 567-68;

  • quota increases, 579, 582-85;

  • undertaken, 433-34, 487, 568-69, 584, 596-97, 611.

FUND’S RESOURCES, USE MADE OF, see FUND TRANSACTIONS.

FUND’S RESOURCES, USE OF, CHARGES: prehistory, 19, 23, 44, 84, 86, 103-104;

  • after consultation point, 457-58, 528-30;

  • Cuba, 529, 549;

  • date when payable, 372;

  • for stand-by arrangements, 329-30, 371, 459-60, 527-30;

  • LIFO applied, 462;

  • on drawings above 200 per cent of quota, 527;

  • on Fund’s holdings, 103, 229, 277;

  • on reconstituted drawing rights, 458-59;

  • payable partly in currency, 104, 188, 478;

  • reduction suggested, 421;

  • refunds, 460, 528;

  • relation to money market rates, 371-72, 417, 461, 527, 562;

  • retroactive effect suggested, 462;

  • revised (1951), 321-23, 322*;

  • revised (1954), 371-72, 417, 457, 459, 462, 528-29;

  • revised (1963), 527-30, 562;

  • service charge, 103, 229, 243, 321, 608;

  • Special Drawing Rights, 607.

FUND’S RESOURCES, USE OF, FOR CAPITAL TRANSACTIONS: prehistory, 62-63, 86, 104;

  • by Mexico, 228;

  • discussed, 503-506, 509;

  • super gold tranche, 86, 104, 520;

  • U.S. request for interpretation, 115, 148-49, 503.

FUND’S RESOURCES, USE OF, INCONVERTIBLE CURRENCIES: 327-28, 333, 449, 452-54, 452*, 466, 487.

†FUND’S RESOURCES, USE OF, POLICY: prehistory, 18-20, 22-23, 35, 38, 39, 43-44, 59, 62, 67-77, 83-86, 101-102, 113;

  • Fund’s power to challenge representations, 72, 151-52, 189, 217, 223-26;

  • gold tranche drawings, 101, 104, 192, 216, 323-25, 461, 489, 564-67, 599, 608;

  • waiver, 101-102, 347, 364-66, 412, 434, 450, 524-25;

  • automaticity, 151-52, 189, 223, 242, 244-46, 276, 280-82, 330, 366, 599;

  • Rules and Regulations, 151, 188, 190;

  • discussed, 161, 187-92, 217-20, 223-26, 276-82;

  • temporary use emphasized, 161, 599;

  • significance of “presently needed,” 189-90, 456, 516-18;

  • Mr. Gutt’s recommendations, 190, 224;

  • statement (June 7, 1947), 191;

  • imposition of conditions, 192, 243, 325-26, 415-16, 524-25, 599, 613;

  • “ERP Decision,” 192, 217-20, 226-27, 243, 246, 290, 326, 599;

  • terminology of decisions, 192, 413-14;

  • questioned by Harriman Committee, 215;

  • member may not veto, 219;

  • Mr. Overby’s criteria, 224, 232, 242;

  • Mr. Southard’s criteria (May 1949), 244-45, 276;

  • Mr. Southard’s proposal (Oct. 1949), 278;

  • staff proposal (Dec. 1949), 278;

  • working party report (May 1950), 279-80;

  • 1950 Annual Meeting, 280;

  • Mr. Gutt’s proposals (Nov. 1950), 281;

  • 1951 Annual Meeting, 281-82;

  • UN experts’ proposals, 287-88, 332-34, 384-85, 533;

  • Mr. Rooth’s proposals (Nov. 1951), 321-23;

  • “Rooth Plan” (Feb. 1952), 324-26, 328, 369, 415, 518, 548, 581, 599;

  • drawings by new members, 349-51, 562-64, 597;

  • drawings secured by collateral, 348, 413, 523-27;

  • drawings backed by World Bank bonds, 348-49;

  • drawing to discharge debt arrears, 364;

  • meaning of increase in Fund’s holdings, 364-67;

  • significance of “large and continuous use,” 366-67;

  • provisions for weighted voting, 367-68;

  • credit tranche drawings, 415-17;

  • reasons why members do not draw, 416-17;

  • Mr. Rooth’s review (1956), 416-17;

  • drawings above 200 per cent of quota, 416, 502, 527, 535-36;

  • drawings for domestic problems, 440;

  • drawings for increases in quotas, 449-51, 538-39, 576-85;

  • “reversal” technique, 520;

  • Special Drawing Rights, 522, 545, 597, 605-607;

  • compensatory financing, 531-36, 539, 574, 585-86, 599, 612-13;

  • prerequisites for drawings, 562-63;

  • “Reform of the Fund,” 607-608;

  • and see preceding and following headings.

FUND’S RESOURCES, USE OF, PROCEDURE: 188-89.

†FUND’S RESOURCES, USE OF, REPURCHASES: prehistory, 44, 63-64, 83, 86, 102-103;

  • five-year period suggested, 217;

  • abatement, 247, 277, 282-83, 413, 415, 530-31;

  • requirements clarified, 247-48, 332, 454-56, 461;

  • ineffectiveness of obligations, 277, 281, 324-25, 599;

  • undertakings to repurchase, 278, 324-25, 612;

  • drawings under stand-by arrangements, 332, 375;

  • Fund’s power to defer, 414;

  • scheduling, 414, 455-56, 461, 548, 573;

  • obligations under $500 deferred, 455;

  • reconstitution of stand-by arrangements, 458-59, 460;

  • deferments, 461, 548, 573;

  • FIFO applied, 462;

  • “Reform of the Fund,” 608;

  • compensatory financing, 612;

  • and see MONETARY RESERVES (NET OFFICIAL HOLDINGS) and FUND TRANSACTIONS.

FUND’S RESOURCES, USE OF, SELECTION OF CURRENCIES: 22, 59, 516-20, 531, 546, 569, 601.

†FUND’S RESOURCES, USE OF, STAND-BY ARRANGEMENTS: proposed (1943), 69, 328;

  • Mexico (1949), 245, 328;

  • Australia (1952), 328-29;

  • Belgium (1952), 329-30, 458;

  • charges, 329-30, 371, 459-60, 527-30;

  • policy, 330-32, 351, 369-71, 600;

  • terms and conditions, 331-32, 373-76, 429-33, 473, 488-91, 525-26, 570-72, 600, 613;

  • letter of intent, 373, 432-33, 488, 572;

  • reconstitution by repurchase, 458-59;

  • defined, 613.

FUND’S RESOURCES, USE OF, VOLUNTARY REPURCHASES: 248, 283-85, 347-48, 364, 366, 413, 518.

FUND’S ROLE see FUND’S PURPOSES AND ROLE.

FUND TRANSACTIONS: 159, 189-92, 226-28, 242-44, 276, 277, 321, 347, 364, 380, 412-15, 428-29, 433, 452, 462, 482-83, 486-87, 502, 523-26, 531, 535-36, 562, 564, 568-69, 610-13;

  • announcement of, 377-78;

  • U.S. technical drawings, 531, 567.

G

GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TARIFFS AND TRADE: 175, 198, 250-51, 290-92, 400, 407, 479, 481.

†GENERAL ARRANGEMENTS TO BORROW: negotiated, 510-12;

  • provisions of, 512*-15, 568, 570, 596;

  • Switzerland, 514-15, 569, 612;

  • activated, 515, 568-69, 597, 611;

  • renewed, 570, 612;

  • repayments, 612.

GOLD: deposits with Fund suggested, 507;

  • general deposits by Fund, 579-85;

  • gold certificates, 579;

  • gold pool, 485, 614;

  • hoarding, 254, 295;

  • London market, 417-18, 484-85, 614;

  • proposed sale to Fund, 614;

  • U.S. Executive Order, 485;

  • and see following headings and INVESTMENT BY FUND and SUBSCRIPTIONS, GOLD.

GOLD AND FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES see MONETARY RESERVES (NET OFFICIAL HOLDINGS).

GOLD-CONVERTIBLE EXCHANGE: 62-64.

GOLD, PRICE OF: at Bretton Woods, 101;

  • discussed at Annual Meetings, 295, 307, 396, 448, 544;

  • discussed in Board, 254-55, 294, 598;

  • in London market, 418, 484-85, 614;

  • margins set, 181, 418;

  • U.S. policy, 255-56, 484-85.

GOLD, ROLE OF: prehistory, 26, 28, 30, 39-40.

GOLD SALES AT PREMIUM PRICES: 179-85, 251-56, 292-97, 406, 419, 598.

GOLD SALES BY FUND: 433-34, 487, 568-69, 596, 611;

  • and see INVESTMENT BY FUND.

GOLD, SUBSIDIES TO PRODUCERS: 100, 183-85, 252, 418-20.

GOLD TRANCHE: 101, 104, 192, 216, 323-25, 461, 489, 564-67, 599, 608.

GOLD TRANSACTIONS SERVICE: 303.

GOVERNORS, BOARD OF: prehistory, 19-20, 24, 29, 36, 37, 38, 47; “Reform of the Fund,” 607-608;

  • and see ANNUAL MEETINGS.

GRAMMOR: 18.

GROUP OF TEN: 484;

  • and GAB, 509-14, 568-70;

  • and increases in quotas, 578;

  • and international liquidity, 543-45, 587-92, 602.

H

HAGUE CLUB: 407.

I

IMMUNITY FOR FUND: 87.

IMPORT RESTRICTIONS, FUND’S CONCERN WITH: 250-51, 311-12, 467, 479, 481.

INFLATION, FUND’S CONCERN WITH: 195, 206, 211, 224, 297, 439-42, 521, 533.

INFORMATION TO BE FURNISHED TO FUND: prehistory, 78, 105, 117;

  • balance of payments data, 345;

  • Cuba, 549;

  • Czechoslovakia, 360-63;

  • ECOSOC, 147.

INITIAL PAR VALUES see EXCHANGE RATES, PAR VALUES.

INTER-AMERICAN BANK: 10, 114.

INTER-CENTRAL-BANK COOPERATION: 483-85, 505, 510, 541, 543, 569, 592-93, 610.

INTERNATIONAL BANK FOR RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT see WORLD BANK.

INTERNATIONAL EXCHANGE UNION see CANADIAN PLAN.

INTERNATIONAL LIQUIDITY: adequacy questioned, 434, 446-48, 491-92, 541-42, 589, 591;

  • adequacy stated, 492, 541-43, 589-92;

  • conditional vs. unconditional, 491, 542, 574, 576, 591-92;

  • dependence on deficits of reserve countries, 544, 589-91;

  • Fund’s views, 491-92, 541-43, 586-95;

  • Group of Ten, 543-45, 587-92;

  • International Reserves and Liquidity, 447-48, 472, 491;

  • Mr. Maudling’s proposal, 541, 544;

  • Mr. Zolotas’ proposal, 541, 544;

  • “New Facility Based on Special Drawing Rights,” 587-88, 595, 605-607;

  • procedure, 544-45, 587-88;

  • relevance of quotas, 447-48, 491, 565, 574-75, 590, 593;

  • staff studies, 334-35, 446-48, 575, 589-90;

  • world-wide problem, 592-95.

INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND, NAME CHOSEN: 54.

IMF INSTITUTE see TRAINING PROGRAM.

INTERNATIONAL TRADE ORGANIZATION: 171-75;

  • and see GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TARIFFS AND TRADE.

INTERPRETATION OF ARTICLES: 109-10, 113, 127, 148-49, 165-66, 187, 189, 191, 198, 210, 223-26, 362rt, 364-68, 422, 608.

INVESTMENT BY FUND: 185, 304-306, 421-23, 462-66, 485-86.

INVESTMENTS, FOREIGN, DISCLOSURE OF: 24, 26, 36.

J

JOINT STATEMENT BY EXPERTS: 33, 54-78, 131.

K

KEY-CURRENCY PLAN: 17-18, 32, 36, 37.

KEYNES PLAN: 6, 15-16, 18-21, 27-31, 48-53, 131.

L

LEND-LEASE AGREEMENT: 14-15, 27-28, 54, 65, 116.

LOCAL CURRENCY (COUNTERPART) FUNDS: 222, 439-40.

LOCATION OF FUND see OFFICES FOR FUND.

LONDON: gold market, 417-18, 484-85, 614;

  • suggested location for Fund, 20, 27, 36;

  • venue of 1947 Annual Meetings, 162, 194.

M

MANAGING DIRECTOR: prehistory, 47, 107;

  • Mr. Gutt, 135, 139, 260, 297-98;

  • Mr. Jacobsson, 387, 427, 471, 477, 496, 521-22, 556;

  • Mr. Rooth, 261, 387, 423-24;

  • Mr. Schweitzer, 201, 496, 614;

  • relations with members, 132-34, 157;

  • retiring age, 260.

MANAGING DIRECTOR AND STAFF, DUTIES: 132-34, 157, 197-98, 424, 470-73, 600-601;

  • and see STAFF, DUTIES OF.

MARSHALL PLAN see EUROPEAN RECOVERY PROGRAM.

MEMBERS, ENEMY-OCCUPIED: 77, 81, 99, 178, 201, 349-50.

MEMBERSHIP: prehistory, 20, 23-24;

  • accretions, 113-18, 163, 196, 231, 257, 301, 336, 356, 386, 426, 443, 474, 495-96, 547-48, 602;

  • arrangements for accessions, 496;

  • Fund contacts with, 185-87, 198, 424, 598;

  • withdrawals, 258, 362-64, 548-50;

  • and see CONSULTATIONS and MISSIONS TO MEMBERS.

MEMBERSHIP RESOLUTIONS AMENDED: 350-51, 563-64.

MEMBERS’ OBLIGATIONS: prehistory, 23-24, 111-12;

  • capital transfers, 403-404;

  • changes in par values, 360;

  • charges for Fund’s communications, 266-67;

  • convertibility, 104-105, 163, 178, 245, 318, 398-99, 477-81, 598;

  • exchange rate margins, 112, 178, 418, 504;

  • exchange rates for paper money and coins, 209;

  • exchange restrictions, 108, 172-73, 176-79, 249-50, 310-19;

  • furnishing information to Fund, 78, 105, 345, 361-63, 549;

  • maintaining full employment, 127, 149;

  • maintaining par values, 272-75, 597-98;

  • maintaining value of Fund’s assets, 305, 421;

  • promoting exchange stability, 112, 470;

  • restraint in drawing, 219;

  • and see CONSULTATIONS.

MEMBER’S POSITION IN THE FUND, DEFINITION: 519.

MISSIONS TO MEMBERS: procedure, 185-87, 198;

  • responsibility of Fund, 286-87, 342, 603-604.

“MIXED BAG” of CURRENCIES: 28, 57, 64.

MONAD: 38.

MONETARY RESERVES (NET OFFICIAL HOLDINGS): prehistory, 33, 42, 62, 63-64, 73, 83, 85, 100, 102, 104;

  • adequacy of, 254, 334, 446-48, 491-92;

  • calculations, 198-99;

  • date for calculations, 188;

  • defined, 158-59, 198, 414;

  • Fund’s responsibility vis-à-vis ITO, 174;

  • nonmember currencies, 188;

  • provision of data, 285, 530, 562;

  • subscriptions as part of, 33-34, 43, 100, 159, 170, 492, 502, 564-67, 577, 599.

