Back Matter

International Monetary Fund. African Dept.

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Back Matter

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International Monetary Fund. African Dept.

International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
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Language:: English

Keywords:: REO; economic growth rate; oil economy; World economic growth; world oil price; investment rate

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Abstract

The five Regional Economic Outlooks published biannually by the IMF cover Asia and Pacific, Europe, the Middle East and Central Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa, and the Western Hemisphere. In each volume, recent economic developments and prospects for the region are discussed as a whole, as well as for specific countries. The reports include key data for countries in the region. Each report focuses on policy developments that have affected economic performance in the region, and discusses key challenges faced by policymakers. The near-term outlook, key risks, and their related policy challenges are analyzed throughout the reports, and current issues are explored, such as when and how to withdraw public interventions in financial systems globally while maintaining a still-fragile economic recovery.These indispensable surveys are the product of comprehensive intradepartmental reviews of economic developments that draw primarily on information the IMF staff gathers through consultation with member countries.

Annex Table: 1.

Selected Indicators for the Fastest and Slowest Growing Economies, 2003

(In percent of GDP, unless otherwise indicated)

^¹Data through November used for 2003

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Annex Table: 1.

Selected Indicators for the Fastest and Slowest Growing Economies, 2003

(In percent of GDP, unless otherwise indicated)

	Real GDP (In percent)	CPI (In percent)	Broad money (In percent)	Government expenditures	Government balance	Investment	Net exports	Real effective exchange rate (in percent)
Fastest-growing economies
Equatorial Guinea	14.7	7.6	17.8	10.5	23.3	26.0	26.3	11.4
Chad	10.0	−1.0	4.7	19.7	−6.2	46.1	−46.1	14.6
Madagascar	9.6	−1.1	11.3	18.3	−3.9	20.5	−7.9	−4.1
Gambia, The	8.7	18.0	43.4	23.1	−5.9	20.3	−8.0	−27.9
Mozambique	7.0	13.5	13.5	28.1	−3.2	43.5	−23.2	−1.8
Sierra Leone	6.5	6.6	18.2	39.8	−9.4	21.8	−36.7	−14.9
Burkina Faso	6.5	3.0	9.1	21.6	−3.7	18.9	−8.2	3.3
Senegal	6.3	0.1	6.1	23.6	−1.9	20.2	−7.5	2.8
Nigeria	5.9	14.2	52.2	22.7	−2.7	21.0	22.2	−4.7
Tanzania	5.5	5.0	16.9	19.8	−1.5	17.7	0.3	−15.3
Median	6.8	5.8	15.2	22.1	−3.4	20.7	−8.0	−2.9
Mean	8.1	6.6	19.3	22.7	−1.5	25.6	−8.9	−3.7
Slowest-growing economies
Kenya	1.5	9.7	13.2	27.0	−3.7	14.0	−15.7	−0.5
Rwanda	0.9	7.4	11.0	24.2	−3.3	17.8	−9.1	−15.7
Congo, Rep. of	0.8	2.0	−5.7	29.9	0.1	23.1	−12.8	2.3
Burundi	−0.5	10.7	22.0	29.9	−5.1	11.0	−80.6	−18.4
Guinea-Bissau	−1.2	3.0	−2.4	35.2	−12.3	14.8	−27.8	−18.4
Côte d’Ivoire	−3.8	3.8	−2.5	19.0	−2.2	10.0	22.5	7.7
Ethiopia	−3.8	15.1	10.4	36.0	−8.4	21.2	−6.0	2.7
Seychelles	−5.1	7.0	−9.4	47.5	−3.5	19.0	1.8	−8.3
Central African Republic	−5.8	4.0	−4.8	13.0	−3.7	6.4	−3.6	5.7
Zimbabwe	−13.2	431.7	518.9	34.1	−6.8	3.0	−8.3	−42.3
Median	−2.5	7.2	4.0	29.9	−3.7	14.4	−8.7	−4.4
Mean	−3.0	49.4	55.1	29.6	−4.9	14.0	−14.0	−8.5
Sub-Saharan Africa
Median	4.0	6.3	12.0	25.4	−3.6	19.6	−8.1	1.1
Mean	3.2	19.0	25.7	27.9	−3.3	19.7	−11.2	−0.8

^¹Data through November used for 2003

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Annex Table: 1.

Selected Indicators for the Fastest and Slowest Growing Economies, 2003

(In percent of GDP, unless otherwise indicated)

	Real GDP (In percent)	CPI (In percent)	Broad money (In percent)	Government expenditures	Government balance	Investment	Net exports	Real effective exchange rate (in percent)
Fastest-growing economies
Equatorial Guinea	14.7	7.6	17.8	10.5	23.3	26.0	26.3	11.4
Chad	10.0	−1.0	4.7	19.7	−6.2	46.1	−46.1	14.6
Madagascar	9.6	−1.1	11.3	18.3	−3.9	20.5	−7.9	−4.1
Gambia, The	8.7	18.0	43.4	23.1	−5.9	20.3	−8.0	−27.9
Mozambique	7.0	13.5	13.5	28.1	−3.2	43.5	−23.2	−1.8
Sierra Leone	6.5	6.6	18.2	39.8	−9.4	21.8	−36.7	−14.9
Burkina Faso	6.5	3.0	9.1	21.6	−3.7	18.9	−8.2	3.3
Senegal	6.3	0.1	6.1	23.6	−1.9	20.2	−7.5	2.8
Nigeria	5.9	14.2	52.2	22.7	−2.7	21.0	22.2	−4.7
Tanzania	5.5	5.0	16.9	19.8	−1.5	17.7	0.3	−15.3
Median	6.8	5.8	15.2	22.1	−3.4	20.7	−8.0	−2.9
Mean	8.1	6.6	19.3	22.7	−1.5	25.6	−8.9	−3.7
Slowest-growing economies
Kenya	1.5	9.7	13.2	27.0	−3.7	14.0	−15.7	−0.5
Rwanda	0.9	7.4	11.0	24.2	−3.3	17.8	−9.1	−15.7
Congo, Rep. of	0.8	2.0	−5.7	29.9	0.1	23.1	−12.8	2.3
Burundi	−0.5	10.7	22.0	29.9	−5.1	11.0	−80.6	−18.4
Guinea-Bissau	−1.2	3.0	−2.4	35.2	−12.3	14.8	−27.8	−18.4
Côte d’Ivoire	−3.8	3.8	−2.5	19.0	−2.2	10.0	22.5	7.7
Ethiopia	−3.8	15.1	10.4	36.0	−8.4	21.2	−6.0	2.7
Seychelles	−5.1	7.0	−9.4	47.5	−3.5	19.0	1.8	−8.3
Central African Republic	−5.8	4.0	−4.8	13.0	−3.7	6.4	−3.6	5.7
Zimbabwe	−13.2	431.7	518.9	34.1	−6.8	3.0	−8.3	−42.3
Median	−2.5	7.2	4.0	29.9	−3.7	14.4	−8.7	−4.4
Mean	−3.0	49.4	55.1	29.6	−4.9	14.0	−14.0	−8.5
Sub-Saharan Africa
Median	4.0	6.3	12.0	25.4	−3.6	19.6	−8.1	1.1
Mean	3.2	19.0	25.7	27.9	−3.3	19.7	−11.2	−0.8

^¹Data through November used for 2003

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Annex Table 2.

Selected Indicators for the Fastest and Slowest Growing Economies, 1998–2003

(In percent of GDP, unless otherwise indicated)

^¹Data through November used for 2003

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Annex Table 2.

Selected Indicators for the Fastest and Slowest Growing Economies, 1998–2003

(In percent of GDP, unless otherwise indicated)

	Real GDP (In percent)	CPI (In percent)	Broad money (In percent)	Government expenditures	Government balance	Investment	Net exports	Real effective exchange rate (in percent)
Fastest growing economies
Equatorial Guinea	23.0	6.4	43.2	16.0	9.6	55.4	−1.1	2.1
Mozambique	8.2	9.2	26.4	28.4	−4.5	37.9	−21.4	−3.4
Cape Verde	7.0	2.1	10.5	36.5	−7.7	19.5	−39.2	0.5
Chad	6.7	2.7	10.1	18.7	−5.3	33.6	−32.5	3.5
Rwanda	6.6	3.5	8.1	20.6	−2.1	17.1	−12.6	−6.5
Angola	6.0	173.4	244.6	54.0	−10.6	19.5	−5.6	2.1
Uganda	5.8	3.4	19.7	21.7	−4.0	20.0	−7.1	−7.3
Benin	5.3	3.0	10.0	19.3	−0.6	18.1	−12.3	2.1
Tanzania	5.2	7.2	13.2	16.8	−1.4	16.8	−2.7	−3.1
Botswana	5.1	6.6	18.3	43.0	2.0	27.9	12.6	3.2
Median	6.3	5.0	15.7	21.1	−3.0	19.8	−9.7	1.3
Mean	7.9	21.8	40.4	27.5	−2.5	26.6	−12.2	−0.7
Slowest growing economies
Burundi	1.5	9.8	19.3	26.0	−4.3	9.1	−52.0	−10.2
Togo	1.2	1.3	4.5	16.8	−2.8	14.6	−5.0	0.5
Kenya	1.1	6.5	4.0	26.3	−1.7	15.2	−19.4	1.0
C.A.R.	0.6	1.7	−2.2	15.6	−1.3	9.4	−2.8	0.4
Seychelles	0.4	4.7	9.8	54.7	−10.6	29.3	−10.1	1.6
Cote d’Ivoire	−0.2	3.2	7.7	19.0	−1.5	11.4	19.8	2.2
Gabon	−0.4	1.1	6.0	29.9	2.4	26.6	15.0	−0.2
Congo, D.R.	−1.0	220.9	234.1	11.0	−4.3	10.6	−32.1	12.8
Guinea-Bissau	−3.4	4.0	17.4	35.3	−12.1	15.6	−26.7	−1.8
Zimbabwe	−7.5	132.4	148.4	37.5	−9.0	9.5	−4.3	24.1
Median	0.1	4.4	8.8	26.2	−3.6	13.0	−7.6	0.8
Mean	−0.8	38.6	44.9	27.2	−4.5	15.1	−11.8	3.0
Sub-Saharan Africa
Median	3.1	6.2	12.8	25.3	−3.8	19.5	−7.0	0.4
Mean	3.5	18.8	28.9	27.9	−4.3	20.6	−10.5	−0.2

^¹Data through November used for 2003

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Annex Table 2.

Selected Indicators for the Fastest and Slowest Growing Economies, 1998–2003

(In percent of GDP, unless otherwise indicated)

	Real GDP (In percent)	CPI (In percent)	Broad money (In percent)	Government expenditures	Government balance	Investment	Net exports	Real effective exchange rate (in percent)
Fastest growing economies
Equatorial Guinea	23.0	6.4	43.2	16.0	9.6	55.4	−1.1	2.1
Mozambique	8.2	9.2	26.4	28.4	−4.5	37.9	−21.4	−3.4
Cape Verde	7.0	2.1	10.5	36.5	−7.7	19.5	−39.2	0.5
Chad	6.7	2.7	10.1	18.7	−5.3	33.6	−32.5	3.5
Rwanda	6.6	3.5	8.1	20.6	−2.1	17.1	−12.6	−6.5
Angola	6.0	173.4	244.6	54.0	−10.6	19.5	−5.6	2.1
Uganda	5.8	3.4	19.7	21.7	−4.0	20.0	−7.1	−7.3
Benin	5.3	3.0	10.0	19.3	−0.6	18.1	−12.3	2.1
Tanzania	5.2	7.2	13.2	16.8	−1.4	16.8	−2.7	−3.1
Botswana	5.1	6.6	18.3	43.0	2.0	27.9	12.6	3.2
Median	6.3	5.0	15.7	21.1	−3.0	19.8	−9.7	1.3
Mean	7.9	21.8	40.4	27.5	−2.5	26.6	−12.2	−0.7
Slowest growing economies
Burundi	1.5	9.8	19.3	26.0	−4.3	9.1	−52.0	−10.2
Togo	1.2	1.3	4.5	16.8	−2.8	14.6	−5.0	0.5
Kenya	1.1	6.5	4.0	26.3	−1.7	15.2	−19.4	1.0
C.A.R.	0.6	1.7	−2.2	15.6	−1.3	9.4	−2.8	0.4
Seychelles	0.4	4.7	9.8	54.7	−10.6	29.3	−10.1	1.6
Cote d’Ivoire	−0.2	3.2	7.7	19.0	−1.5	11.4	19.8	2.2
Gabon	−0.4	1.1	6.0	29.9	2.4	26.6	15.0	−0.2
Congo, D.R.	−1.0	220.9	234.1	11.0	−4.3	10.6	−32.1	12.8
Guinea-Bissau	−3.4	4.0	17.4	35.3	−12.1	15.6	−26.7	−1.8
Zimbabwe	−7.5	132.4	148.4	37.5	−9.0	9.5	−4.3	24.1
Median	0.1	4.4	8.8	26.2	−3.6	13.0	−7.6	0.8
Mean	−0.8	38.6	44.9	27.2	−4.5	15.1	−11.8	3.0
Sub-Saharan Africa
Median	3.1	6.2	12.8	25.3	−3.8	19.5	−7.0	0.4
Mean	3.5	18.8	28.9	27.9	−4.3	20.6	−10.5	−0.2

^¹Data through November used for 2003

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 1.

Real GDP Growth, 1997-2004

(In percent)

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 1.

Real GDP Growth, 1997-2004

(In percent)