MULTILATERAL SURVEILLANCE: 590-91.

MULTIPLE CURRENCY PRACTICES see EXCHANGE RATES, MULTIPLE CURRENCY PRACTICES.

MUTUAL CURRENCY ACCOUNT: 541, 544.

N

NATIONAL CURRENCY (COUNTERPART) FUNDS: 222, 439-40.

NET OFFICIAL HOLDINGS see MONETARY RESERVES.

NEW INTERNATIONAL UNITS see UNITAS.

NEW YORK: suggested location for Fund, 27, 36, 123, 129-30.

NONMETROPOLITAN AREAS: devaluations, 239-41, 609-10;

  • members’ responsibilities for, 196, 252.

O

OFFICES FOR FUND: prehistory, 20, 24, 27, 36, 87, 108;

  • at Savannah, 123, 129-30;

  • headquarters, 137, 138, 145, 197, 394-95, 462, 560-61, 604-605;

  • overseas, 197, 232-33, 559-60;

  • and see APPENDIX B.

ORGANIZATION FOR ECONOMIC COOPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT: 546, 558, 568, 591.

ORGANIZATION FOR EUROPEAN ECONOMIC COOPERATION: 222, 351-52.

P

PAR VALUES see EXCHANGE RATES, PAR VALUES.

PARIS CLUB: 407.

“PASSIVITY” OF FUND: 53, 60, 64-66.

PER JACOBSSON FOUNDATION: 522.

PRICE STABILIZATION: 170, 384-85, 397, 440-41, 609.

PROFITS OF FUND: 24-25;

  • and see FINANCIAL POSITION OF FUND.

PUBLICATIONS OF FUND: “Adequacy of Monetary Reserves,” 334-35, 446;

  • Balance of Payments Manual, 199, 397, 559;

  • Balance of Payments Yearbook, 199, 346-47, 555;

  • Central Banking Legislation, 556;

  • Compensatory Financing of Export Fluctuations, 535, 612n;

  • Current Problems of Credit and Fiscal Policy, 442;

  • Direction of International Trade, 266, 546, 555;

  • Direction of Trade, 546;

  • Enlargement of Fund Resources Through Increases in Quotas, 449-50, 507, 565n;

  • Finance and Development, 556-57;

  • The First Ten Years of the International Monetary Fund, 423;

  • The Fund Agreement in the Courts, 556;

  • “Fund Policies and Procedures in Relation to the Compensatory Financing of Commodity Fluctuations,” 532;

  • International Financial News Survey, 199, 307, 556;

  • International Financial Statistics, 199, 377-78, 396-97, 546, 555-56;

  • International Monetary Problems, 1957-1963, 556;

  • International Reserves and Liquidity, 447-48, 472, 491;

  • Introduction to the Fund, 557;

  • “Methods of Monetary Analysis,” 396;

  • Pamphlet series, 557;

  • The Revival of Monetary Policy, 307;

  • Selected Decisions of the Executive Directors and Selected Documents, 556;

  • Selected Documents, 121n;

  • Staff Papers, 265, 335, 396, 441, 556;

  • The World Payments Situation, 307;

  • and see ANNUAL REPORT, ANNUAL REPORT ON EXCHANGE RESTRICTIONS, and INDEX F.

PUBLICITY FOR FUND: 199-200, 423, 555-57.

Q

QUANTITATIVE RESTRICTIONS: 173.

†QUOTAS: prehistory, 19, 22, 29, 30, 33, 38, 39, 42-43, 48, 50, 58, 78, 81, 84, 94-100, 449, 596;

  • fixed, 96*, 126, 149-50, 168, 196;

  • increased, 150, 169, 302, 446-52, 574-86, 596;

  • gold subscriptions, 158, 169, 333, 391, 450, 507, 538-39, 575-85, 611;

  • reduced, 196;

  • first quinquennial review, 267-68;

  • review (1953), 338;

  • second quinquennial review, 389-91;

  • relation to votes, 389;

  • relation to World Bank capital, 390, 450, 584;

  • review of small quotas, 390-91, 536-37, 540;

  • “Small Quotas Policy,” 391, 450, 540;

  • adequacy questioned, 434, 448;

  • review (1958), 446-52;

  • Enlargement of Fund Resources Through Increases in Quotas, 449-50, 507;

  • increases by installments, 450, 579-85;

  • third quinquennial review, 451-52;

  • compensatory financing facility, 531-39, 585-86, 612-13;

  • new members, 540;

  • special increases (1963-64), 574;

  • fourth quinquennial review, 574-85;

  • rounding, 583;

  • “Reform of the Fund,” 607.

QUOTAS FORMULA: 22, 31, 39, 42, 94-95, 97-98, 149-50, 449, 537-38, 546.

R

“REFORM OF THE FUND”: 567, 599, 607-608.

REMUNERATION TO MEMBERS: 607-609.

REPRESENTATIONS BY FUND: prehistory, 70-71, 78;

  • consultations, 312, 314;

  • multiple currency practices, 176;

  • tariffs, 467.

REPURCHASES see FUND’S RESOURCES, USE OF, REPURCHASES.

RETENTION QUOTAS see EXCHANGE RESTRICTIONS.

RULES AND REGULATIONS: 143, 150-53, 157, 170, 188, 190-92, 229, 246, 263, 267, 285, 372, 389, 414, 418, 451, 460-61, 529-30, 549, 558, 599.

S

SAVANNAH: Inaugural Meeting, 121-35.

SCARCE CURRENCY PROVISIONS: prehistory, 35, 38, 44-46, 50, 58-59;

  • dollar shortage, 193;

  • full employment measures, 288;

  • not used, 193, 597.

SELECTION OF CURRENCIES see FUND’S RESOURCES, USE OF, SELECTION OF CURRENCIES.

SILVER: prehistory, 33, 82, 99, 103;

  • at Annual Meetings, 162, 195.

SPECIAL DRAWING RIGHTS: 522, 545, 587-88, 595, 597, 605-607.

STABILIZATION FUND see WHITE PLAN.

STAFF: activities criticized, 263-64, 270, 393, 472-73;

  • economic studies, 438-41;

  • loyalty investigation, 339-40.

STAFF, DUTIES OF: 132-34, 197-98, 233, 342, 391-94, 424, 444-45, 470-73, 545-46, 552-55, 601;

  • and see MANAGING DIRECTOR AND STAFF, DUTIES OF.

STAFF, NUMBERS AND GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION: 107-108, 137, 144, 167-68, 197, 232, 263, 302-303, 340, 357-58, 364, 387, 444, 476, 603.

STAFF, ORGANIZATION OF: area departments formed, 261, 340, 476;

  • Central Banking Service, 286-87, 552-53;

  • computers, 537, 546, 604;

  • Exchange Restrictions Department, 261;

  • Fiscal Affairs Department, 286, 552-53;

  • IMF Institute, 554-55;

  • Language Services Division, 558-59;

  • Libraries, 341;

  • Public Relations Office, 261;

  • Staff Committee, 263, 302;

  • structure (1947), 144-45;

  • structure (1968), 616;

  • and see APPENDIX B.

STAFF RETIREMENT PLAN: 145, 546.

STAFF TERMS OF SERVICE: 145, 358-59, 391-94, 428, 552-53, 603.

STAND-BY ARRANGEMENTS see FUND’S RESOURCES, USE OF, STAND-BY ARRANGEMENTS.

STERLING: 48, 52, 94, 104-105, 161, 186-87, 194, 239, 310, 352-55, 396, 398, 399, 401-402, 405, 466, 469, 483, 568-69, 609-10.

STERLING AREA: 4, 7, 52, 124, 277, 281, 325, 399, 479, 610.

STERLING BALANCES: 429, 610;

  • and see BLOCKED BALANCES.

SUBSCRIPTIONS: prehistory, 22, 28, 33, 38, 39, 42, 60-61, 81, 94-99, 112, 596;

  • as part of reserves, 33-34, 43, 100, 159, 170, 492, 502, 564-67, 577, 599;

  • procedure for, 137, 158-59, 169-70, 187-88;

  • relation to drawing, 187-88, 565.

SUBSCRIPTIONS, GOLD: prehistory, 22, 24, 30, 33, 38, 39, 42, 60, 81, 98, 112;

  • for increase in quota, 158, 169, 333, 450, 538-39, 576-85;

  • gold certificates proposed, 579-80;

  • ten per cent option, 158-59, 169.

SUBSIDIES FOR GOLD PRODUCERS see GOLD, SUBSIDIES TO PRODUCERS.

SUPER GOLD TRANCHE see GOLD TRANCHE.

T

TAXATION, FUND EXEMPTION FROM: 87, 124, 144.

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TO MEMBERS: 185-86, 286-87, 391-94, 428, 444, 471, 545, 551-54, 603.

TRAINING PROGRAM: 445-46, 554-55, 604.

TRANCHE: defined, 323, 567.

TRANSITIONAL PERIOD: prehistory, 21, 66, 73, 84, 105, 108-109, 112;

  • importance of, 172-73;

  • possibility of ending, 314, 478-80;

  • prolonged, 598.

TRANSPORT INSURANCE: 406-407.

TRIPARTITE AGREEMENT: 6-10.

U

UNENFORCEABILITY OF EXCHANGE CONTRACTS: 209-11.

UNITAS: 23, 36, 41, 51, 59, 64-65.

UNITED NATIONS, FUND RELATIONS WITH: 145-47, 286-88, 344-45, 557-58.

UN COMMISSION ON INTERNATIONAL COMMODITY TRADE: 532-34.

UN CONFERENCE ON TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT: 559.

UN ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COUNCIL: 124, 145-47, 287-88, 332-35, 344-45, 384-85, 406-407, 503.

UN ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR AFRICA: 557-58.

UN FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION: 89, 91, 170-75, 383-84.

UN TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE BOARD: 286-87.

UNITED STATES STABILIZATION FUND: 43, 227-28.

V

VOLUNTARY REPURCHASES see FUND’S RESOURCES, USE OF, VOLUNTARY REPURCHASES.

VOTING PROVISIONS: prehistory, 20, 23, 24, 26, 27, 29, 34, 38, 39-40, 43, 47, 81;

  • meaning of Article XII, Section 5(b), 367-68.

W

WAGES: link with prices, 440-41.

WASHINGTON: location of Fund, 87, 123, 129-30;

  • venue of Annual Meetings, 195, 339, 396, 443, 474, 499, 602, 614.

WHITE PLAN: 5, 10-14, 21-25, 26, 28-30, 31-36, 40-48, 50, 52, 54-78, 131.

WITHDRAWAL FROM MEMBERSHIP, RIGHT OF: 59, 62, 83, 109.

WORKING LANGUAGE OF FUND: 143, 558-59.

WORLD BANK: prehistory, 21, 23, 24;

  • consortium for aid to India, 444-45, 472;

  • increases of capital and Fund quotas, 390, 450, 584;

  • missions, 186, 342;

  • proposal for Fund to invest in securities, 306;

  • proposal for Fund to lend against bonds, 348-49;

  • relations with Fund, 145, 340-43, 526, 557, 559, 603-604.

Index B. Persons

The following abbreviations are used in this index: AED = Alternate Executive Director of the Fund; AGF = Alternate Governor of the Fund; ED = Executive Director of the Fund; GF = Governor of the Fund. Governors and Alternate Governors are those who held these positions at the time of the Inaugural Meeting or the Annual Meeting in the year or years shown. Dates are given through 1968 only. Where those named were members of the Fund Boards, no other positions that they may have held outside the Fund are shown. Numbers refer to pages. Persons listed in Appendix A or Appendix B, but not named in the text, are not indexed.

A

ADARKAR, BHASKAR NAMDEO (India), ED ’57-’61: 427, 445, 457-58, 476.

ÅKERMALM, S. T. GUNNAR (Sweden), AED ’52-’54;

  • ED ’54-’56;

  • AGF ’57, ’60: 386-87, 390, 426.

ALPHAND, HERVE (French official): 37.

ALTMAN, OSCAR L., Director of Fund Office of Administration ’50-’54;

  • Treasurer of Fund ’66-’68: 168, 616.

ANDERSON, Rt. Hon. Sir JOHN, G.C.B. (Chancellor of the Exchequer, United Kingdom): 82, 87.

ANDERSON, ROBERT B. (United States), GF ’57-’60: 448, 484.

ANJARIA, JASHWANTRAI J. (India), ED ’61-’67;

  • AGF ’65: 476, 514, 581.

ANSIAUX, HUBERT (Belgium), ED ’46-’48, ’54;

  • AGF ’49-’52, ’54;

  • GF ’58-’68: 138, 140, 142, 157, 166, 167, 186, 213-14, 222, 232, 243, 351, 356, 567.

AQUINO h., FRANCISCO (El Salvador), GF ’61-’66: 593.

ASGEIRSSON, THORHALLUR (Iceland), ED ’60-’62;

  • AGF ’65: 475, 499, 514.

ASP, EERO (Finland), ED ’58-’60;

  • AGF ’57-’58, ’61-’62: 443, 459, 469, 475, 615.

AUFRICHT, HANS, Counsellor, Fund Legal Department: 556.

B

BAFFI, PAOLO (Italian official): 396.

BARRAUD, ALBERT (France), AED ’52-’53: 329-30.

BAUMGARTNER, WILFRID (France), AGF ’48-’57;

  • GF ’58-’60: 434, 448, 510, 512-13.

BEELITZ, ULRICH (Germany), ED ’64-’66: 550, 576, 580-81, 583-84, 595.

BENDFELDT JAUREGUI, MANUEL (Guatemala), AGF ’54: 498.

BENITEZ, RUBEN (Paraguay), AGF ’46-’48: 150.

BERNSTEIN, EDWARD M., Director of Fund Research Department ’46-’58: 14, 57, 69, 101, 144, 168, 213, 214-17, 236, 243, 265, 271, 297, 328, 354-55, 391-92, 397, 440, 444, 470, 592.

BEVIN, Rt. Hon. ERNEST (Foreign Secretary, United Kingdom): 212-13.

BEYEN, JOHAN WILLEM (Netherlands), ED ’48-’52: 17, 175, 197, 222, 231, 242, 246, 273, 278, 280, 306, 326, 330, 336.

BICALHO, MAURICIO CHAGAS (Brazil), ED ’60-’66;

  • AGF ’60-’61: 475, 498, 514, 536.

BIDAULT, GEORGES (Foreign Minister, France)-. 212.

BLACK, EUGENE R. (President of World Bank ’49-’62): 340, 342, 390.

BLESSING, KARL (Germany), GF ’58-’68: 481, 590-91, 594.

BOLTON, G. L. F., later Sir George Bolton, K. C. M. G. (United Kingdom), ED ’46-’52;

  • AGF ’52-’56: 138, 140, 143, 149, 151-53, 160, 165, 167, 180, 186, 191, 204, 237, 239, 243, 274n, 302, 327, 377, 418, 453.

BONHAM CARTER, RAYMOND H. (United Kingdom), AED ’61-’63: 525.