		1997-2001	2001	2002	2003	2004
Angola		4.9	3.2	15.3	4.5	12.8
Benin		5.1	5.0	6.0	5.5	6.0
Botswana		5.9	2.3	5.5	3.9	3.8
Burkina Faso		5.3	5.9	4.4	6.5	5.2
Burundi		1.0	2.2	4.5	−0.5	5.4
Cameroon		4.8	5.3	6.5	4.2	4.7
Cape Verde		8.1	5.1	4.3	5.0	5.0
Central African Republic		3.6	1.0	−0.8	−5.8	4.9
Chad		4.9	9.5	9.9	10.0	42.7
Comoros		1.6	1.9	2.5	2.5	3.0
Congo, Rep. of		2.4	3.6	3.5	0.8	5.8
Congo, Dem. Rep. of		−4.0	−2.1	3.5	5.0	6.0
Côte d’Ivoire		2.0	0.1	−1.6	−3.8	1.8
Equatorial Guinea		37.5	36.3	18.0	14.7	11.8
Ethiopia		4.5	7.7	1.2	−3.8	6.7
Gabon		0.1	2.0	0.0	2.8	1.1
Gambia, The		5.8	5.8	−3.2	8.7	5.6
Ghana		4.2	4.2	4.5	4.7	5.0
Guinea		4.0	3.8	4.2	2.1	4.6
Guinea-Bissau		−1.1	0.2	−7.2	−1.2	3.0
Kenya		1.2	1.2	1.0	1.5	2.6
Lesotho		1.4	3.3	3.8	3.9	4.2
Madagascar		4.6	6.0	−12.7	9.6	6.0
Malawi		1.6	−4.2	1.8	4.4	2.1
Mali		5.6	13.3	4.4	3.2	4.9
Mauritius		5.4	7.2	4.0	3.3	5.5
Mozambique		9.2	13.0	7.7	7.0	8.4
Namibia		3.3	2.3	3.3	3.7	4.7
Niger		3.7	7.1	3.0	4.0	4.1
Nigeria		2.7	2.7	1.6	5.9	2.7
Rwanda		8.6	6.7	9.4	0.9	6.1
São Tomé and Príncipe		2.6	4.0	4.1	4.5	6.5
Senegal		5.4	5.6	1.1	6.3	6.0
Seychelles		3.9	−2.2	0.3	−5.1	−2.0
Sierra Leone		−3.5	5.4	6.3	6.5	6.8
South Africa		2.3	2.7	3.6	1.9	2.6
Swaziland		2.9	1.7	3.6	2.2	1.7
Tanzania		4.5	6.1	6.3	5.5	6.3
Togo		0.5	−0.2	4.6	3.1	4.4
Uganda		5.7	5.3	6.7	4.9	5.5
Zambia		2.4	4.9	3.3	4.2	3.5
Zimbabwe		−3.5	−8.8	−12.8	−13.2	−9.2
Sub-Saharan Africa		3.0	3.5	3.4	2.8	4.2
	Oil producing countries	4.4	5.2	5.5	6.0	7.3
	Non-oil producing countries	2.7	3.1	2.9	2.1	3.5

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 1.

Real GDP Growth, 1997-2004

(In percent)

		1997-2001	2001	2002	2003	2004
Angola		4.9	3.2	15.3	4.5	12.8
Benin		5.1	5.0	6.0	5.5	6.0
Botswana		5.9	2.3	5.5	3.9	3.8
Burkina Faso		5.3	5.9	4.4	6.5	5.2
Burundi		1.0	2.2	4.5	−0.5	5.4
Cameroon		4.8	5.3	6.5	4.2	4.7
Cape Verde		8.1	5.1	4.3	5.0	5.0
Central African Republic		3.6	1.0	−0.8	−5.8	4.9
Chad		4.9	9.5	9.9	10.0	42.7
Comoros		1.6	1.9	2.5	2.5	3.0
Congo, Rep. of		2.4	3.6	3.5	0.8	5.8
Congo, Dem. Rep. of		−4.0	−2.1	3.5	5.0	6.0
Côte d’Ivoire		2.0	0.1	−1.6	−3.8	1.8
Equatorial Guinea		37.5	36.3	18.0	14.7	11.8
Ethiopia		4.5	7.7	1.2	−3.8	6.7
Gabon		0.1	2.0	0.0	2.8	1.1
Gambia, The		5.8	5.8	−3.2	8.7	5.6
Ghana		4.2	4.2	4.5	4.7	5.0
Guinea		4.0	3.8	4.2	2.1	4.6
Guinea-Bissau		−1.1	0.2	−7.2	−1.2	3.0
Kenya		1.2	1.2	1.0	1.5	2.6
Lesotho		1.4	3.3	3.8	3.9	4.2
Madagascar		4.6	6.0	−12.7	9.6	6.0
Malawi		1.6	−4.2	1.8	4.4	2.1
Mali		5.6	13.3	4.4	3.2	4.9
Mauritius		5.4	7.2	4.0	3.3	5.5
Mozambique		9.2	13.0	7.7	7.0	8.4
Namibia		3.3	2.3	3.3	3.7	4.7
Niger		3.7	7.1	3.0	4.0	4.1
Nigeria		2.7	2.7	1.6	5.9	2.7
Rwanda		8.6	6.7	9.4	0.9	6.1
São Tomé and Príncipe		2.6	4.0	4.1	4.5	6.5
Senegal		5.4	5.6	1.1	6.3	6.0
Seychelles		3.9	−2.2	0.3	−5.1	−2.0
Sierra Leone		−3.5	5.4	6.3	6.5	6.8
South Africa		2.3	2.7	3.6	1.9	2.6
Swaziland		2.9	1.7	3.6	2.2	1.7
Tanzania		4.5	6.1	6.3	5.5	6.3
Togo		0.5	−0.2	4.6	3.1	4.4
Uganda		5.7	5.3	6.7	4.9	5.5
Zambia		2.4	4.9	3.3	4.2	3.5
Zimbabwe		−3.5	−8.8	−12.8	−13.2	−9.2
Sub-Saharan Africa		3.0	3.5	3.4	2.8	4.2
	Oil producing countries	4.4	5.2	5.5	6.0	7.3
	Non-oil producing countries	2.7	3.1	2.9	2.1	3.5

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 2.

Real Per Capita GDP, 1997-2004

(In U.S. dollars, at 1990 prices, using 1990 exchange rates)

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 2.

Real Per Capita GDP, 1997-2004

(In U.S. dollars, at 1990 prices, using 1990 exchange rates)

		1997-2001	2001	2002	2003	2004
Angola		839	849	951	966	1,058
Benin		457	477	492	492	507
Botswana		3,812	4,121	4,327	4,488	4,664
Burkina Faso		465	483	491	511	524
Burundi		150	148	151	148	153
Cameroon		824	855	874	885	902
Cape Verde		1,273	1,407	1,441	1,485	1,531
Central African Republic		435	437	425	392	404
Chad		312	323	346	370	515
Comoros		517	499	498	497	499
Congo, Rep. of		1,105	1,120	1,126	1,103	1,134
Congo, Dem. Rep. of		112	97	98	99	102
Côte d’Ivoire		860	822	783	730	719
Equatorial Guinea		739	1,108	1,281	1,440	1,578
Ethiopia		179	188	186	174	180
Gabon		6,266	5,795	5,656	5,673	5,598
Gambia, The		326	342	322	342	352
Ghana		551	568	579	591	605
Guinea		478	486	492	488	496
Guinea-Bissau		244	235	210	203	204
Kenya		345	336	333	332	335
Lesotho		411	408	416	424	434
Madagascar		234	244	207	220	226
Malawi		231	220	220	225	225
Mali		366	389	398	401	411
Mauritius		3,368	3,659	3,765	3,847	4,020
Mozambique		261	291	306	320	338
Namibia		2,362	2,362	2,368	2,383	2,423
Niger		285	285	285	287	290
Nigeria		311	313	310	319	319
Rwanda		300	323	343	337	348
São Tomé and Príncipe		466	473	480	490	509
Senegal		799	844	831	859	885
Seychelles		6,955	6,945	7,001	6,565	6,358
Sierra Leone		89	87	90	94	98
South Africa		3,027	3,070	3,116	3,110	3,131
Swaziland		1,207	1,215	1,244	1,259	1,269
Tanzania		188	198	206	213	222
Togo		395	370	376	376	381
Uganda		384	402	414	420	429
Zambia		354	364	367	374	378
Zimbabwe		809	724	638	560	515
Sub-Saharan Africa		580	583	586	587	595
	Oil producing countries	458	462	471	482	498
	Non-oil producing countries	626	629	631	627	633

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 2.

Real Per Capita GDP, 1997-2004

(In U.S. dollars, at 1990 prices, using 1990 exchange rates)

		1997-2001	2001	2002	2003	2004
Angola		839	849	951	966	1,058
Benin		457	477	492	492	507
Botswana		3,812	4,121	4,327	4,488	4,664
Burkina Faso		465	483	491	511	524
Burundi		150	148	151	148	153
Cameroon		824	855	874	885	902
Cape Verde		1,273	1,407	1,441	1,485	1,531
Central African Republic		435	437	425	392	404
Chad		312	323	346	370	515
Comoros		517	499	498	497	499
Congo, Rep. of		1,105	1,120	1,126	1,103	1,134
Congo, Dem. Rep. of		112	97	98	99	102
Côte d’Ivoire		860	822	783	730	719
Equatorial Guinea		739	1,108	1,281	1,440	1,578
Ethiopia		179	188	186	174	180
Gabon		6,266	5,795	5,656	5,673	5,598
Gambia, The		326	342	322	342	352
Ghana		551	568	579	591	605
Guinea		478	486	492	488	496
Guinea-Bissau		244	235	210	203	204
Kenya		345	336	333	332	335
Lesotho		411	408	416	424	434
Madagascar		234	244	207	220	226
Malawi		231	220	220	225	225
Mali		366	389	398	401	411
Mauritius		3,368	3,659	3,765	3,847	4,020
Mozambique		261	291	306	320	338
Namibia		2,362	2,362	2,368	2,383	2,423
Niger		285	285	285	287	290
Nigeria		311	313	310	319	319
Rwanda		300	323	343	337	348
São Tomé and Príncipe		466	473	480	490	509
Senegal		799	844	831	859	885
Seychelles		6,955	6,945	7,001	6,565	6,358
Sierra Leone		89	87	90	94	98
South Africa		3,027	3,070	3,116	3,110	3,131
Swaziland		1,207	1,215	1,244	1,259	1,269
Tanzania		188	198	206	213	222
Togo		395	370	376	376	381
Uganda		384	402	414	420	429
Zambia		354	364	367	374	378
Zimbabwe		809	724	638	560	515
Sub-Saharan Africa		580	583	586	587	595
	Oil producing countries	458	462	471	482	498
	Non-oil producing countries	626	629	631	627	633

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 3.

Real Per Capita GDP Growth, 1997-2004

(In percent)

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 3.

Real Per Capita GDP Growth, 1997-2004

(In percent)

		1997-2001	2001	2002	2003	2004
Angola		1.9	0.2	12.1	1.5	9.6
Benin		2.2	2.1	3.1	−0.1	3.2
Botswana		4.5	1.5	5.0	3.7	3.9
Burkina Faso		2.8	3.3	1.8	3.9	2.6
Burundi		−0.5	0.2	2.4	−2.5	3.3
Cameroon		1.9	2.4	2.2	1.4	1.8
Cape Verde		5.7	3.2	2.4	3.1	3.1
Central African Republic		1.6	−1.0	−2.8	−7.7	2.8
Chad		1.6	6.7	7.1	7.1	39.1
Comoros		−1.0	−0.7	−0.2	−0.2	0.3
Congo, Rep. of		−0.5	0.6	0.6	−2.1	2.8
Congo, Dem. Rep. of		−6.6	−7.2	0.5	1.9	2.9
Côte d’Ivoire		−0.8	−3.1	−4.7	−6.8	−1.5
Equatorial Guinea		34.7	33.5	15.7	12.4	9.6
Ethiopia		1.4	4.6	−1.5	−6.4	3.8
Gabon		−2.4	−0.5	−2.4	0.3	−1.3
Gambia, The		2.2	2.9	−5.7	6.0	3.0
Ghana		1.6	1.6	1.9	2.1	2.4
Guinea		1.5	0.9	1.3	−0.8	1.6
Guinea-Bissau		−3.0	−1.8	−10.7	−3.6	0.4
Kenya		−1.0	−0.9	−0.8	−0.3	0.9
Lesotho		−0.6	1.3	1.9	2.0	2.2
Madagascar		1.5	2.9	−15.2	6.5	2.8
Malawi		−0.6	−6.2	−0.2	2.3	0.1
Mali		3.1	10.8	2.1	0.8	2.5
Mauritius		4.4	6.1	2.9	2.2	4.5
Mozambique		7.0	10.1	5.2	4.4	5.7
Namibia		0.3	−0.6	0.2	0.6	1.7
Niger		0.4	3.9	−0.1	0.9	1.0
Nigeria		−0.1	0.0	−1.1	3.1	0.0
Rwanda		1.7	3.6	6.2	−2.0	3.3
São Tomé and Príncipe		0.2	1.5	1.6	2.0	3.9
Senegal		2.8	2.7	−1.6	3.4	3.1
Seychelles		2.6	−2.3	0.8	−6.2	−3.2
Sierra Leone		−6.0	2.7	3.6	3.8	4.1
South Africa		0.3	0.7	1.5	−0.2	0.7
Swaziland		0.5	0.4	2.4	1.2	0.8
Tanzania		2.0	3.4	4.2	3.5	4.0
Togo		−2.5	−3.2	1.5	0.0	1.3
Uganda		2.2	1.8	3.1	1.4	2.0
Zambia		0.2	2.4	0.8	1.7	1.1
Zimbabwe		−3.3	−7.8	−11.9	−12.2	−8.2
Sub-Saharan Africa		0.2	0.4	0.6	0.1	1.5
	Oil producing countries	0.5	1.0	1.9	2.4	3.3
	Non-oil producing countries	0.2	0.2	0.2	−0.5	0.9

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 3.

Real Per Capita GDP Growth, 1997-2004

(In percent)