BRUINS, GIJSBERT W. J. (Netherlands), ED ’46-’48: 128, 138, 140, 157, 158, 176, 180, 197.

BURGESS, W. RANDOLPH (United States), AGF ’53-’57: 396, 425, 522.

BURY, LESLIE HARRY ERNEST (Australia), AED ’51-’53;

  • ED ’53-’57;

  • AGF ’55-’56: 356, 357, 373, 377, 380, 384, 386, 389, 392, 394, 400, 414, 420, 426-27, 437.

BUTLER, Rt. Hon. RICHARD AUSTEN, later Baron Butler of Saffron Walden (United Kingdom), GF ’54-’55: 396, 398, 401-402.

C

CACERES, JULIAN R. (Honduras), GF ’46-’48: 132.

CALLAGHAN, B. B. (Australia), AED ’54-’57;

  • ED ’57-’59;

  • AGF ’58-’59: 390, 427, 440-41, 443, 446, 467, 472, 475.

CALLAGHAN, JAMES A. (United Kingdom), GF ’65-’67: 572.

CAMPOS, ROBERTO (Director of Brazilian Development Bank): 405-406.

CARLI, GUIDO (Italy), ED ’47-’52;

  • AGF ’60, ’62-’68;

  • GF ’61: 164, 166, 167, 183, 186, 205, 231, 237, 255, 336.

CHIANG KAI-SHEK (President, Republic of China): 258.

CHOU EN-LAI (Premier, mainland China): 258.

CHURCHILL, Rt. Hon. Sir WINSTON S., K. G. (Prime Minister, United Kingdom): 14, 15, 117.

CIGLIANA-PIAZZA, GIORGIO (Italy), AED ’47-’52;

  • AGF ’52, ’54: 206, 240, 314.

CLAYTON, William L. (United States), AGF ’46-’48: 130, 132, 162.

COCHRAN, H. MERLE, Deputy Managing Director ’53-’62: 302, 350, 352, 358-59, 375, 439, 445, 472, 477, 496.

COE, VIRGINIUS FRANK, Secretary of Fund ’46-’52: 12n, 144, 307, 339.

COLOMBO, EMILIO (Italy), GF ’63-’68: 590-94.

COROMINAS-SEGURA, RUDOLFO (Argentina), ED ’56-’58: 427, 444, 455.

CRENA DE IONGH, D. (Netherlands), AED ’46;

  • ED ’53-’55: 337, 357, 371, 377, 386-87, 389, 399.

CRICK, LESLIE F. (United Kingdom), AED ’50-’51, ’53: 274, 281, 284-85, 289-294, 342, 366.

CRIPPS, Rt. Hon. Sir STAFFORD (United Kingdom), GF ’48-’50: 238.

CROMER, Rt. Hon. GEORGE ROWLAND STANLEY BARING, 3rd Earl of (United Kingdom), ED ’59-’61;

  • AGF ’61: 378, 444, 459, 466, 476, 480.

D

DALE, WILLIAM B. (United States), ED ’62-;

  • AGF ’63-’68: 499, 579-80, 582, 615.

DALTON, Rt. Hon. HUGH (United Kingdom), GF ’46-’47: 135, 194-95.

D’ASCOLI, CARLOS A. (Venezuela), ED ’49-’50;

  • GF ’47-’48: 232, 237, 239-40, 246, 259.

DE JONG, A. M. (Netherlands), ED ’52;

  • AGF ’46: 336-37.

DE KOCK, MICHIEL HENDRIK (South Africa), AGF ’46-’48, ’53: 252-53.

DE LARGENTAYE, JEAN (France), AED ’46;

  • ED ’46-’64: 138, 140, 143, 151, 157, 160, 165, 169, 178-79, 184, 189, 200, 202-205, 223, 225, 233, 237, 240, 254-55, 260, 267, 274, 281, 284-85, 294, 309-10, 323-26, 330, 345, 348, 357-59, 366, 372, 375, 379, 383, 385, 389, 393, 399, 405, 413-14, 419, 421, 434, 437, 439, 455, 458-60, 463-64, 469, 479-80, 486, 488, 504-506, 508, 518, 550, 571.

DELGADO, ENRIQUE (Nicaragua), ED ’52-’54: 336-37, 370, 377, 384-85, 387.

DE MARGERIE, BERNARD (France), AED ’48-’49: 237, 246.

DE SELLIERS, ERNEST (Belgium), AED ’46-’48;

  • ED ’48-’54: 165-66, 170-71, 180, 203-204, 219, 221, 225, 227, 229, 232, 235-36, 241, 246, 247, 260, 289, 294, 305-306, 309, 313-14, 329, 336, 356, 383, 439.

DESHMUKH, Sir CHINTAMAN, Kt. (India), GF ’46-’55: 126-27.

DE SOUZA COSTA, ARTHUR (Brazil), Committee Chairman, Bretton Woods: 91.

DE STRYCKER, CECIL (Belgium), AGF ’64: 578, 590.

DEY, HIRENDRA LAL, Director of Fund Asian Department ’53-’56: 340.

DILLON, C. DOUGLAS (United States), AGF ’57-’60;

  • GF ’61-’64: 509-10, 514, 543-44.

DOMMEL, DANIEL (France), AED ’55-’56: 367.

DONGES, T. E. (South Africa), GF ’59-’65: 544.

DONNER, OTTO (Germany), AED ’52-’56: 377, 411-12, 441.

E

EADY, Sir WILFRID, G.C.M.G. (British Treasury Official): 52-53.

EBTEHAJ, ABOL HASSAN (Iran), GF ’46-’49;

  • Director of Fund Middle Eastern Department ’53-’54: 340.

EISENHOWER, DWIGHT DAVID (President, United States): 448.

EISLER, PAVEL (Czechoslovakia), AGF, ’49-’50: 238.

EKLÖF, KURT (Sweden), ED ’64-’66: 550.

EMMINGER, OTMAR (Germany), ED ’53-’59;

  • AGF ’63, ’65-’68: 337, 369, 386-87, 402, 405, 426, 437, 443-44.

ERIKSEN, ALF KRISTIAN (Norway), ED ’52-’54: -336, 350, 369-70, 376, 387.

ESCOBAR, LUIS (Chile), AED ’63-’64;

  • ED ’64-’66, ’68-: 550, 615.

ESPINOSA, ALFONSO (Venezuela), ED ’64-’65: 550-51.

ESPINOSA DE LOS MONTEROS, ANTONIO (Mexico), GF ’46-’47: 134.

F

FALAKI, MAHMOUD SALEH EL (Egypt), AED ’46-’51;

  • AGF ’46-’53: 186, 289, 294.

FAWCETT, J. E. S., Fund General Counsel ’55-’60: 403, 470.

FERRAS, GABRIEL (France), AED ’53;

  • Director of Fund European Department ’56-’63: 357.

FEUCHE, ANDRE (France), AED ’59-’60: 466.

FISHER, JOHN LENOX, Director of Fund Operations Department ’46-’47: 144.

FLEMING, B. E. (Australia), AED ’57-’60: 466, 469.

FLEMING, DONALD M. (Canada), GF ’56-’62: 501.

FLORES, ANTONIO CARRILLO (Mexico), GF ’53-’56: 396.

FOWLER, HENRY H. (United States), AGF ’62-’63;

  • GF ’65-’68: 587, 592.

FRERE, MAURICE (Belgium), AGF ’46;

  • GF ’46-’57: 195, 329.

FRIEDMAN, IRVING S., Director of Fund Exchange Restrictions Department ’50-’64: 261.

FRIIS, TORBEN (Denmark), AED ’54-’56;

  • ED ’56-’58, ’66-’68: 411, 426, 437, 443.

G

GARLAND, JOHN M. (Australia), AED ’49-’51;

  • ED ’59-’66;

  • AGF ’61: 475, 480, 498-99, 514, 570, 589, 595.

GBEDEMAH, K. A. (Ghana), GF ’57-’60: 476.

GISCARD D’ESTAING, VALERY (France), Governor of World Bank ’63-’65: 544, 578, 590-91, 594.

GODEAUX, JEAN C. (Belgium), AED ’50’54;

  • ED ’54: 356, 358, 366, 369, 373, 377-78, 386-87.

GOLD, JOSEPH, Fund General Counsel ’60-: 452, 455, 458-59, 464, 488, 491, 506, 507, 515, 556, 563, 566, 570, 577, 580, 613, 616.

GOMEZ, RODRIGO (Mexico), ED ’46-’48, ’58-’60;

  • AGF ’46-’47, ’53-’56, ’60-’68;

  • GF ’57-’59: 129, 138, 141, 157, 165, 167, 180, 186, 228, 232, 378, 443, 475.

GOODE, RICHARD, Director of Fund Fiscal Affairs Department ’65-: 552.

GORDON, WALTER L. (Canada), GF ’63-’65: 578.

GOVERNOR FOR … see list at end of this index.

GRAFFTEY-SMITH, A. P. (United Kingdom), AED ’46: 157, 160.

GRAGNANI, CARLO (Italy), ED ’52-’60: 336-37, 358, 369, 383, 384, 386-87, 426, 437, 443-44, 475.

GULICK, LUTHER (U. S. official): 13.

GUTH, WILFRIED (Germany), ED ’59-’61: 444, 457, 459, 475, 480, 498, 509, 514.

GUTT, CAMILLE (Belgium), ED ’46;

  • GF ’46;

  • Managing Director ’46-’51: 17, 111, 128-29, 135-36, 138, 139, 154-55, 157, 161, 162, 164, 186, 190-92, 194, 200, 206, 207, 211, 213-17, 220, 222-23, 224, 227, 232, 236, 237, 238, 253-55, 260, 261, 263-64, 267, 272, 275, 276, 278-79, 281, 289-90, 297-98, 318, 424, 555.

H

HABERMEIER, WALTER O. (Germany), AED ’62-’65: 583, 589, 616.

HALIFAX, EDWARD FREDERICK LINDLEY WOOD, 1st Earl of (British Ambassador to United States): 14.

HALL-PATCH, Sir EDMUND, G.C.M.G. (United Kingdom), ED ’52-’54: 302, 356, 357-58, 369, 371-72, 374, 384, 409.

HANDFIELD-JONES, S. J. (Canada), AED ’64-’65;

  • ED ’65-’68: 551.

HANEMANN, WILHELM (Germany), AED ’56-’59;

  • ED ’62-’64;

  • AGF ’67, ’68: 464, 498, 550, 563.

HANSEN, ALVIN H. (U.S. Professor): 13.

HARCOURT, WILLIAM EDWARD, 2nd Viscount (United Kingdom), ED ’54-’57: 357, 380, 387, 389-90, 392, 405, 407, 417, 418, 421-22, 427.

HARRIS, WALTER EDWARD (Canada), GF ’54-’56: 397.

HARROD, ROY F., later Sir Roy Harrod, Kt. (British Professor): 307.

HAVENGA, NICOLAAS CHRISTIAAN (South Africa), GF ’49-’54: 253, 255-56, 295.

HAZERA, JORGE (Costa Rica), AED ’57-’60: 457.

HEASMAN, ROY E. (United Kingdom), AED ’56-’58: 393, 431, 436.

HERMOSILLO, PRAXEDES REINA (Mexico), ED ’62-’64: 498-99, 550.

HERRERA, FELIPE (Chile), ED ’58-’60;

  • AGF ’53-’57;

  • GF ’58-’59: 444, 475.

HEXNER, ERVIN (Czechoslovakia), Committee Rapporteur, Bretton Woods: 91, 109.

HOCKIN, ALAN BOND (Canada), AED ’57-’59: 434, 459.

HOELGAARD, VAGN (Danish official): 411.

HOLLOWAY, JOHN EDWARD (South Africa), AGF ’49-’51, ’54;

  • GF ’46, ’48: 294.

HOLT, Rt. Hon. HAROLD E. (Australia), GF ’59-’65: 544, 594-95.

HOLTROP, M. W. (Netherlands), AGF ’47-’51;

  • GF ’52-’66: 396-98, 440, 492, 510, 578, 590, 592-94.

HORNE, ROMAN L., Acting Secretary of Fund ’52-’56;

  • Secretary of Fund ’56-’66: 124, 137, 144, 150, 339, 387, 496, 500.

HUDON, L. DENIS (Canada), AED ’61-’64: 571.

HULL, CORDELL (Secretary of State, United States): 13, 15, 25, 67, 79.

I

IENGAR, H. V. R. (India), AGF ’57-’61: 442.

ILSLEY, JAMES L. (Canada), GF ’46: 157.

ISTEL, ANDRE (French official): 37.

J

JACOBSSON, PER, Managing Director, ’56-’63: 378, 387-88, 427, 428, 433-34, 438, 440, 446-47, 467, 468, 471, 477, 492, 496, 501-502, 509, 511-12, 514, 521-22, 524, 541.

JOHNSTONE, ROBERT (Canada), ED ’68-: 615.

JONES, EDGAR, Director of Fund Geneva Office ’67-: 559-60.

JOSHI, JAGANNATH V. (India), ED ’46-’48, ’50-’51: 125, 138, 141, 143, 165, 167, 176, 219, 232, 259, 289, 294, 302, 322, 380.

K

KAFKA, ALEXANDRE (Brazil), AED ’66;

  • ED ’66-;

  • AGF ’68: 615.

KAISSOUNI, ABDEL MONEIM EL (United Arab Republic), Head of Fund Cairo Office ’48-50;

  • GF ’54-’55, ’57: 232, 396.

KANDE, LOUIS (Senegal), ED ’63-’66: 499, 550, 581.

KARPINSKI, ZYGMUNT (Poland), AED ’46: 17.

KEESING, F. A. G., Director of IMF Institute ’64-: 554.

KEILHAU, WILHELM (Norway), Committee Rapporteur, Bretton Woods: 91.

KENNEDY, JOHN FITZGERALD (President, United States): 485, 492, 521.

KEOGH, P. J. (United Kingdom), AED ’55-’56: 392-93.

KEYNES, JOHN MAYNARD, later Baron Keynes of Tilton (United Kingdom), GF ’46: 3, 5-6, 14-21, 26-28, 30, 37-38, 43, 49-53, 54-70, 72-76, 83-85, 88, 91-92, 97, 110, 115, 116, 123-24, 129-35, 148, 171, 596-98, 600.

KHARMAWAN, BYANTI (Indonesia), ED ’68-: 615.

KIINGI, SEMYANO (Uganda), AED ’63-’64;

  • ED ’64-’66: 550-51.

KIRBYSHIRE, JOHN A. (United Kingdom), AED ’63-’65: 580-82.

KLEIN, GUILLERMO WALTER (Argentina), ED ’60-’64: 475, 498, 514, 550, 589.

KOO, YEE CHUN (China), ED ’46-’50;

  • Treasurer of Fund ’53-’66: 125, 138, 141, 143, 157, 167, 186, 237, 259.

KOSTER, WILLEM (Netherlands), AED ’47-’49: 206.

L

LARRE, RENE (France), ED ’64-’67;

  • AGF ’67-’68: 550, 576, 580-83, 595.

LIE, TRYGVE (Secretary-General, United Nations): 287, 344-45.