		1997-2001	2001	2002	2003	2004
Angola		1.9	0.2	12.1	1.5	9.6
Benin		2.2	2.1	3.1	−0.1	3.2
Botswana		4.5	1.5	5.0	3.7	3.9
Burkina Faso		2.8	3.3	1.8	3.9	2.6
Burundi		−0.5	0.2	2.4	−2.5	3.3
Cameroon		1.9	2.4	2.2	1.4	1.8
Cape Verde		5.7	3.2	2.4	3.1	3.1
Central African Republic		1.6	−1.0	−2.8	−7.7	2.8
Chad		1.6	6.7	7.1	7.1	39.1
Comoros		−1.0	−0.7	−0.2	−0.2	0.3
Congo, Rep. of		−0.5	0.6	0.6	−2.1	2.8
Congo, Dem. Rep. of		−6.6	−7.2	0.5	1.9	2.9
Côte d’Ivoire		−0.8	−3.1	−4.7	−6.8	−1.5
Equatorial Guinea		34.7	33.5	15.7	12.4	9.6
Ethiopia		1.4	4.6	−1.5	−6.4	3.8
Gabon		−2.4	−0.5	−2.4	0.3	−1.3
Gambia, The		2.2	2.9	−5.7	6.0	3.0
Ghana		1.6	1.6	1.9	2.1	2.4
Guinea		1.5	0.9	1.3	−0.8	1.6
Guinea-Bissau		−3.0	−1.8	−10.7	−3.6	0.4
Kenya		−1.0	−0.9	−0.8	−0.3	0.9
Lesotho		−0.6	1.3	1.9	2.0	2.2
Madagascar		1.5	2.9	−15.2	6.5	2.8
Malawi		−0.6	−6.2	−0.2	2.3	0.1
Mali		3.1	10.8	2.1	0.8	2.5
Mauritius		4.4	6.1	2.9	2.2	4.5
Mozambique		7.0	10.1	5.2	4.4	5.7
Namibia		0.3	−0.6	0.2	0.6	1.7
Niger		0.4	3.9	−0.1	0.9	1.0
Nigeria		−0.1	0.0	−1.1	3.1	0.0
Rwanda		1.7	3.6	6.2	−2.0	3.3
São Tomé and Príncipe		0.2	1.5	1.6	2.0	3.9
Senegal		2.8	2.7	−1.6	3.4	3.1
Seychelles		2.6	−2.3	0.8	−6.2	−3.2
Sierra Leone		−6.0	2.7	3.6	3.8	4.1
South Africa		0.3	0.7	1.5	−0.2	0.7
Swaziland		0.5	0.4	2.4	1.2	0.8
Tanzania		2.0	3.4	4.2	3.5	4.0
Togo		−2.5	−3.2	1.5	0.0	1.3
Uganda		2.2	1.8	3.1	1.4	2.0
Zambia		0.2	2.4	0.8	1.7	1.1
Zimbabwe		−3.3	−7.8	−11.9	−12.2	−8.2
Sub-Saharan Africa		0.2	0.4	0.6	0.1	1.5
	Oil producing countries	0.5	1.0	1.9	2.4	3.3
	Non-oil producing countries	0.2	0.2	0.2	−0.5	0.9

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 4.

Consumer Prices, 1997-2004

(Annual average percent change)

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 4.

Consumer Prices, 1997-2004

(Annual average percent change)

		1997-2001	2001	2002	2003	2004
Angola		211.0	152.6	108.9	98.3	40.2
Benin		3.6	4.0	2.4	1.5	2.6
Botswana		7.8	7.2	5.5	4.7	4.5
Burkina Faso		2.2	4.9	2.7	3.0	2.0
Burundi		16.1	9.3	−1.3	10.7	7.7
Cameroon		2.3	2.8	6.3	1.2	2.0
Cape Verde		3.6	3.8	1.8	1.2	2.0
Central African Republic		1.1	3.8	2.3	4.0	1.5
Chad		3.5	12.4	5.2	−1.0	3.0
Comoros		2.2	−3.5	3.3	2.5	2.0
Congo, Rep. of		3.8	0.8	3.1	2.0	2.0
Congo, Dem. Rep. of		297.5	357.9	27.7	9.1	6.0
Côte d’Ivoire		3.3	4.4	3.1	3.8	3.2
Equatorial Guinea		5.3	6.0	8.8	7.6	8.0
Ethiopia		0.5	−2.6	−7.2	15.1	5.5
Gabon		1.6	2.1	0.2	2.0	2.0
Gambia, The		2.7	4.5	8.6	18.0	14.9
Ghana		22.6	32.9	14.8	26.4	8.6
Guinea		4.7	5.4	3.0	12.9	8.8
Guinea-Bissau		13.4	3.3	3.3	3.0	3.0
Kenya		7.8	4.9	2.0	9.7	−0.2
Lesotho		7.6	6.9	12.3	7.1	6.3
Madagascar		7.3	6.9	16.2	−1.1	5.0
Malawi		28.1	27.2	14.9	9.6	9.9
Mali		1.3	5.2	2.4	0.5	2.5
Mauritius		6.2	4.4	6.4	5.0	5.0
Mozambique		6.3	9.0	16.8	13.5	11.5
Namibia		8.4	9.3	11.3	7.2	6.5
Niger		2.4	4.0	2.7	−0.7	0.9
Nigeria		10.0	18.0	13.7	14.2	15.5
Rwanda		4.7	3.4	2.0	7.4	6.9
São Tomé and Príncipe		29.6	9.5	9.2	9.6	13.3
Senegal		1.5	3.1	2.3	0.1	1.2
Seychelles		4.4	6.0	0.2	7.0	5.0
Sierra Leone		17.3	2.6	−3.7	6.6	4.8
South Africa		6.2	4.9	8.9	6.0	3.2
Swaziland		7.7	7.5	11.9	8.1	6.9
Tanzania		9.8	5.2	4.6	5.0	4.7
Togo		2.4	3.9	3.1	−0.8	0.9
Uganda		2.9	−2.0	5.7	5.9	3.5
Zambia		24.7	21.7	22.2	21.5	18.5
Zimbabwe		48.3	76.7	140.0	431.7	640.0
Sub-Saharan Africa		14.9	15.4	12.3	13.3	10.5
	Oil producing countries	23.5	26.0	21.5	19.7	15.0
	Non-oil producing countries	13.1	13.1	10.3	11.9	9.5

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 4.

Consumer Prices, 1997-2004

(Annual average percent change)

		1997-2001	2001	2002	2003	2004
Angola		211.0	152.6	108.9	98.3	40.2
Benin		3.6	4.0	2.4	1.5	2.6
Botswana		7.8	7.2	5.5	4.7	4.5
Burkina Faso		2.2	4.9	2.7	3.0	2.0
Burundi		16.1	9.3	−1.3	10.7	7.7
Cameroon		2.3	2.8	6.3	1.2	2.0
Cape Verde		3.6	3.8	1.8	1.2	2.0
Central African Republic		1.1	3.8	2.3	4.0	1.5
Chad		3.5	12.4	5.2	−1.0	3.0
Comoros		2.2	−3.5	3.3	2.5	2.0
Congo, Rep. of		3.8	0.8	3.1	2.0	2.0
Congo, Dem. Rep. of		297.5	357.9	27.7	9.1	6.0
Côte d’Ivoire		3.3	4.4	3.1	3.8	3.2
Equatorial Guinea		5.3	6.0	8.8	7.6	8.0
Ethiopia		0.5	−2.6	−7.2	15.1	5.5
Gabon		1.6	2.1	0.2	2.0	2.0
Gambia, The		2.7	4.5	8.6	18.0	14.9
Ghana		22.6	32.9	14.8	26.4	8.6
Guinea		4.7	5.4	3.0	12.9	8.8
Guinea-Bissau		13.4	3.3	3.3	3.0	3.0
Kenya		7.8	4.9	2.0	9.7	−0.2
Lesotho		7.6	6.9	12.3	7.1	6.3
Madagascar		7.3	6.9	16.2	−1.1	5.0
Malawi		28.1	27.2	14.9	9.6	9.9
Mali		1.3	5.2	2.4	0.5	2.5
Mauritius		6.2	4.4	6.4	5.0	5.0
Mozambique		6.3	9.0	16.8	13.5	11.5
Namibia		8.4	9.3	11.3	7.2	6.5
Niger		2.4	4.0	2.7	−0.7	0.9
Nigeria		10.0	18.0	13.7	14.2	15.5
Rwanda		4.7	3.4	2.0	7.4	6.9
São Tomé and Príncipe		29.6	9.5	9.2	9.6	13.3
Senegal		1.5	3.1	2.3	0.1	1.2
Seychelles		4.4	6.0	0.2	7.0	5.0
Sierra Leone		17.3	2.6	−3.7	6.6	4.8
South Africa		6.2	4.9	8.9	6.0	3.2
Swaziland		7.7	7.5	11.9	8.1	6.9
Tanzania		9.8	5.2	4.6	5.0	4.7
Togo		2.4	3.9	3.1	−0.8	0.9
Uganda		2.9	−2.0	5.7	5.9	3.5
Zambia		24.7	21.7	22.2	21.5	18.5
Zimbabwe		48.3	76.7	140.0	431.7	640.0
Sub-Saharan Africa		14.9	15.4	12.3	13.3	10.5
	Oil producing countries	23.5	26.0	21.5	19.7	15.0
	Non-oil producing countries	13.1	13.1	10.3	11.9	9.5

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 5.