LIEFTINCK, PIETER (Netherlands), GF ’46-’51;

  • ED ’55-: 222, 387, 391, 393-94, 413, 426, 434, 440, 443, 465-66, 475, 498-99, 509, 514, 515, 525, 542, 566, 570-71, 576, 581-82, 615.

LLOSA, MANUEL B. (Peru), Committee Chairman, Bretton Woods: 91.

LLOYD, Rt. Hon. SELWYN (United Kingdom), GF ’60-’61: 492.

LODGE, JOHN DAVIS (Congressman, United States): 218.

LOUW, ERIC HENDRIK (South Africa), GF ’55: 396.

LUNA-GUERRA, JOSE (Mexico), ED ’54-’56: 387, 390, 393, 427, 431.

LUTHRINGER, GEORGE F. (United States), AED ’46-’48;

  • Director of Fund Far Eastern, Middle Eastern, and Latin American Department ’50-’53;

  • Director of Fund Western Hemisphere Department ’53-55: 172-75, 176, 180, 183, 197, 204, 207, 224, 261, 340.

M

MACMILLAN, Rt. Hon. HAROLD (United Kingdom), GF ’56: 397.

MADAN, B. K. (India), AED ’46-’48;

  • ED ’48-’50, ’67-;

  • AGF ’57, ’61, ’64, ’67, ’68: 169, 232, 255, 259, 615.

MALETIN, N. A. (U.S.S.R.), Committee Chairman, Bretton Woods: 91.

MANSOUR, ALBERT (United Arab Republic), AED ’51-;

  • AGF ’58-’59: 358, 389, 421, 514.

MARDONES, F. (Chilean official): 207-208.

MARSHALL, GEORGE CATLETT (Secretary of State, United States): 192, 194, 212.

MARSHALL, JORGE (Chile), AED ’58-59;

  • AGF ’65-’68: 457-58.

MARTIN, WILLIAM McCHESNEY (United States), AGF ’49-’50: 442.

MARTINEZ-OSTOS, RAUL (Mexico), AED ’46-’48;

  • ED ’50-’52;

  • AGF ’48, ’50: 176, 178-79, 181, 184, 203-204, 207, 224, 229, 243, 259, 302, 303, 304, 306, 309, 315, 318, 319, 330, 336, 379-80, 421.

MAUDE, EVAN WALTER (United Kingdom), ED ’67-;

  • AGF ’68: 615.

MAUDLING, Rt. Hon. REGINALD (United Kingdom), AGF ’54, ’56;

  • GF ’53, ’62-’64: 541, 544, 578, 591.

MAYOBRE, JOSE ANTONIO (Venezuela), ED ’60-’62;

  • AGF ’47-’48;

  • GF ’60: 475, 498.

MCCARTHY, JOSEPH RAYMOND (Senator, United States): 336.

McFARLANE, STUART G. (Australia), ED ’48-’50;

  • AGF ’48-’50: 175, 197, 219, 231, 240, 249-52, 255, 259, 279, 294.

MELVILLE, LESLIE GALFREID, later Sir Leslie Galfreid Melville, K.B.E. (Australia), ED ’50-’53;

  • AGF ’51-’52: 259, 305, 310, 312, 322, 325, 329-30, 336, 342, 346, 356, 384.

MENDELS, MORTON M. (Secretary of World Bank ’46-): 496, 500.

MENDES-FRANCE, PIERRE (France), ED ’46;

  • GF ’46-’57: 125, 138, 238, 306.

MENZIES, Rt. Hon. ROBERT GORDON, later Sir Robert Menzies, K. T. (Prime Minister, Australia): 492.

MERGHANI, HAMZAH, Director of Fund African Department ’64-’66: 476.

MIKESELL, RAYMOND F. (U.S. Professor): 95.

MLADEK, JAN VIKTOR (Czechoslovakia), ED ’46-’48;

  • GF ’46-’47;

  • Director of Fund Paris Office ’53-’61;

  • Director of Fund African Department ’61-’64;

  • Director of Fund Central Banking Service ’64-: 128, 138, 141, 157, 158, 176, 186, 206, 207, 232, 476, 553.

MOLOTOV, VYACHESLAV MIKHAILOVICH (Foreign Minister, U.S.S.R.): 212.

MONTEALEGRE, JORGE A. (Nicaragua), AGF ’50, ’55;

  • AED ’60-’62;

  • ED ’62: 490, 498-99.

MORGENTHAU, HENRY, Jr. (Secretary of the Treasury, United States): 7, 12, 13, 16, 25, 28, 31, 46, 54, 56, 79, 81, 84, 91, 122.

MORLIS, MANUEL GILL (Paraguay), GF ’57: 438.

MOROZOV, A. P. (U.S.S.R.), Committee Chairman, Bretton Woods: 105.

MOSSE, ROBERT (France), Committee Rapporteur, Bretton Woods: 91, 97, 102.

MULLER, WALTER (Chile), ED ’60;

  • GF ’60, ’62: 475.

N

NASSR, TAGHI (Iran), AGF ’46: 126.

NATU, W. R. (India), ED ’51-’53: 302, 310, 315, 331, 356, 361.

NAUDE, JOZUA FRANCOIS (South Africa), GF ’56-’58: 448.

NIKOI, AMON (Chana), AED ’60-’65;

  • ED ’65-’68: 551.

O

OPIE, RED VERS (British official): 66, 73, 75.

ORR, Sir JOHN BOYD (Director, FAO): 170-71.

OSSOLA, RINALDO (Italian official): 587.

OVERBY, ANDREW N. (United States), ED ’47-’49;

  • AGF ’48, ’53-’56;

  • Deputy Managing Director ’49-’52: 164, 167, 175, 183-85, 191, 203-205, 217-18, 221-22, 223-24, 227-28, 232, 234, 237, 242-44, 249, 252, 289-90, 302, 377.

P

PALAMENGHI-CRISPI, FRANCESCO (Italy), ED ’67-: 615.

PARANAGUA, OCTAVIO (Brazil), AED ’47-’48;

  • ED ’48-’60;

  • AGF ’48-’52, ’55-’59: 175, 232, 302, 315, 336, 338, 370, 379, 386-87, 406-407, 427, 436, 443, 475.

PARDO, JUAN (Minister of Finance, Peru): 442.

PARKINSON, JOSEPH F. (Canada), AED ’46-’51: 252, 254.

PARSONS, MAURICE HENRY, later Sir Maurice Parsons, Kt. (United Kingdom), AED ’46-’47;

  • AGF ’57-’65;

  • Director of Fund Operations Department ’47-’50: 165-66, 197, 207, 254.

PATEL, I. G. (India), AED ’58-’61;

  • ED ’61;

  • AGF ’55, ’65-’67: 476.

PENDHARKAR, V. G. (India), AED ’53-’56: 390.

PERRY, G. NEIL (Canada), AED ’52-’54: 314, 330, 364, 379.

PFLEIDERER, OTTO (Germany), ED ’52-’53: 336-37.

PHILLIPS, Sir FREDERICK, G.C.M.G. (British official): 16, 41, 49, 51.

PHILLIPS O., ALFREDO (Mexico), AED ’66-’68;

  • ED ’68-: 615.

PINTO, P. J. J. (India), AED ’56-’58: 431.

PITBLADO, DAVID B., later Sir David Pitblado, K.C.B. (United Kingdom), ED ’61-’63;

  • AGF ’61-’62: 476, 499, 514, 525, 551.

PLESCOFF, GEORGES (France), ED ’67-: 615.

PLUMPTRE, ARTHUR FITZWALTER WYNNE (Canada), ED ’62-’65: 499, 502, 538, 550-51.

POLAK, JACQUES J., Director of Fund Research and Statistics Department ’58-: 444, 507, 567-68, 616.

POPOVIC, NENAD (Yugoslavia), ED ’50-’52;

  • AGF ’50, ’60;

  • GF ’53-’57: 259, 336-37.

PORTSMORE, F. J. (United Kingdom), AED ’53-’54: 417.

POWELL, CHARLES M., Fund Comptroller ’46-’50: 144, 168.

PRASAD, P. S. NARAYAN (India), ED ’53-’57: 356, 357-58, 370, 376, 393, 400, 421, 427, 434, 437.

Q

QADIR, ABDUL (Pakistan), AGF ’54-’56;

  • GF ’57-’59: 434.

R

RASMINSKY, LOUIS (Canada), ED ’46-’62;

  • AGF ’50, ’55, ’58, ’60-’68: 91-92, 111, 128, 138, 142, 151-52, 157, 160, 167, 180, 183, 214, 219, 231, 235, 237, 250, 273-74, 279, 294, 310, 336, 386, 390, 392, 424, 426, 444, 466, 475, 480, 499, 501, 504, 509.

RICKETT, DENIS HUBERT FLETCHER, later Sir Denis

Rickett, K.C.M.G. (United Kingdom), ED ’54;

  • AGF ’66: 356-57, 377.

ROBERTSON, DENNIS HOLME, later Sir Dennis Robertson, Kt. (British Professor): 19, 31-32, 37, 41, 59, 68, 265, 280, 442.

ROLL, Sir ERIC, K.C.M.G. (United Kingdom), ED ’63-’65;

  • AGF ’63-’64: 499, 551.

ROOSA, ROBERT V. (United States), AGF ’61-’64: 592.

ROOSEVELT, FRANKLIN DELANO (President, United States): 6, 15, 25, 31, 79, 89.

ROOTH, IVAR, Managing Director, ’51-’56: 260, 263, 296, 302, 303, 317, 323-26, 328-29, 331, 338, 339, 340, 342, 343-44, 345, 349, 351, 353-55, 357, 361, 377, 387, 389, 394, 397, 398, 401, 415, 416-17, 423-24, 471.

S

SAAD, AHMED ZAKI (United Arab Republic), ED ’46-;

  • GF ’46-’52, ’56, ’58-’68: 106, 128-29, 138, 142, 157, 158, 165-66, 168, 169, 173-75, 198, 224, 231, 237, 246, 251, 269-70, 310, 312, 330, 337, 338, 342, 345, 358-59, 370, 373, 376, 386, 390, 396, 404, 420, 426-27, 443-44, 469, 475, 476, 488, 491, 498-99, 506, 529, 550, 566, 577, 581, 615.

SADRIN, JEAN (France), AGF ’59-’61: 511.

SANSON, CARLOS (Nicaragua), AED ’62-’64: 571.

SANTOS-FILHO, FRANCISCO A. DOS (Brazil), ED ’46-’48;

  • GF ’46-’50: 129, 138, 142, 150, 157, 186, 232.

SCHACHT, HJALMAR (German official): 4.

SCHLEIMINGER, GUENTHER (Germany), ED ’68-: 615.

SCHUMAN, ROBERT (Premier, France): 202.

SCHWEITZER, PIERRE-PAUL (France), AED ’47-’48;

  • AGF ’56;

  • Managing Director ’63-: 201, 496-97, 543-44, 548-50, 558, 568-70, 575, 577-78, 580, 587, 591, 614.

SHENOY, B. R. (India), Head of Fund Bombay Office ’49-’50;

  • AED ’51-’53: 232-33.

SIGLIENTI, SERGIO (Italy), ED ’60-’67;

  • AGF ’62: 475, 498-99, 576.

SKJAEVELAND, KARL (Norway), ED ’62-’64: 499, 550.

SLAMET, SOETIKNO (Indonesia), ED ’60-’62;

  • AGF ’54;

  • GF ’60, ’63: 475, 476, 499, 514.

SNYDER, JOHN W. (United States), GF ’46-’52: 218, 235.

SOEGIARTO, R. (Indonesia), AGF ’55-’58;

  • GF ’59: 397.

    SOEMARNO (Indonesia), ED ’58-’60;

  • GF ’61-’62: 444, 475.

SOL, JORGE (El Salvador), AED ’54-’56;

  • ED ’56-’58: 390, 392, 427, 431, 436-37, 443, 464.

SOLOGUREN, SANTIAGO (Bolivia), AGF ’57: 438.

SOUTHARD, FRANK A., Jr. (United States), ED ’49-’62;

  • AGF ’48-’50, ’53-’62;

  • Deputy Managing Director ’62-: 223, 232, 234-37, 240, 244-46, 250, 251-52, 255, 259, 260, 263-64, 266, 273-74, 275, 276-79, 281, 294, 296, 305, 310, 312, 314-15, 325-26, 329-31, 342, 358, 361-62, 369-70, 371, 375, 379, 384, 389, 391-94, 405, 408, 411, 412, 419, 421-22, 431, 433-34, 436, 448-49, 452, 457, 459, 463, 466, 467-68, 471, 480, 496, 506, 514, 525, 537, 571, 614.

SPENDER, Sir PERCY, K.C.V.O. (Australia), GF ’51-’53: 306-307.

STAMP, Hon. ARTHUR MAXWELL (United Kingdom), AED ’51-’53;

  • Director of Fund European Department 53-’54: 281, 305, 310, 314, 320, 322, 325, 329, 337, 340, 357.

STEVENS, JOHN MELIOR, later Sir John Stevens, K.C.M.G. (United Kingdom), Director of Fund European Department ’54-’56;

  • ED ’65-’67;

  • AGF ’65, ’66: 357, 410, 551.

STONE, J. O. (Australia), ED ’67-: 615.

STORM, GUSTAVO F. A. (President of Central Bank of Paraguay): 431.

SUAREZ, EDUARDO (Mexico), Commission Chairman, Bretton Woods: 91.

SUCHARDA, BOHUMIL (Czechoslovakia), ED ’48-’50;

  • GF ’50: 232, 237, 239-40, 258, 259.

SUMANANG (Indonesia), ED ’62-’65: 499, 550-51, 581.

SUZUKI, GENGO (Japan), ED ’60-’66;

  • AGF ’52-’60: 475, 481-82, 498-99.

SUZUKI, HIDEO (Japan), ED ’66-: 615.

T

TANN, BEUE (China), ED ’50-;

  • AGF ’64-’66: 259, 475, 498, 615.

TANSLEY, GEOFFREY HOWSON (United Kingdom), AED ’47-’50: 184, 203, 206, 219, 233, 237, 240-41, 246, 252.

TASCA, HENRY J. (United States), AED ’48-’49: 249-50.

TEJERA-PARIS, ENRIQUE (Venezuela), ED ’65-’66: 551.

TEYSSIER, GERARD M. (France), AED ’64-’67: 583-84.

THOROLD, GUY FREDERICK, later Sir Guy Thorold, K.C.M.G. (United Kingdom), ED ’57-’59: 427, 431, 444, 464, 469.

THORSON, PHILLIP, Director of Fund Administration Department ’54-: 144.

TOUSSAINT, MAURICE (Belgium), AED ’54-’65: 352, 358, 406, 461, 465, 563, 580.

TOWERS, GRAHAM FORD (Canada), AGF ’46-’51, ’53-’54: 132-33, 157.

TRIFFIN, ROBERT, Head of Fund Paris Office ’48-’51: 197, 222-23.

TRUMAN, HARRY S (President, United States): 114, 162, 216.

TSIANG, T. F. (China), Committee Chairman, Bretton Woods: 91.

V

VAN CAMPENHOUT, ANDRE (Belgium), Fund General Counsel ’46-’54;

  • ED ’54-;

  • AGF ’58, ’60: 144, 284, 305, 326, 387, 389, 403, 415, 426-27, 434, 436-37, 443, 457-58, 472, 475, 498, 504, 518, 525, 567, 576-77, 583, 615.

VAN DER VALK, H. M. H. A. (Netherlands), AED ’49-’68: 240, 315, 367.

VARVARESSOS, KYRIAKOS (Greece), Committee Rapporteur, Bretton Woods: 58-59, 91.

VINER, JACOB (U. S. Professor): 17, 72.

VINSON, FRED M. (United States), GF ’46: 95, 97, 123-25.

VIWAT, H. H. Prince (Thailand), GF ’49-’59: 349.

W

WAITZENEGGER, JACQUES (France), AED ’60-’64: 525, 571, 577.

WALEY, Sir DAVID, K.C.M.G. (British Treasury official): 73, 214.

WARREN, J. H. (Canada), AED ’54-’57: 389, 393, 411, 437.

WATANABE, TAKESHI (Japan), ED ’56-’60;

  • AGF ’52-’56: 427, 437, 443, 457, 459, 469, 475.

WELLES, SUMNER (Under Secretary of State, United States): 13, 25.

WEYER, G. A. PH., Director of Fund European and North American Department ’50-’52: 261, 337.

WHITE, HARRY DEXTER (United States), ED ’46-’47: 3-16, 25, 30, 37, 42, 43-45, 54-58, 60, 62, 64-71, 75, 78, 80-82, 84-86, 91, 97, 122, 125, 133-35, 137-39, 142, 143, 147-49, 151, 154, 157, 164, 165, 167, 171, 185, 186, 304, 339, 596-98.

WILLIAMS, LEONARD (Trinidad and Tobago), ED ’68-: 615-16.

WILSON, ROLAND, later Sir Roland Wilson, K.B.E. (Australia), AED ’48-’49: 175.

WOLFSON, HARRY L. (Canada), AED ’51-’52: 419.

WOOD, Rt. Hon. Sir KINGSLEY, Kt. (Chancellor of the Exchequer, United Kingdom): 51, 54, 68.

WOODS, GEORGE D. (President of World Bank ’62-’68): 557.

Y

YAMEOGO, ANTOINE W. (Upper Volta), AED ’64-’66;ED ’66-: 616.

YOUNG, RALPH A. (U. S. official): 396.

YUMOTO, TAKEO (Japan), ED ’52-’56: 336-37, 358, 369-70, 380, 386, 389-90, 427.

Z

ZOLOTAS, XENOPHON (Greece), GF ’46-’66: 133, 541, 544.

GOVERNORS

Governors and/or Alternate Governors for the following countries are mentioned, but not necessarily named, on the pages shown.

AUSTRALIA: 222, 255, 269-70, 281, 306-307, 544, 594-95.

BELGIUM: 195, 268, 295, 316, 329, 341, 567, 578, 590.

BOLIVIA: 438.

BURMA: 363.

CAMEROON: 609.

CANADA: 130, 132-33, 157, 270, 280, 397, 578.

CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC: 609.

CHAD: 609.

CHINA: 123, 130, 222, 258.

CONGO (BRAZZAVILLE): 609.

COSTA RICA: 243.

CZECHOSLOVAKIA: 123, 130, 222, 238, 258, 268, 363.

DAHOMEY: 609.

DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: 130.

EGYPT: 269-70, 396.

EL SALVADOR: 126, 593.

FINLAND: 363.

FRANCE: 123, 129, 238, 280, 295, 306, 434, 448, 510, 511, 544, 578, 590-92, 609.

GABON: 609.

GERMANY: 481, 590-91, 594.

GHANA: 476.

GREECE: 133, 447, 541, 544.

HONDURAS: 126, 132.

INDIA: 126-27, 129, 134, 258, 295, 363.

INDONESIA: 397.

IRAN: 126, 304.

ITALY: 578, 590-94.

IVORY COAST: 609.

JAPAN: 447.

JORDAN: 363.

MALAGASY REPUBLIC: 609.

MALI: 609.

MAURITANIA: 609.

MEXICO: 123, 126, 130, 134, 162, 269, 396, 447.

NETHERLANDS: 222, 268, 280, 282, 396, 398, 440, 492, 510, 578, 590, 592-94.

NIGER: 609.

PAKISTAN: 434, 447.

PARAGUAY: 126, 438.

PERU: 182.

PHILIPPINES: 255, 258.

POLAND: 130.

SENEGAL: 609.

SOUTH AFRICA: 252, 255-56, 270, 280, 295, 396, 448, 544.

THAILAND: 349.

TOGO: 609.

UNITED ARAB REPUBLIC see EGYPT.

UNITED KINGDOM: 123-35, 194-95, 238, 258, 268-69, 304, 340-41, 396-98, 401, 541, 544, 578, 591.

UNITED STATES: 123-35, 162, 255-56, 258, 268, 280, 295, 396, 425, 448, 509-10, 543, 578, 592.

UPPER VOLTA: 609.

YUGOSLAVIA: 222, 258.

Index C. Countries

The entries for each country are arranged in the order in which the subject first appears in the volume. Entries for the first five chapters (through Bretton Woods) which are not significant for later periods are grouped as “prehistory.” References are to pages; page numbers marked with an asterisk (*) refer to tables.

A

AFGHANISTAN: joins Fund, 196, 386;

  • initial par value, 496, 562;

  • drawing, 562.

ALBANIA: inquires about Fund membership, 196.

ALGERIA: joins Fund, 496;

  • quota, 540.

ARGENTINA: joins Fund, 386;

  • “Paris Club,” 407;

  • drawings, 429, 455;

  • stand-by arrangement, 432;

  • initial par value, 435;

  • queries charges, 455;

  • repurchase, 455.

AUSTRALIA: prehistory, 31-36, 46, 48, 79, 81, 82, 85-86, 91, 94, 100, 102, 109;

  • quota, 96*, 98, 168;

  • joins Fund, 117, 163, 165;

  • Savannah, 121;

  • subsidy for gold production, 185, 251, 420;

  • devaluation, 239;

  • repurchases, 277, 519;

  • views on ITO and GATT, 291-92;

  • exchange restrictions, 310;

  • drawings, 321, 328, 486, 490;

  • consultation, 410;

  • exchange controls eased, 466;

  • Article VIII, 482;

  • stand-by arrangement, 490.

AUSTRIA: joins Fund, 163, 196;

  • retention quotas, 317;

  • initial par value, 337;

  • external convertibility, 466;

  • venue of 1961 Annual Meetings, 474;

  • Article VIII, 482.

B

BELGIUM: prehistory, 7, 8, 31-36, 79, 81, 86, 91, 94, 103, 106;

  • quota, 96*;

  • joins Fund, 116;

  • par values of nonmetropolitan territories, 156;

  • exchange arrangements, 205, 313-15, 382, 406;

  • Fund mission, 211;

  • creditor in Europe, 220;

  • drawings, 226, 429;

  • devaluation, 239-41, 272-73;

  • repurchase, 248;

  • sales of gold at premium prices, 251;

  • consultation, 311, 313-15, 320;

  • stand-by arrangement, 321, 329-30, 351, 373, 458;

  • external convertibility, 466;

  • Article VIII, 481-82;

  • GAB, 512*;

  • concern about gold tranche, 567.

BOLIVIA: prehistory, 33-36, 82, 99, 103;

  • quota, 96*;

  • joins Fund, 116;

  • Fund missions, 186, 211;

  • exchange arrangements, 206;

  • consultation, 313, 410;

  • devaluations, 337, 378-79, 381, 383;

  • stand-by arrangement, 431-33, 461;

  • drawings suspended, 433;

  • repurchase schedule, 461.

BOTSWANA: joins Fund, 602.

BRAZIL: prehistory, 7, 31-36, 79, 91, 94;

  • quota, 96*;

  • joins Fund, 116;

  • initial par value, 156, 197;

  • drawings, 242, 244, 321, 347, 364, 535-36;

  • repurchases, 321, 347;

  • exchange arrangements, 381-82, 405-406;

  • Fund missions, 391-92;

  • “Hague Club,” 407;

  • repurchases deferred, 414;

  • stand-by arrangement, 432;

  • venue of 1967 Annual Meetings, 602.

BRITISH HONDURAS: excluded from 1949 devaluations, 239.

BULGARIA: inquiries about membership, 196.

  • BURMA: quota, 96*;

  • not covered by U.K. membership, 196;

  • joins Fund, 301;

  • initial par value, 337, 350;

  • World Bank mission, 342;

  • right to draw, 350;

  • consultation, 410;

  • drawing, 413;

  • exchange controls eased, 466;

  • repurchase, 487.

BURUNDI: joins Fund, 496;

  • quota, 540, 611;

  • drawing, 611.

C

CAMBODIA: applies for Fund membership, 602.

CAMEROON: joins Fund, 496;

  • quota, 540.

CANADA: prehistory, 31-36, 37-39, 48, 79, 81, 82, 86, 94, 104, 106;

  • quota, 96*, 449-50, 583;

  • joins Fund, 116;

  • Savannah, 130;

  • initial par value, 156;

  • subsidies to gold producers, 183-84, 252, 419-20;

  • devaluation, 239;

  • fluctuating exchange rate, 273-74, 376, 413;

  • Article VIII, 312-13, 477;

  • appoints Executive Director, 444;

  • new par value, 501;

  • drawing, 502;

  • GAB, 512, 512*, 514, 611.

CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC: joins Fund, 496;

  • quota, 540.

CEYLON: not covered by U.K. membership, 196;

  • joins Fund, 257;

  • quota, 258, 586;

  • exchange controls eased, 466;

  • devaluation, 610.

CHAD: joins Fund, 496;

  • quota, 540.

CHILE: prehistory, 33-34, 79, 95;

  • quota, 96*;

  • joins Fund, 117;

  • drawings, 192, 226, 347, 487, 565;

  • exchange arrangements, 206-208, 379;

  • Fund mission, 207, 211;

  • consultation, 313, 440;

  • repurchase, 347;

  • devaluation, 379, 381;

  • stand-by arrangements, 414, 430-33, 487, 571;

  • link between wages and prices, 440;

  • new monetary unit, 482.

CHINA (MAINLAND): claims right to membership, 258.

CHINA, REPUBLIC OF: prehistory, 31-36, 80, 81, 86, 94-95, 110;

  • quota, 96*, 98, 150, 451, 585;

  • joins Fund, 116;

  • Savannah, 123, 130;

  • initial par value, 156;

  • exchange arrangements, 206-209, 435;

  • membership challenged, 258;

  • right to draw, 350;

  • devaluation, 482.

COLOMBIA: prehistory, 95;

  • quota, 96*;

  • gold sales at premium prices, 100, 180-82;

  • subsidy to gold producers, 100, 420;

  • joins Fund, 116;

  • exchange arrangements, 206, 382;

  • Fund missions, 211, 393;

  • consultation, 311;

  • drawing, 412;

  • stand-by arrangements, 431-32.

CONGO (BRAZZAVILLE): joins Fund, 496;

  • quota, 540.

CONGO, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF: joins Fund, 496, 552;

  • quota, 540;

  • technical assistance, 551-53;

  • exchange reform, 552.

COSTA RICA: quota, 96*, 586;

  • joins Fund, 116;

  • Fund missions, 186, 211;

  • exchange arrangements, 206, 436;

  • drawings, 242-43;

  • repurchase, 248;

  • Article VIII, 482;

  • devaluation, 482.

CUBA: prehistory, 33-34, 80, 94, 101, 106;

  • quota, 96*, 451;

  • joins Fund, 117;

  • Savannah, 131;

  • restrictions for security reasons, 276;

  • Article VIII, 356, 477;

  • stand-by arrangement, 430;

  • exchange arrangements, 436, 482;

  • withdraws from Fund, 482, 548-50;

  • drawing not repurchased, 529, 548;

  • information not supplied, 549.

CYPRUS: joins Fund, 496;

  • initial par value, 496;

  • quota, 540;

  • devaluation, 609.

CZECHOSLOVAKIA: prehistory, 31-36, 80, 94, 98-99;

  • quota, 96*;

  • joins Fund, 116;

  • Savannah, 123, 130;

  • drawing, 226;

  • Executive Director withdraws, 258;

  • consultation, 313;

  • information not supplied, 313, 361-63, 409-10;

  • exchange rate altered, 337, 356, 359-62;

  • ineligible to use Fund’s resources, 361;

  • withdraws from Fund, 363-64.

D

DAHOMEY: joins Fund, 496;

  • quota, 540.

DENMARK: prehistory, 79, 91;

  • joins Fund, 117;

  • Savannah, 121, 124;

  • quota, 124;

  • representation on Fund Board, 164-66;

  • World Bank mission, 186;

  • currency overvalued, 186;

  • Fund mission, 186;

  • drawings, 226;

  • devaluation, 239, 610;

  • consultations, 315, 410-12;

  • retention quotas, 315, 317;

  • external convertibility, 466;

  • venue of 1970 Annual Meetings, 602.

DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: quota, 96*, 391, 586;

  • joins Fund, 116;

  • Savannah, 130;

  • initial par value, 156, 196-97;

  • Article VIII, 318, 338, 477;

  • consultation, 318;

  • stand-by arrangement, 491.

E

ECUADOR: prehistory, 31-36, 93;

  • quota, 96*, 391, 586;

  • joins Fund, 116;

  • technical assistance, 185-86;

  • Fund missions, 185-86, 211;

  • exchange arrangements, 186, 206, 382;

  • devaluation, 482;

  • stand-by arrangement, 573.

EGYPT: prehistory, 31-36, 94, 106;

  • quota, 96*, 98, 168;

  • joins Fund, 116;

  • net official holdings, 158-59;

  • suggests subscriptions be part of reserves, 159, 170;

  • devaluation, 239;

  • drawings, 242, 244, 413;

  • consultation, 313;

  • Suez Canal incident, 426;

  • becomes United Arab Republic (July 1958), 443;

  • and see UNITED ARAB REPUBLIC.

EL SALVADOR: prehistory, 35;

  • quota, 96*, 391, 537, 539;

  • joins Fund, 117;

  • Savannah, 126;

  • Article VIII, 163, 312, 477;

  • stand-by arrangement, 432.

ETHIOPIA: quota, 96*, 98, 337-38;

  • joins Fund, 116;

  • drawings, 189-90, 226, 325.

F

FIJI: subsidy for gold producer, 420;

  • devaluation, 610.

FINLAND: joins Fund, 163, 196;

  • devaluation, 239-40, 435;

  • drawings, 347, 369;

  • repurchase, 347;

  • stand-by arrangement, 369, 373;

  • external convertibility, 466.