Total Investment, 1997-2004

(In percent of GDP)

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 5.

Total Investment, 1997-2004

(In percent of GDP)

		1997-2001	2001	2002	2003	2004
Angola		23.2	12.6	12.8	13.6	12.1
Benin		18.2	19.2	17.8	18.1	19.3
Botswana		28.6	25.7	24.4	24.7	25.0
Burkina Faso		20.2	18.8	18.4	18.9	20.5
Burundi		8.6	8.6	8.6	11.0	11.6
Cameroon		17.3	17.8	19.6	17.3	18.2
Cape Verde		20.0	17.7	20.2	19.8	19.5
Central African Republic		9.6	8.4	8.9	6.4	7.8
Chad		23.1	43.0	59.3	46.1	19.9
Comoros		12.7	13.2	12.9	13.0	13.5
Congo, Rep. of		24.9	26.4	23.3	23.1	26.2
Congo, Dem. Rep. of		15.8	5.2	9.0	12.1	18.7
Côte d’Ivoire		12.5	11.0	10.4	10.0	11.3
Equatorial Guinea		72.7	55.6	28.8	26.0	17.0
Ethiopia		16.7	17.8	20.5	21.2	23.3
Gabon		28.4	25.8	24.4	24.6	25.7
Gambia, The		19.0	20.2	21.6	20.3	20.0
Ghana		24.0	26.6	19.7	22.3	23.0
Guinea		22.1	21.9	16.8	14.6	15.6
Guinea-Bissau		17.1	19.7	14.7	14.8	19.0
Kenya		16.4	14.7	13.6	14.0	18.6
Lesotho		46.7	45.4	38.6	34.4	33.2
Madagascar		20.5	29.1	16.0	20.5	21.3
Malawi		10.2	1.0	16.0	6.9	12.3
Mali		21.9	26.9	20.4	23.9	21.2
Mauritius		26.1	23.3	21.8	22.7	21.3
Mozambique		31.9	41.5	44.7	43.5	36.9
Namibia		22.5	23.5	21.2	19.9	20.3
Niger		11.4	12.1	14.2	15.4	16.3
Nigeria		18.8	18.6	22.3	21.0	24.7
Rwanda		16.4	18.4	16.9	17.8	19.2
São Tomé and Príncipe		39.6	29.8	26.6	30.4	45.9
Senegal		17.9	18.1	19.7	20.2	20.9
Seychelles		32.1	34.3	28.3	19.0	18.3
Sierra Leone		3.4	6.1	10.0	21.8	22.6
South Africa		15.8	14.6	15.9	15.3	15.4
Swaziland		21.2	22.8	18.0	19.4	19.0
Tanzania		16.2	17.0	16.6	17.7	18.6
Togo		14.3	15.2	13.2	14.5	13.2
Uganda		18.8	20.1	21.7	22.8	23.3
Zambia		17.4	20.0	23.0	26.2	18.5
Zimbabwe		14.4	0.3	0.9	3.0	3.0
Sub-Saharan Africa		17.9	17.0	17.3	17.5	18.3
	Oil producing countries	20.8	19.9	21.9	20.7	21.7
	Non-oil producing countries	17.1	16.1	15.7	16.5	17.2

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 5.

Total Investment, 1997-2004

(In percent of GDP)

		1997-2001	2001	2002	2003	2004
Angola		23.2	12.6	12.8	13.6	12.1
Benin		18.2	19.2	17.8	18.1	19.3
Botswana		28.6	25.7	24.4	24.7	25.0
Burkina Faso		20.2	18.8	18.4	18.9	20.5
Burundi		8.6	8.6	8.6	11.0	11.6
Cameroon		17.3	17.8	19.6	17.3	18.2
Cape Verde		20.0	17.7	20.2	19.8	19.5
Central African Republic		9.6	8.4	8.9	6.4	7.8
Chad		23.1	43.0	59.3	46.1	19.9
Comoros		12.7	13.2	12.9	13.0	13.5
Congo, Rep. of		24.9	26.4	23.3	23.1	26.2
Congo, Dem. Rep. of		15.8	5.2	9.0	12.1	18.7
Côte d’Ivoire		12.5	11.0	10.4	10.0	11.3
Equatorial Guinea		72.7	55.6	28.8	26.0	17.0
Ethiopia		16.7	17.8	20.5	21.2	23.3
Gabon		28.4	25.8	24.4	24.6	25.7
Gambia, The		19.0	20.2	21.6	20.3	20.0
Ghana		24.0	26.6	19.7	22.3	23.0
Guinea		22.1	21.9	16.8	14.6	15.6
Guinea-Bissau		17.1	19.7	14.7	14.8	19.0
Kenya		16.4	14.7	13.6	14.0	18.6
Lesotho		46.7	45.4	38.6	34.4	33.2
Madagascar		20.5	29.1	16.0	20.5	21.3
Malawi		10.2	1.0	16.0	6.9	12.3
Mali		21.9	26.9	20.4	23.9	21.2
Mauritius		26.1	23.3	21.8	22.7	21.3
Mozambique		31.9	41.5	44.7	43.5	36.9
Namibia		22.5	23.5	21.2	19.9	20.3
Niger		11.4	12.1	14.2	15.4	16.3
Nigeria		18.8	18.6	22.3	21.0	24.7
Rwanda		16.4	18.4	16.9	17.8	19.2
São Tomé and Príncipe		39.6	29.8	26.6	30.4	45.9
Senegal		17.9	18.1	19.7	20.2	20.9
Seychelles		32.1	34.3	28.3	19.0	18.3
Sierra Leone		3.4	6.1	10.0	21.8	22.6
South Africa		15.8	14.6	15.9	15.3	15.4
Swaziland		21.2	22.8	18.0	19.4	19.0
Tanzania		16.2	17.0	16.6	17.7	18.6
Togo		14.3	15.2	13.2	14.5	13.2
Uganda		18.8	20.1	21.7	22.8	23.3
Zambia		17.4	20.0	23.0	26.2	18.5
Zimbabwe		14.4	0.3	0.9	3.0	3.0
Sub-Saharan Africa		17.9	17.0	17.3	17.5	18.3
	Oil producing countries	20.8	19.9	21.9	20.7	21.7
	Non-oil producing countries	17.1	16.1	15.7	16.5	17.2

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 6.

Domestic Saving, 1997-2004

(In percent of GDP)

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 6.