FRANCE: prehistory, 7, 8, 31-36, 80, 85-86, 94, 98, 99, 101-102;

  • quota, 96*, 98, 150, 169, 583;

  • joins Fund, 116;

  • Savannah, 123, 129;

  • par values of nonmetropolitan territories, 156;

  • initial par value, 156;

  • net official holdings, 169;

  • drawings, 190-91, 226, 428, 452, 611;

  • exchange arrangements, 200-206, 610;

  • ineligible to use Fund’s resources, 202, 350, 412;

  • Fund mission, 211;

  • devaluation, 239-40;

  • venue of 1950 Annual Meetings, 258;

  • retention quotas, 317;

  • repurchase, 413;

  • stand-by arrangements, 428, 430, 432, 452;

  • external convertibility, 466;

  • new par value, 466;

  • Article VIII, 481-82;

  • new monetary unit, 482;

  • GAB, 512*, 611.

G

GABON: joins Fund, 496;

  • quota, 540.

GAMBIA, THE: joins Fund, 602;

  • devaluation, 609.

GERMANY: prehistory, 4-5;

  • joins Fund, 301;

  • consultation, 313, 320;

  • retention quotas, 317;

  • initial par value, 337;

  • repurchase obligation, 376;

  • quota, 449-50, 583;

  • external convertibility, 466;

  • appoints Executive Director, 475;

  • Article VIII, 481-82;

  • revaluation, 483;

  • GAB, 512*.

GHANA: joins Fund, 426;

  • exchange controls eased, 466;

  • quota, 586.

GREECE: prehistory, 34-36, 80, 102;

  • quota, 96*, 98;

  • joins Fund, 116;

  • Savannah, 126, 133;

  • initial par value, 156, 482;

  • exchange arrangements, 206;

  • devaluation, 239-40, 383;

  • right to draw, 350;

  • external convertibility, 466.

GUATEMALA: quota, 96*, 586;

  • joins Fund, 116;

  • Article VIII, 163, 312, 477;

  • suggests subscriptions be part of reserves, 170;

  • stand-by arrangement, 490.

GUINEA: joins Fund, 496;

  • quota, 540.

GUYANA: joins Fund, 602;

  • devaluation, 609.

H

HAITI: prehistory, 33-35, 100;

  • quota, 96*, 391;

  • joins Fund, 117, 336;

  • Savannah, 123;

  • Article VIII, 356, 477;

  • stand-by arrangement, 432.

HONDURAS: quota, 96*, 196, 302, 391, 539;

  • joins Fund, 116;

  • Savannah, 126, 132;

  • Article VIII, 258, 312, 477;

  • stand-by arrangement, 432.

HONG KONG: broken cross rates, 349;

  • devaluation, 610.

I

ICELAND: quota, 96*, 338;

  • joins Fund, 116;

  • Savannah, 128;

  • devaluation, 239, 482, 610;

  • drawing and stand-by arrangement, 486.

INDIA: prehistory, 48, 80, 81, 85, 93-94, 95, 104, 106, 107;

  • quota, 96*, 98, 196, 583;

  • joins Fund, 116;

  • Savannah, 126, 128-29;

  • membership of Executive Board, 126-27, 148;

  • drawings, 226, 242, 244, 277, 429, 486-87;

  • devaluation, 239, 380;

  • restrictions for security reasons, 276;

  • stand-by arrangements, 429, 431, 570;

  • venue of 1958 Annual Meetings, 443;

  • World Bank consortium, 444-45, 472;

  • exchange controls eased, 466;

  • repurchases, 612.

INDONESIA: membership resolution, 350-51;

  • right to draw, 350;

  • joins Fund, 356;

  • drawing, 412-13;

  • repurchase, 413;

  • withdraws from Fund and rejoins, 548, 602.

IRAN: quota, 96*, 98, 126, 162, 168;

  • joins Fund, 117;

  • exchange arrangements, 206, 382;

  • consultation, 313;

  • drawings, 348, 412-13;

  • Fund mission, 392;

  • stand-by arrangement, 414, 430-31;

  • devaluation, 435.

IRAQ: quota, 96*, 586;

  • joins Fund, 116;

  • devaluation, 239;

  • exchange controls eased, 466.

IRELAND: joins Fund, 426;

  • external convertibility, 466;

  • Article VIII, 481-82;

  • devaluation, 609.

ISRAEL: joins Fund, 356;

  • quota, 391, 574;

  • initial par value, 435;

  • devaluation, 496, 609.

ITALY: appoints Director (1968), 106;

  • joins Fund (1947), 126, 149, 163;

  • exchange arrangements, 204-205;

  • retention quotas, 317;

  • right to draw, 350;

  • external convertibility, 466;

  • Article VIII, 481-82;

  • initial par value, 482;

  • GAB, 512*;

  • quota, 574;

  • lends to Fund, 611.

IVORY COAST: joins Fund, 496;

  • quota, 540.

J

JAMAICA: Article VIII, 482;

  • joins Fund, 496;

  • initial par value, 496;

  • quota, 540, 586;

  • devaluation, 610.

JAPAN: joins Fund, 301;

  • retention quotas, 317;

  • initial par value, 337;

  • drawings, 364, 429;

  • repurchases, 364, 413;

  • quota, 449-50, 583;

  • Article VIII, 482;

  • venue of 1964 Annual Meetings, 500;

  • GAB, 512*.

JORDAN: joins Fund, 301;

  • exchange controls eased, 466;

  • quota, 540, 586.

K

KENYA: joins Fund, 547.

KOREA: joins Fund, 386;

  • devaluations, 482.

KUWAIT: Article VIII, 482;

  • joins Fund, 496;

  • initial par value, 496;

  • quota, 540.

L

LAOS: technical assistance, 428;

  • joins Fund, 474;

  • quota, 540, 585.

LEBANON: joins Fund, 126, 149, 163;

  • exchange arrangements, 272;

  • quota, 540.

LESOTHO: joins Fund, 602.

LIBERIA: quota, 96*, 540, 586;

  • joins Fund, 117-18, 496;

  • Savannah, 123;

  • initial par value, 496.

LIBYA: joins Fund, 443;

  • quota, 447, 540;

  • exchange controls eased, 466.

LUXEMBOURG: prehistory, 31-36;

  • quota, 96*;

  • joins Fund, 116;

  • devaluation, 239;

  • consultation, 313-15, 320;

  • exchange arrangements, 313-15, 382;

  • external convertibility, 466;

  • Article VIII, 481-82.

M

MALAGASY REPUBLIC: joins Fund, 496;

  • quota, 540.

MALAWI: joins Fund, 547;

  • devaluation, 609.

MALAYSIA: joins Fund (as MALAYA), 443;

  • exchange controls eased, 466;

  • initial par value, 496;

  • becomes Malaysia, 547;

  • quota, 574.

MALI: joins Fund, 496;

  • quota, 540;

  • stand-by arrangement, 564;

  • drawing, 564.

MALTA: joins Fund, 602.

MAURITANIA: joins Fund, 496;

  • quota, 540.

MAURITIUS: joins Fund, 602

MEXICO: prehistory, 8, 34-36, 80, 81, 82, 86, 94-95, 99, 100-102;

  • quota, 96*;

  • joins Fund, 116;

  • Savannah, 123, 126, 130, 134;

  • Article VIII, 163, 312, 477;

  • gold sales at premium prices, 179, 182;

  • drawings, 191, 228, 377, 380, 506;

  • exchange arrangements, 206, 228, 245;

  • exchange controls, 228, 380;

  • Fund mission, 228;

  • stand-by arrangements, 245, 328, 364, 370, 373, 375-76, 380, 432;

  • venue of 1952 Annual Meetings, 320, 339;

  • devaluation, 379-81.

MOROCCO: joins Fund, 443;

  • exchange controls eased, 466;

  • quota, 586.

N

NEPAL: joins Fund, 474;

  • quota, 540;

  • devaluation, 610.

NETHERLANDS: prehistory, 7, 8, 31-36, 80, 86, 107;

  • quota, 96*;

  • joins Fund, 116;

  • par values of non-metropolitan territories, 156;

  • Fund missions, 186, 211, 227;

  • drawings, 190-91, 226-27, 242-43, 245-46, 429;

  • devaluation, 239;

  • retention quotas, 317;

  • repurchases, 321, 347;

  • exchange arrangements, 382;

  • stand-by arrangement, 429;

  • external convertibility, 466;

  • Article VIII, 481-82;

  • revaluation, 483;

  • GAB, 512*.

NEW ZEALAND: prehistory, 48, 94;

  • quota, 96*, 98;

  • joins Fund, 118, 163, 474;

  • Savannah, 121;

  • inquiry re exchange controls, 163;

  • exchange controls eased, 466;

  • initial par value, 496;

  • devaluation, 610.

NICARAGUA: quota, 96*, 391, 586;

  • joins Fund, 117;

  • Fund mission, 186;

  • seeks lower service charge, 229;

  • drawing, 242;

  • repurchase, 248, 283;

  • devaluation, 380-81;

  • stand-by arrangement, 430, 432;

  • Article VIII, 482.

NIGER: joins Fund, 496, 499;

  • quota, 540.

NIGERIA: World Bank mission, 342;

  • joins Fund, 474;

  • initial par value, 496.

NORWAY: prehistory, 31-36, 80, 94, 106, 107, 110;

  • quota, 96*;

  • joins Fund, 116;

  • Savannah, 131;

  • Fund mission, 211, 227;

  • drawings, 226-27;

  • devaluation, 239;

  • purchase of dollars with gold, 242;

  • external convertibility, 466.

P

PAKISTAN: joins Fund, 163, 257;

  • quota, 258;

  • devaluation, 380-81;

  • stand-by arrangement, 432;

  • exchange controls eased, 466;

  • drawing, 611.

PANAMA: prehistory, 35;

  • quota, 33, 96*, 451, 540, 574;

  • joins Fund, 116;

  • Article VIII, 163, 312, 477.

PARAGUAY: prehistory, 31-36;

  • quota, 96*, 126, 150, 391;

  • joins Fund, 116;

  • devaluation, 380-81;

  • consultation, 410;

  • drawings, 415;

  • repurchase, 415;

  • stand-by arrangements, 430-32, 488.

PERU: quota, 96*;

  • joins Fund, 116;

  • gold sales at premium prices, 179-82;

  • exchange arrangements, 206, 273;

  • Fund mission, 211;

  • stand-by arrangements, 364, 370, 373-75, 414, 432-33, 488;

  • Article VIII, 481-82.

PHILIPPINES: prehistory, 31-36;

  • quota, 96*, 338, 447;

  • joins Fund, 116;

  • drawing, 412;

  • subsidy for gold producers, 419-20;

  • stand-by arrangement, 573.

POLAND: prehistory, 31-36, 80;

  • quota, 96*;

  • joins Fund, 116;

  • Savannah, 130;

  • initial par value, 156, 197;

  • withdraws from Fund, 258, 263.

PORTUGAL: external convertibility, 466;

  • joins Fund, 474;

  • initial par value, 496.

R

RHODESIA see SOUTHERN RHODESIA.

RWANDA: joins Fund, 496;

  • quota, 540.

S

SAUDI ARABIA: joins Fund, 426;

  • Article VIII, 482;

  • quota, 586.

SENEGAL: joins Fund, 496;

  • quota, 540, 585.

SIAM see THAILAND.

SIERRA LEONE: joins Fund, 496;

  • quota, 540;

  • devaluation, 610.

  • SINGAPORE: joins Fund, 547, 602.

SOMALIA: joins Fund, 496;

  • initial par value, 496;

  • quota, 540.

SOUTH AFRICA: prehistory, 35-36, 48, 110;

  • quota, 96*;

  • joins Fund, 116;

  • devaluation, 234, 239;

  • drawings, 242, 244, 249;

  • exchange restrictions, 244, 248-50;

  • import restrictions, 250-51;

  • discrimination, 250;

  • sales of gold at premium prices, 252-54, 294-96;

  • visit by Managing Director, 254;

  • proposal re gold sales at premium prices, 255-56, 293-95;

  • consultations, 313, 410;

  • stand-by arrangements, 432, 490;

  • request for study of liquidity, 446;

  • exchange controls eased, 466;

  • new monetary unit, 482;

  • request to purchase sterling for gold, 614.

SOUTHERN RHODESIA: subsidy for gold producers, 252, 419.

SOUTHERN YEMEN: applies for Fund membership, 602.

SPAIN: stand-by arrangement (July 1959), 432;

  • joins Fund (Sept. 1958), 443;

  • devaluation, 609;

  • drawing, 611.

SUDAN: joins Fund, 426;

  • exchange controls eased, 466;

  • drawing, 536;

  • quota, 586.

SWAZILAND: applies for Fund membership, 602.

SWEDEN: joins Fund, 257;

  • quota, 258;

  • retention quotas, 317;

  • external convertibility, 466;

  • Article VIII, 481-82;

  • GAB, 512, 512*.

SWITZERLAND: prehistory, 7;

  • GAB, 514-15, 569, 612.

SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC: joins Fund (as SYRIA), 126, 149, 163;

  • exchange arrangements, 206;

  • Fund mission, 211;

  • consultation, 410;

  • link with United Arab Republic (1958-61), 443, 495;

  • quota, 536, 539, 586;

  • and see UNITED ARAB REPUBLIC.

T

TANZANIA: joins Fund (as TANGANYIKA), 496;

  • quota, 540;

  • becomes Tanzania, 547.

THAILAND: joins Fund, 163, 231;

  • right to draw, 349-51;

  • membership resolution, 351;

  • exchange arrangements, 382;

  • quota, 586.

TOGO: joins Fund, 496;

  • quota, 540, 585.

TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO: joins Fund, 496;

  • quota, 540;

  • Fund report publicized, 557;

  • devaluation, 610.

TUNISIA: joins Fund, 443;

  • exchange controls eased, 466;

  • quota, 586.

TURKEY: joins Fund, 126, 149, 163;

  • drawings, 226, 347;

  • consultations, 313, 352, 410;

  • venue of 1955 Annual Meetings, 394;

  • postponement of repurchase, 414;

  • devaluation, 482;

  • stand-by arrangement, 573.

U

UGANDA: joins Fund, 496;

  • quota, 540.

UNION OF SOUTH AFRICA see SOUTH AFRICA.

U.S.S.R.: prehistory, 31, 80, 81-82, 86, 91, 93-95, 98-100, 105, 117;

  • quota, 78, 96*, 98;

  • Savannah, 122.

UNITED ARAB REPUBLIC: link with Syria, 443, 495;

  • seeks gold collateral drawing, 523-25;

  • drawings, 524-26, 536, 611;

  • stabilization program 524-26;

  • repurchase, 525-26;

  • stand-by arrangement, 525-26;

  • quota, 536;

  • and sec EGYPT and SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC.