Domestic Saving, 1997-2004

(In percent of GDP)

		1997-2001	2001	2002	2003	2004
Angola		8.2	−2.5	7.0	7.4	7.7
Benin		11.1	12.5	8.9	10.1	11.9
Botswana		40.7	39.6	41.8	41.0	38.9
Burkina Faso		10.1	8.4	8.6	10.8	11.2
Burundi		0.3	0.7	2.5	3.9	0.5
Cameroon		14.7	16.1	12.4	14.2	15.0
Cape Verde		9.7	7.0	8.4	9.4	9.1
Central African Republic		6.1	3.5	6.1	2.9	5.0
Chad		5.2	7.9	7.1	4.9	7.0
Comoros		7.4	12.5	12.1	10.1	10.4
Congo, Rep. of		15.6	23.3	23.0	22.4	24.8
Congo, Dem. Rep. of		11.0	0.4	6.3	10.1	12.7
Côte d’Ivoire		10.8	10.1	16.6	14.9	13.7
Equatorial Guinea		29.5	23.5	22.1	25.8	33.0
Ethiopia		12.4	14.2	14.8	16.6	15.4
Gabon		25.4	26.0	25.1	23.4	19.9
Gambia, The		15.9	16.7	19.5	15.1	19.3
Ghana		15.1	21.3	20.2	21.9	22.0
Guinea		15.6	19.6	10.3	9.9	10.1
Guinea-Bissau		2.7	−5.2	2.4	5.1	1.5
Kenya		12.8	10.6	13.5	11.7	10.5
Lesotho		24.6	32.0	21.9	22.6	18.3
Madagascar		15.4	27.8	10.1	15.5	15.9
Malawi		3.6	−5.4	3.7	−4.2	3.5
Mali		13.6	16.7	16.2	17.1	15.1
Mauritius		25.7	26.7	27.0	27.3	24.8
Mozambique		14.0	19.5	26.9	24.5	23.5
Namibia		26.0	25.4	22.6	22.3	22.7
Niger		5.1	7.4	7.0	6.7	8.6
Nigeria		19.8	20.9	16.1	18.7	23.5
Rwanda		8.8	12.5	10.3	8.2	11.9
São Tomé and Príncipe		20.8	6.9	6.1	10.1	−1.3
Senegal		12.8	13.3	14.0	13.6	15.2
Seychelles		16.1	10.7	6.8	14.1	15.8
Sierra Leone		−3.1	−6.6	−5.8	1.4	1.5
South Africa		14.9	14.3	16.2	14.1	13.6
Swaziland		17.4	18.5	14.1	14.7	14.1
Tanzania		7.3	11.8	12.4	15.0	12.5
Togo		2.6	2.1	2.4	6.2	5.0
Uganda		13.0	14.7	15.3	16.8	19.4
Zambia		3.8	9.2	16.5	20.0	12.4
Zimbabwe		9.3	−3.0	−1.3	−1.5	−5.8
Sub-Saharan Africa		14.6	14.4	15.1	15.0	15.2
	Oil producing countries	17.5	17.1	14.7	16.6	19.6
	Non-oil producing countries	14.0	13.8	15.2	14.6	14.2

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 6.

Domestic Saving, 1997-2004

(In percent of GDP)

		1997-2001	2001	2002	2003	2004
Angola		8.2	−2.5	7.0	7.4	7.7
Benin		11.1	12.5	8.9	10.1	11.9
Botswana		40.7	39.6	41.8	41.0	38.9
Burkina Faso		10.1	8.4	8.6	10.8	11.2
Burundi		0.3	0.7	2.5	3.9	0.5
Cameroon		14.7	16.1	12.4	14.2	15.0
Cape Verde		9.7	7.0	8.4	9.4	9.1
Central African Republic		6.1	3.5	6.1	2.9	5.0
Chad		5.2	7.9	7.1	4.9	7.0
Comoros		7.4	12.5	12.1	10.1	10.4
Congo, Rep. of		15.6	23.3	23.0	22.4	24.8
Congo, Dem. Rep. of		11.0	0.4	6.3	10.1	12.7
Côte d’Ivoire		10.8	10.1	16.6	14.9	13.7
Equatorial Guinea		29.5	23.5	22.1	25.8	33.0
Ethiopia		12.4	14.2	14.8	16.6	15.4
Gabon		25.4	26.0	25.1	23.4	19.9
Gambia, The		15.9	16.7	19.5	15.1	19.3
Ghana		15.1	21.3	20.2	21.9	22.0
Guinea		15.6	19.6	10.3	9.9	10.1
Guinea-Bissau		2.7	−5.2	2.4	5.1	1.5
Kenya		12.8	10.6	13.5	11.7	10.5
Lesotho		24.6	32.0	21.9	22.6	18.3
Madagascar		15.4	27.8	10.1	15.5	15.9
Malawi		3.6	−5.4	3.7	−4.2	3.5
Mali		13.6	16.7	16.2	17.1	15.1
Mauritius		25.7	26.7	27.0	27.3	24.8
Mozambique		14.0	19.5	26.9	24.5	23.5
Namibia		26.0	25.4	22.6	22.3	22.7
Niger		5.1	7.4	7.0	6.7	8.6
Nigeria		19.8	20.9	16.1	18.7	23.5
Rwanda		8.8	12.5	10.3	8.2	11.9
São Tomé and Príncipe		20.8	6.9	6.1	10.1	−1.3
Senegal		12.8	13.3	14.0	13.6	15.2
Seychelles		16.1	10.7	6.8	14.1	15.8
Sierra Leone		−3.1	−6.6	−5.8	1.4	1.5
South Africa		14.9	14.3	16.2	14.1	13.6
Swaziland		17.4	18.5	14.1	14.7	14.1
Tanzania		7.3	11.8	12.4	15.0	12.5
Togo		2.6	2.1	2.4	6.2	5.0
Uganda		13.0	14.7	15.3	16.8	19.4
Zambia		3.8	9.2	16.5	20.0	12.4
Zimbabwe		9.3	−3.0	−1.3	−1.5	−5.8
Sub-Saharan Africa		14.6	14.4	15.1	15.0	15.2
	Oil producing countries	17.5	17.1	14.7	16.6	19.6
	Non-oil producing countries	14.0	13.8	15.2	14.6	14.2

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 7.

Overall Fiscal Balance, Including Grants, 1997-2004

(In percent of GDP)

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 7.

Overall Fiscal Balance, Including Grants, 1997-2004

(In percent of GDP)