UNITED KINGDOM: prehistory, 4-6, 7, 8, 31, 54-78, 80, 81-87, 93-95, 97-98, 103-105, 114;

  • quota, 96*;

  • Anglo-American Financial Agreement, 53, 64, 116, 123, 187, 194;

  • joins Fund, 116;

  • Savannah, 123-35;

  • seeks interpretation, 127, 148-49;

  • par values of non-metropolitan territories, 156, 239, 610;

  • progress toward convertibility, 161, 187, 194, 352-55, 398, 401-402, 469;

  • venue of 1947 Annual Meetings, 162, 194;

  • currency subscription, 169-70;

  • drawings, 191-92, 226, 277, 428, 486-87, 515, 519, 562, 568-69, 572, 611;

  • devaluation, 239, 380, 609;

  • restrictions for security reasons, 276;

  • repurchases, 277, 518-19, 523, 611;

  • consultations, 320, 407, 482;

  • transferable sterling market, 352, 399, 405;

  • fluctuating rate for sterling suggested, 353-55, 376;

  • Exchange Equalization Account, 399, 405;

  • London gold market, 417-18, 484-85, 614;

  • stand-by arrangements, 428-30, 432, 486, 490, 515, 523, 568, 572;

  • external convertibility, 466, 469;

  • Article VIII, 481-82;

  • assistance from central banks, 483, 569, 610;

  • GAB, 512*;

  • stabilization of sterling balances, 610.

UNITED STATES: prehistory, 4-6, 7, 54-78, 79-88, 93-95, 97-109, 114;

  • quota, 96*;

  • Bretton Woods Agreements Act, 114-15, 127, 148;

  • National Advisory Council, 114-15, 133, 234;

  • Anglo-American Financial Agreement, 53, 64, 116, 123, 187, 194;

  • joins Fund, 116;

  • Savannah, 121-35;

  • seeks interpretation, 127, 148-49;

  • Article VIII, 163, 312, 477;

  • European Recovery Program, 194, 212-23, 326;

  • venue of Annual Meetings, 195, 339, 396, 443, 474, 499, 602, 614;

  • gold stocks, 215, 465, 485;

  • President’s Committee on Foreign Aid, 215;

  • Economic Cooperation Administration, 218;

  • restrictions for security reasons, 275-76, 363;

  • obligations re Fund investment, 305, 421;

  • Fund replenishes dollar holdings, 433-34;

  • forward sales of currencies, 483-84;

  • inter-central-bank cooperation, 483-84, 569;

  • policy on gold, 484-85;

  • GAB, 512*;

  • stand-by arrangements, 523, 531, 567;

  • drawings, 531, 610-11;

  • repurchases, 612.

UPPER VOLTA: joins Fund, 496;

  • quota, 540.

URUGUAY: quota, 96*;

  • joins Fund, 116;

  • initial par value, 156, 482;

  • exchange arrangements, 206;

  • Fund mission, 211;

  • consultations, 313, 410;

  • right to draw, 350.

V

VENEZUELA: prehistory, 31-36;

  • quota, 96*, 338;

  • joins Fund, 118, 163;

  • Savannah, 122;

  • multiple currency practices, 155, 318, 436;

  • consultation, 318;

  • devaluation, 482.

VIET-NAM: joins Fund, 386;

  • Fund mission, 393.

Y

YUGOSLAVIA: quota, 96*, 98;

  • joins Fund, 116;

  • Savannah, 126;

  • initial par value, 156;

  • drawings, 242, 246-47, 486-87, 611;

  • exchange arrangements, 382;

  • stand-by arrangement, 489.

Z

ZAMBIA: joins Fund, 547.

ZANZIBAR: applies for membership, but joins Tanganyika, 547.

Index D. Articles of Agreement

The page numbers given for an Article may also refer to individual Sections of that Atticle. References given for Sections of an Article are not necessarily repeated against the Article itself.

The text of the Articles will be found in Volume III of this history. Those adopted at Bretton Woods are on pages 185-214 of Volume III; those embodied in the Amendment that came into force in July 1969 are on pages 521-38 of that volume.

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Index E. Executive Board Decisions

Decisions Cited by Number

The citation is usually in a footnote. The text of these decisions is given in full in Volume III of this history, pp. 219-77, 492-94.

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Other Major Decisions

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Index F. Publications Cited

Numbers refer to pages. The publication is usually cited in a footnote.

A

  • Alphand, Hervé, and André Istel. Suggestions françaises relative aux relations monétaires internationales, Bank for International Settlements, H.S. 99 (May 1943); English version in The New York Times, May 9, 1943: 37.

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  • Altman, Oscar L. “Quotas in the International Monetary Fund,” Staff Papers, Vol. V (1956-57), pp. 136–41: 95.

  • Auboin, Roger. The Bank for International Settlements, 1930-1955, Princeton University Essays in International Finance, No. 22 (Princeton, 1955): 7.

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B

  • Baffi, Paolo. “Monetary Analysis in Italy,” Staff Papers, Vol. V (1956-57), pp. 316–22: 396.

  • Bank for International Settlements, Eighth Annual Report, 1st April 1937 to 31st March 1938 (Basle, 1938): 7.

  • Bernstein, Edward M. “Latent Inflation: Problems and Policies,” Staff Papers, Vol. I (1950-51), pp. 1–16: 211.

  • Bernstein, Edward M. “Wage-Price Links in a Prolonged Inflation,” Staff Papers, Vol. VI (1957-58), pp. 323–68: 438, 440-41.

  • Bernstein, Edward M. “World Monetary System Seen Needing SDRs,” The Washington Post (Washington), June 5, 1968, p. D–9: 69.

  • Beyen, J. W. Money in a Maelstrom (New York, 1949): 17.

  • Birkenhead, Earl of. The Prof in Two Worlds (London, 1961): 353.

  • Blum, John Morton. From the Morgenthau Diaries; Vol. III: Years of War, 1941-45 (Boston, 1967): 12, 26, 54, 55, 65, 80, 92-93.

C

Curzon, Gerard. Multilateral Commercial Diplomacy: The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade and Its Impact on National Commercial Policies and Techniques (London, 1965): 292.

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F

  • Feis, Herbert. “Restoring Trade After the War,” Foreign Affairs (New York), Vol. 20 (1941-42), pp. 282–92: 16-17.

  • Fleming, J. Marcus, Rudolf Rhomberg, and Lorette Boissoneault. “Export Norms and Their Role in Compensatory Financing,” Staff Papers, Vol. X (1963), pp. 97–149: 534.

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G

  • Gardner, Richard N. Sterling-Dollar Diplomacy, 2nd ed. (New York, 1969): 56, 114, 116.

  • Gold, Joseph. The Fund Agreement in the Courts, IMF Monograph Series, No. 2 (Washington, 1962). See also “The Fund Agreement in the Courts—VIII,” Staff Papers, Vol. XI (1964), pp. 457–89, and “The Fund Agreement in the Courts—IX,” Staff Papers, Vol. XIV (1967), pp. 369–402: 210.

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  • Gold, Joseph. Interpretation by the Fund, IMF Pamphlet Series, No. 11 (Washington, 1968): 110.

  • Gold, Joseph. The Reform of the Fund, IMF Pamphlet Series, No. 12 (Washington, 1969): 607.

  • Gold, Joseph. Special Drawing Rights, IMF Pamphlet Series, No. 13 (Washington, 1969): 605.

  • Gutt, Camille. The Practical Problem of Exchange Rates: An Address Before the Littauer School of Public Administration, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass., February 13, 1948 (Washington, [1948]): 155.

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H

  • Hansard, House of Commons (London), 5th Series, Vol. 389, Cols. 645–62: 51, 68.

  • Hansard, House of Lords (London), 5th Series, Vol. CXXVII, Cols. 527–37, and Vol. CXXXI, Cols. 838–49: 51, 66, 68.

  • Harrod, R. F. The Life of John Maynard Keynes (Princeton and London, 1951): 13, 15, 55, 123.

  • Hicks, Earl, Graeme S. Dorrance, and Gerard R. Aubanel. “Monetary Analyses,” Staff Papers, Vol. V (1956-57), pp. 342–433: 396.

  • Holtrop, M. W. “Method of Monetary Analysis Used by De Nederlandsche Bank,” Staff Papers, Vol. V (1956-57), pp. 303–315: 396.

  • Horsefield, J. Keith. “The Measurement of Inflation,” Staff Papers, Vol. I (1950-51), pp. 17–48: 211.

  • Høst-Madsen, Poul. “Asymmetries Between Balance of Payments Surpluses and Deficits,” Staff Papers, Vol. IX (1962), pp. 182–201: 545.

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I

  • [International Monetary Fund]. “The Adequacy of Monetary Reserves,” Staff Papers, Vol. III (1953-54), pp. 181–227: 334-35.

  • International Monetary Fund. Annual Report of the Executive Directors: 1st (1946), 161, 238 242; 2nd (1947), 156, 174, 181, 194; 3rd (1948), 185, 202, 204, 208, 211-12, 219-21; 4th (1949), 236; 5th (1950), 267, 268, 272, 295; 6th (1951), 268-69, 272, 275, 281, 295, 318; 8th (1953), 318; 9th (1954), 332, 397; 10th (1955), 397, 415n, 422; 11th (1956), 402 415n; 12th (1957), 415n, 423-24, 441; 13th (1958), 332, 415n; 14th (1959), 415, 420, 468, 477, 524; 15th (1960), 481, 492; 16th (1961), 420, 492, 509, 565; 17th (1962), 420, 541, 565n; 18th (1963), 420, 542-43, 565; 19th (1964), 420, 553, 575-76, 589-90, 592-93; 20th (1965), 420, 553, 584, 591-92; 21st (1966), 420, 536; 23rd (1968), 605-608.

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  • International Monetary Fund. Annual Report on Exchange Restrictions: 1st (1950), 265; 2nd (1951), 265; 4th (1953), 319; 6th (1955), 399, 401; 10th (1959), 468.

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  • International Monetary Fund. Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund: see INDEX D.

  • International Monetary Fund. Balance of Payments Manual (Washington, 1948): 199.

  • International Monetary Fund. Balance of Payments Yearbook (Washington): 1948 and Preliminary 1949, 346; Vol. 3, 1949-50, 346; Vol. 4, 1950-51, 347; Vol. 5, 1947-53, 347.

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  • International Monetary Fund. By-Laws, Rules and Regulations, International Monetary Fund (Washington, v.d.): see INDEX A.

  • International Monetary Fund. Compensatory Financing of Export Fluctuations: A Report by the International Monetary Fund on Compensatory Financing of the Fluctuations in Exports of Primary Exporting Countries (Washington, 1963): 535–36.

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  • International Monetary Fund. Compensatory Financing of Export Fluctuations; Developments in the Fund’s Facility: A Second Report by the International Monetary Fund on Compensatory Financing of the Fluctuations in Exports of Primary Producing Countries (Washington, 1966): 612.

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  • International Monetary Fund. Current Problems of Credit and Fiscal Policy: An Informal Discussion (Washington, 1957): 442.

  • International Monetary Fund. Enlargement of Fund Resources Through Increases in Quotas: Report by the Executive Directors to the Board of Governors of the International Monetary Fund (Washington, 1958): 449-50, 565n.

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  • International Monetary Fund. The First Ten Years of the International Monetary Fund (Washington, 1956): 423.

  • International Monetary Fund. “Fund Policies and Procedures in Relation to the Compensatory Financing of Commodity Fluctuations,” Staff Papers, Vol. VIII (1960-61), pp. 1–76: 532-33.

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  • International Monetary Fund. International Financial News Survey (Washington), Vol. XVII (1965), pp. 209–16: 591-92.

  • International Monetary Fund. International Reserves and Liquidity: A Study by the Staff of the International Monetary Fund (Washington, 1958): 447-48, 491.

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  • International Monetary Fund. Outline of a Facility Based on Special Drawing Rights in the Fund (Washington, 1967): 605.

  • International Monetary Fund. Selected Decisions of the Executive Directors and Selected Documents, Third Issue (Washington, January 1965): 114.

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  • International Monetary Fund. Selected Documents, Board of Governors’ Inaugural Meeting (Washington, 1946): 121, 124, 127, 129.

  • International Monetary Fund. Summary Proceedings of the Board of Governors: 1946, 150, 162, 350; 1947, 194; 1948, 164, 349; 1949, 238, 255-56; 1950, 258, 295; 1951, 258, 260, 265; 1952, 303, 306-307, 316, 340, 349-50; 1953, 339, 341, 351, 354; 1954, 362-63, 398, 440, 562; 1955, 396, 401; 1956, 397; 1957, 425, 438, 441, 447; 1958, 448; 1959, 468; 1960, 476, 481, 492; 1961, 492, 509-10; 1962, 500, 541; 1963, 522, 543-44; 1964, 567, 578, 590-91, 593; 1965, 567, 588, 591-92, 594-95; 1967, 605; 1968, 605, 608.

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J

  • Jacobsson, Per. International Monetary Problems, 1957-1963: Selected Speeches of Per Jacobsson, IMF Monograph Series, No. 3 (Washington, 1964): 503.

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  • Jacobsson, Per. The Role of Money in a Dynamic Economy, The Arthur K. Salomon Lecture, Graduate School of Business Administration, New York University (New York, 1963): 521.

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  • Joint Statement by Experts on the Establishment of an International Monetary Fund (April 1944): 66 and see INDEX A.

K

  • Karpinski, Zygmunt. “The Cooperation of Central Banks in the Regulation of Balance of Payments,” The Polish Economist (London), Jan.-June 1942, pp. 40–53: 17.

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  • Keynes, John Maynard. The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money (London and New York, 1936): 55.

  • Keynes, John Maynard. Treatise on Money, Vol. II (London, 1930): 16.

L

  • Lary, Hal B., and associates. The United States in the World Economy, U.S. Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce, Economic Series, No. 23 (Washington, 1943): 46.

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  • League of Nations. International Currency Experience: Lessons of the Inter-War Period (Geneva, 1944): 8.

  • League of Nations. Report on Exchange Control (Geneva, 1938): 9.

  • Leith-Ross, Sir Frederic, G.C.M.G., K.C.B. Money Talks (London, 1968): 16.

  • Lovasy, Gertrud. “Survey and Appraisal of Proposed Schemes of Compensatory Financing,” Staff Papers, Vol. XII (1965), pp. 189–223: 533.

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M

  • Measures for International Economic Stability: Report by a Group of Experts Appointed by the Secretary-General, United Nations, Department of Economic Affairs (New York, 1951): 332, 385.

  • Mikesell, Raymond F. “Negotiating at Bretton Woods, 1944,” in Negotiating with the Russians, Raymond Dennett and Joseph E. Johnson, editors (Boston, 1951), pp. 101–16: 77, 117.

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  • Ministerial Statement of the Group of Ten and Annex Prepared by Deputies (Paris, August 1964): 591.

  • Mossé, Robert. Les Problèmes monétaires internationaux (Paris, 1967): 97.

  • Mossé, Robert. Le système monétaire de Bretton Woods et les grands problèmes de l’après guerre (Paris, 1948): 97.

N

  • National and International Measures for Full Employment: Report by a Group of Experts Appointed by the Secretary-General, United Nations, Department of Economic Affairs (New York, December 1949): 287-88, 332.

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  • “National Currency Counterpart of Drawings on the Fund,” Staff Papers, Vol. VI (1957-58), pp. 171–79: 438-40.

  • Norway, Stortinget. Om samtykke til at Norge tiltrer avtalene om det internasjonale valutafond m.v. [Concerning Approval of Norway’s Acceptance of the International Monetary Fund Agreements, etc.]: 95.

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O

Oliver, R. W. The Origins of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, unpublished thesis, Princeton University (Princeton, 1959): 12.

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P

  • Penrose, E. F. Economic Planning for the Peace (Princeton and London, 1953): 53, 55.

  • Preliminary Draft Outline of a Proposal for an International Stabilization Fund of the United and Associated Nations (July 10, 1943) (White Plan) see INDEX A, WHITE PLAN.

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  • Proposals for an International Clearing Union (April 1943) (Keynes Plan) see INDEX A, KEYNES PLAN.

Q

Qureshi, Moeen A., Yoshio Mizoe, and Francis d’A. Collings. “The Liberian Economy,” Staff Papers. Vol. XI (1964), pp. 285–326: 554.

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R

  • Rhomberg, Rudolf R., and Paola Fortucci. “Projection of U.S. Current Account Balance for 1964 from a World Trade Model,” Staff Papers, Vol. XI (1964), pp. 414–33: 546.

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  • Robertson, Dennis H. “The Post-War Monetary Plans,” The Economic Journal (London), Vol. LIII (1943), pp. 352–60: 37, 50, 68.

  • Robertson, Dennis H. Utility and All That (London, 1952): 19.

  • Robinson, Joan. “The International Currency Plans,” The Economic Journal (London), Vol. LIII (1943), pp. 161–75: 50.

T

Tentative Draft Proposals of Canadian Experts for an International Exchange Union (July 12, 1943) (Canadian Plan): 37–39, 131.

U

  • United Nations. Commodity Trade and Economic Development [report to ECOSOC], UN Document No. E/2519, November 25, 1953: 384.

  • [U.S.] Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Bretton Woods Agreements: A Bibliography, April 1943-December 1945 (Washington, 1946): 32.

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  • [U.S.] Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. Federal Reserve Bulletin (Washington), Vol. 26 (1940), pp. 517–25: 10.

  • [U.S.] Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. Federal Reserve Bulletin (Washington), Vol. 29 (1943), pp. 501–21: 31.

  • [U.S.] Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. Federal Reserve Bulletin (Washington), Vol. 30 (1944), p. 437: 67.

  • U.S. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations (81:1). Extension of European Recovery. Hearings on S. 833, a Bill to amend the Economic Cooperation Act of 1948, February 8-28, 1949: 235.

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  • U.S. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations (81:1). Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations (76:3). Inter-American Bank. Hearings Before a Subcommittee … on Executive K, May 5 and 6, 1941: 114.

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  • U.S. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations (81:1). Senate. Committee on the Judiciary (84:1). Interlocking Subversion in Government Departments. Hearings Before the Internal Security Subcommittee, June 1, 1955: 8, 10.

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  • [U.S.] Department of State Bulletin (Washington), Vol X (1944): 67.

  • [U.S.] Department of State. Proceedings and Documents of United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference, Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, July 1–22, 1944 (Washington, 1948): 89, 91, 93-96, 98-111, 117, 131, 171, 229, 354, 517.

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  • [U.S.] President’s Committee on Foreign Aid. European Recovery and American Aid (Washington, November 7, 1947): 215.

  • [U.S.] Report of the Secretary of the U.S. Treasury, Fiscal Year 1936/37 (Washington), pp. 258–62: 7.

  • [U.S.] Report of the Secretary of the U.S. Treasury, Fiscal Year 1937/38 (Washington), p. 268: 7.

  • [U.S.] Report of the Secretary of the U.S. Treasury, Fiscal Year 1939/40 (Washington), p. 137: 10.

  • [U.S.] Report of the Secretary of the U.S. Treasury, Fiscal Year 1941/42 (Washington), p. 291: 8.

  • [U.S.] Report of the Secretary of the U.S. Treasury, Fiscal Year 1942/43 (Washington), p. 349: 31.

  • [U.S.] Treasury Department. Questions and Answers on the International Monetary Fund (Washington, June 1944): 47, 365.

  • [U.S.] Treasury Department. Division of Monetary Research. A Suggested Formula for the Determination of Member Country Quotas (June 9, 1943, mimeographed): 96.

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V

  • Van Zeeland, Paul. Report to the Governments of the United Kingdom and France (published by the British Government as Cmd. 5648), January 26, 1938: 9, 37.

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  • Viner, Jacob. “Two Plans for International Monetary Stabilization,” Yale Review (New Haven), Vol. 33 (1943-44), pp. 77–107: 56.

  • Viner, Jacob. “Objectives of Post-War International Economic Reconstruction,” reprinted in American Economic Objectives, William McKee, ed., The Economic and Business Foundation (New Wilmington, Pa., 1942), pp. 161–77: 17.

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W

  • White, Harry D. Imaginary Hearings Before the Special Senatorial Committee on Silver (February 1939, MS.), Princeton papers (Harry Dexter White papers deposited at Princeton University), Box 2, File 8: 56.

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  • White, Harry D.. Imaginary Hearings on Gold Before the Senate Committee on Banking and Currency (May 1937, MS.), Princeton papers, Box 2, File 7: 56.

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  • White, Harry D.. “Post-War Currency Stabilization,” The American Economic Review, Vol. XXXIII (1943), Supplement, pp. 382–87: 31.

  • White, Harry D.. Recovery Program: The International Monetary Aspect (1935, MS.), Princeton papers, Box 1, File 6: 9.

  • White, Harry D.. Some Notes on the Articles of Agreement of the IMF (mimeographed), Princeton papers, Box 10, File 27: 65, 142-43.

  • Williams, John H. Address to the American Economic Association, December 28, 1936, reprinted in The American Economic Review, Vol. XXVII, No. 1, Supplement, March 1937, pp. 151–68, and in John H. Williams, Postwar Monetary Plans and Other Essays, 3rd ed. (New York, 1947), pp. 199–227, under the title “International Monetary Organization and Policy”: 17.

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  • Williams, John H.. “Currency Stabilization: The Keynes and White Plans,” Foreign Affairs (New York), Vol. 21 (1943), pp. 645–58. Reprinted in John H. Williams, Postwar Monetary Plans and Other Essays, 3rd ed. (New York, 1947), pp. 3–21: 17, 37.

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Y

  • Young, John Parke. “Developing Plans for an International Monetary Fund and a World Bank,” Department of State Bulletin (Washington), Vol. 23 (1950), pp. 778–90. Reprinted as Department of State Publications, No. 4046, International Organization and Conference Series IV, International Bank and Monetary Fund 1 (Washington, 1950): 80.

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  • Young, Ralph A. “Federal Reserve Flow-of-Funds Accounts,” Staff Papers, Vol. V (1956-57), pp. 323–41: 396.

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Cover The International Monetary Fund 1945-1965
The International Monetary Fund 1945-1965
Twenty Years of International Monetary Cooperation Volume I: Chronicle
ISBN:
9781451955255
Publication Date:
29 Feb 1996
Publisher:
International Monetary Fund
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5089/9781451955255.071
Pages:
681

Headquarters Organization 1946–1968

Headquarters Organization 1946–1968

  • Alphand, Hervé, and André Istel. Suggestions françaises relative aux relations monétaires internationales, Bank for International Settlements, H.S. 99 (May 1943); English version in The New York Times, May 9, 1943: 37.

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  • Altman, Oscar L. “Quotas in the International Monetary Fund,” Staff Papers, Vol. V (1956-57), pp. 136–41: 95.

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  • Feis, Herbert. “Restoring Trade After the War,” Foreign Affairs (New York), Vol. 20 (1941-42), pp. 282–92: 16-17.

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  • Gardner, Richard N. Sterling-Dollar Diplomacy, 2nd ed. (New York, 1969): 56, 114, 116.

  • Gold, Joseph. The Fund Agreement in the Courts, IMF Monograph Series, No. 2 (Washington, 1962). See also “The Fund Agreement in the Courts—VIII,” Staff Papers, Vol. XI (1964), pp. 457–89, and “The Fund Agreement in the Courts—IX,” Staff Papers, Vol. XIV (1967), pp. 369–402: 210.

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  • Gold, Joseph. Interpretation by the Fund, IMF Pamphlet Series, No. 11 (Washington, 1968): 110.

  • Gold, Joseph. The Reform of the Fund, IMF Pamphlet Series, No. 12 (Washington, 1969): 607.

  • Gold, Joseph. Special Drawing Rights, IMF Pamphlet Series, No. 13 (Washington, 1969): 605.

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  • Hansard, House of Commons (London), 5th Series, Vol. 389, Cols. 645–62: 51, 68.

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  • [International Monetary Fund]. “The Adequacy of Monetary Reserves,” Staff Papers, Vol. III (1953-54), pp. 181–227: 334-35.

  • International Monetary Fund. Annual Report of the Executive Directors: 1st (1946), 161, 238 242; 2nd (1947), 156, 174, 181, 194; 3rd (1948), 185, 202, 204, 208, 211-12, 219-21; 4th (1949), 236; 5th (1950), 267, 268, 272, 295; 6th (1951), 268-69, 272, 275, 281, 295, 318; 8th (1953), 318; 9th (1954), 332, 397; 10th (1955), 397, 415n, 422; 11th (1956), 402 415n; 12th (1957), 415n, 423-24, 441; 13th (1958), 332, 415n; 14th (1959), 415, 420, 468, 477, 524; 15th (1960), 481, 492; 16th (1961), 420, 492, 509, 565; 17th (1962), 420, 541, 565n; 18th (1963), 420, 542-43, 565; 19th (1964), 420, 553, 575-76, 589-90, 592-93; 20th (1965), 420, 553, 584, 591-92; 21st (1966), 420, 536; 23rd (1968), 605-608.

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  • International Monetary Fund. Annual Report on Exchange Restrictions: 1st (1950), 265; 2nd (1951), 265; 4th (1953), 319; 6th (1955), 399, 401; 10th (1959), 468.

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  • International Monetary Fund. Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund: see INDEX D.

  • International Monetary Fund. Balance of Payments Manual (Washington, 1948): 199.

  • International Monetary Fund. Balance of Payments Yearbook (Washington): 1948 and Preliminary 1949, 346; Vol. 3, 1949-50, 346; Vol. 4, 1950-51, 347; Vol. 5, 1947-53, 347.

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  • International Monetary Fund. By-Laws, Rules and Regulations, International Monetary Fund (Washington, v.d.): see INDEX A.

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  • International Monetary Fund. Compensatory Financing of Export Fluctuations; Developments in the Fund’s Facility: A Second Report by the International Monetary Fund on Compensatory Financing of the Fluctuations in Exports of Primary Producing Countries (Washington, 1966): 612.

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  • International Monetary Fund. Current Problems of Credit and Fiscal Policy: An Informal Discussion (Washington, 1957): 442.

  • International Monetary Fund. Enlargement of Fund Resources Through Increases in Quotas: Report by the Executive Directors to the Board of Governors of the International Monetary Fund (Washington, 1958): 449-50, 565n.

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  • International Monetary Fund. The First Ten Years of the International Monetary Fund (Washington, 1956): 423.

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  • International Monetary Fund. International Financial News Survey (Washington), Vol. XVII (1965), pp. 209–16: 591-92.

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  • International Monetary Fund. Outline of a Facility Based on Special Drawing Rights in the Fund (Washington, 1967): 605.

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  • International Monetary Fund. Selected Documents, Board of Governors’ Inaugural Meeting (Washington, 1946): 121, 124, 127, 129.

  • International Monetary Fund. Summary Proceedings of the Board of Governors: 1946, 150, 162, 350; 1947, 194; 1948, 164, 349; 1949, 238, 255-56; 1950, 258, 295; 1951, 258, 260, 265; 1952, 303, 306-307, 316, 340, 349-50; 1953, 339, 341, 351, 354; 1954, 362-63, 398, 440, 562; 1955, 396, 401; 1956, 397; 1957, 425, 438, 441, 447; 1958, 448; 1959, 468; 1960, 476, 481, 492; 1961, 492, 509-10; 1962, 500, 541; 1963, 522, 543-44; 1964, 567, 578, 590-91, 593; 1965, 567, 588, 591-92, 594-95; 1967, 605; 1968, 605, 608.

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  • Jacobsson, Per. International Monetary Problems, 1957-1963: Selected Speeches of Per Jacobsson, IMF Monograph Series, No. 3 (Washington, 1964): 503.

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  • Jacobsson, Per. The Role of Money in a Dynamic Economy, The Arthur K. Salomon Lecture, Graduate School of Business Administration, New York University (New York, 1963): 521.

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  • Joint Statement by Experts on the Establishment of an International Monetary Fund (April 1944): 66 and see INDEX A.

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  • League of Nations. International Currency Experience: Lessons of the Inter-War Period (Geneva, 1944): 8.

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  • “National Currency Counterpart of Drawings on the Fund,” Staff Papers, Vol. VI (1957-58), pp. 171–79: 438-40.

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  • Oliver, R. W. The Origins of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, unpublished thesis, Princeton University (Princeton, 1959): 12.

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  • Penrose, E. F. Economic Planning for the Peace (Princeton and London, 1953): 53, 55.

  • Preliminary Draft Outline of a Proposal for an International Stabilization Fund of the United and Associated Nations (July 10, 1943) (White Plan) see INDEX A, WHITE PLAN.

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  • Proposals for an International Clearing Union (April 1943) (Keynes Plan) see INDEX A, KEYNES PLAN.

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  • Robertson, Dennis H. “The Post-War Monetary Plans,” The Economic Journal (London), Vol. LIII (1943), pp. 352–60: 37, 50, 68.

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  • Van Zeeland, Paul. Report to the Governments of the United Kingdom and France (published by the British Government as Cmd. 5648), January 26, 1938: 9, 37.

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  • Viner, Jacob. “Two Plans for International Monetary Stabilization,” Yale Review (New Haven), Vol. 33 (1943-44), pp. 77–107: 56.

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  • White, Harry D. Imaginary Hearings Before the Special Senatorial Committee on Silver (February 1939, MS.), Princeton papers (Harry Dexter White papers deposited at Princeton University), Box 2, File 8: 56.

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  • White, Harry D.. Imaginary Hearings on Gold Before the Senate Committee on Banking and Currency (May 1937, MS.), Princeton papers, Box 2, File 7: 56.

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  • White, Harry D.. “Post-War Currency Stabilization,” The American Economic Review, Vol. XXXIII (1943), Supplement, pp. 382–87: 31.

  • White, Harry D.. Recovery Program: The International Monetary Aspect (1935, MS.), Princeton papers, Box 1, File 6: 9.

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  • Williams, John H.. “Currency Stabilization: The Keynes and White Plans,” Foreign Affairs (New York), Vol. 21 (1943), pp. 645–58. Reprinted in John H. Williams, Postwar Monetary Plans and Other Essays, 3rd ed. (New York, 1947), pp. 3–21: 17, 37.

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  • Young, John Parke. “Developing Plans for an International Monetary Fund and a World Bank,” Department of State Bulletin (Washington), Vol. 23 (1950), pp. 778–90. Reprinted as Department of State Publications, No. 4046, International Organization and Conference Series IV, International Bank and Monetary Fund 1 (Washington, 1950): 80.

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  • Young, Ralph A. “Federal Reserve Flow-of-Funds Accounts,” Staff Papers, Vol. V (1956-57), pp. 323–41: 396.