		1997-2001	2001	2002	2003	2004
Angola		−14.2	−1.5	−9.0	−6.2	−3.4
Benin		0.2	−1.5	−2.4	−1.9	−2.6
Botswana		4.5	−0.3	1.1	−2.7	0.7
Burkina Faso		−3.2	−3.9	−4.9	−3.7	−4.9
Burundi		−4.9	−5.2	−1.4	−5.1	−7.6
Cameroon		−0.4	2.4	1.8	2.6	2.3
Cape Verde		−10.6	−4.6	−1.8	−4.1	−5.5
Central African Republic		−0.9	−0.9	−1.2	−3.7	−3.1
Chad		−4.8	−4.9	−5.2	−6.2	−3.6
Comoros		−2.5	−4.0	−6.5	−1.2	−0.9
Congo, Rep. of		−6.9	−0.7	−8.1	0.1	−1.3
Congo, Dem. Rep. of		−5.0	−1.7	−2.7	−3.8	−5.0
Côte d’Ivoire		−1.5	0.9	−1.2	−2.2	−0.7
Equatorial Guinea		4.8	15.0	12.4	23.3	27.8
Ethiopia		−6.6	−5.5	−9.3	−8.4	−7.1
Gabon		0.7	3.2	3.5	8.7	4.0
Gambia, The		−5.5	−13.9	−4.6	−5.9	−2.2
Ghana		−8.4	−7.7	−5.0	−3.1	−1.4
Guinea		−2.8	−4.1	−5.9	−3.3	−2.1
Guinea-Bissau		−12.4	−11.7	−12.0	−12.3	−16.6
Kenya		−1.1	−2.3	−3.3	−3.7	−4.1
Lesotho		−3.8	0.6	−4.2	−2.9	0.9
Madagascar		−3.6	−4.3	−5.5	−3.9	−2.8
Malawi		−5.8	−7.6	−8.2	−5.5	−4.5
Mali		−2.7	−3.2	−3.6	−3.9	−5.1
Mauritius		−4.8	−5.7	−5.9	−5.9	−4.9
Mozambique		−3.8	−6.5	−8.2	−3.2	−3.9
Namibia		−3.1	−3.7	−3.1	−1.2	0.2
Niger		−3.6	−3.2	−2.8	−2.9	−4.4
Nigeria		−2.4	−2.7	−5.1	−2.7	2.7
Rwanda		−2.0	−1.3	−1.9	−3.3	−2.0
São Tomé and Príncipe		−24.4	−22.6	−13.8	−18.3	−23.4
Senegal		−0.6	−2.0	0.4	−1.9	−2.5
Seychelles		−10.4	−6.9	−18.7	−3.5	6.8
Sierra Leone		−9.1	−9.4	−9.9	−9.4	−9.3
South Africa		−2.4	−1.6	−1.2	−2.2	−3.0
Swaziland		−0.5	−2.7	−4.3	−6.2	−6.5
Tanzania		−1.0	−1.2	−1.0	−1.5	−3.8
Togo		−3.6	−3.6	−0.6	−0.2	1.2
Uganda		−3.0	−2.2	−5.7	−4.4	−0.9
Zambia		−4.4	−7.2	−5.6	−6.5	−3.8
Zimbabwe		−9.9	−9.9	−4.8	−6.8	−6.9
Sub-Saharan Africa		−2.9	−2.3	−3.0	−2.4	−1.7
	Oil producing countries	−3.3	−1.1	−3.9	−1.0	2.3
	Non-oil producing countries	−2.9	−2.6	−2.7	−2.9	−3.1

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 7.

Overall Fiscal Balance, Including Grants, 1997-2004

(In percent of GDP)

		1997-2001	2001	2002	2003	2004
Angola		−14.2	−1.5	−9.0	−6.2	−3.4
Benin		0.2	−1.5	−2.4	−1.9	−2.6
Botswana		4.5	−0.3	1.1	−2.7	0.7
Burkina Faso		−3.2	−3.9	−4.9	−3.7	−4.9
Burundi		−4.9	−5.2	−1.4	−5.1	−7.6
Cameroon		−0.4	2.4	1.8	2.6	2.3
Cape Verde		−10.6	−4.6	−1.8	−4.1	−5.5
Central African Republic		−0.9	−0.9	−1.2	−3.7	−3.1
Chad		−4.8	−4.9	−5.2	−6.2	−3.6
Comoros		−2.5	−4.0	−6.5	−1.2	−0.9
Congo, Rep. of		−6.9	−0.7	−8.1	0.1	−1.3
Congo, Dem. Rep. of		−5.0	−1.7	−2.7	−3.8	−5.0
Côte d’Ivoire		−1.5	0.9	−1.2	−2.2	−0.7
Equatorial Guinea		4.8	15.0	12.4	23.3	27.8
Ethiopia		−6.6	−5.5	−9.3	−8.4	−7.1
Gabon		0.7	3.2	3.5	8.7	4.0
Gambia, The		−5.5	−13.9	−4.6	−5.9	−2.2
Ghana		−8.4	−7.7	−5.0	−3.1	−1.4
Guinea		−2.8	−4.1	−5.9	−3.3	−2.1
Guinea-Bissau		−12.4	−11.7	−12.0	−12.3	−16.6
Kenya		−1.1	−2.3	−3.3	−3.7	−4.1
Lesotho		−3.8	0.6	−4.2	−2.9	0.9
Madagascar		−3.6	−4.3	−5.5	−3.9	−2.8
Malawi		−5.8	−7.6	−8.2	−5.5	−4.5
Mali		−2.7	−3.2	−3.6	−3.9	−5.1
Mauritius		−4.8	−5.7	−5.9	−5.9	−4.9
Mozambique		−3.8	−6.5	−8.2	−3.2	−3.9
Namibia		−3.1	−3.7	−3.1	−1.2	0.2
Niger		−3.6	−3.2	−2.8	−2.9	−4.4
Nigeria		−2.4	−2.7	−5.1	−2.7	2.7
Rwanda		−2.0	−1.3	−1.9	−3.3	−2.0
São Tomé and Príncipe		−24.4	−22.6	−13.8	−18.3	−23.4
Senegal		−0.6	−2.0	0.4	−1.9	−2.5
Seychelles		−10.4	−6.9	−18.7	−3.5	6.8
Sierra Leone		−9.1	−9.4	−9.9	−9.4	−9.3
South Africa		−2.4	−1.6	−1.2	−2.2	−3.0
Swaziland		−0.5	−2.7	−4.3	−6.2	−6.5
Tanzania		−1.0	−1.2	−1.0	−1.5	−3.8
Togo		−3.6	−3.6	−0.6	−0.2	1.2
Uganda		−3.0	−2.2	−5.7	−4.4	−0.9
Zambia		−4.4	−7.2	−5.6	−6.5	−3.8
Zimbabwe		−9.9	−9.9	−4.8	−6.8	−6.9
Sub-Saharan Africa		−2.9	−2.3	−3.0	−2.4	−1.7
	Oil producing countries	−3.3	−1.1	−3.9	−1.0	2.3
	Non-oil producing countries	−2.9	−2.6	−2.7	−2.9	−3.1

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 8.

Overall Fiscal Balance, Excluding Grants, 1997-2004

(In percent of GDP)

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 8.

Overall Fiscal Balance, Excluding Grants, 1997-2004

(In percent of GDP)

		1997-2001	2001	2002	2003	2004
Angola		−16.9	−3.7	−9.0	−7.5	−3.5
Benin		−2.9	−4.2	−3.5	−4.2	−5.0
Botswana		4.0	−0.5	0.7	−3.2	0.2
Burkina Faso		−10.0	−11.1	−10.2	−9.2	−9.6
Burundi		−7.2	−7.2	−5.7	−9.8	−9.8
Cameroon		−0.6	2.0	1.5	1.7	1.7
Cape Verde		−19.2	−10.4	−10.2	−11.0	−11.0
Central African Republic		−7.0	−4.3	−5.0	−4.8	−5.0
Chad		−5.6	−6.2	−6.0	−6.2	−3.6
Comoros		−8.5	−7.5	−9.9	−3.1	−2.7
Congo, Rep. of		−7.1	−0.9	−8.3	−0.4	−2.0
Congo, Dem. Rep. of		−5.0	−1.7	−3.0	−5.7	−9.2
Côte d’Ivoire		−2.0	0.4	−1.7	−2.5	−1.1
Equatorial Guinea		4.4	15.0	12.4	23.3	27.8
Ethiopia		−10.2	−10.3	−14.0	−16.4	−14.1
Gabon		0.7	3.2	3.4	8.6	3.8
Gambia, The		−7.3	−16.0	−9.1	−7.9	−6.2
Ghana		−11.3	−14.6	−8.1	−8.0	−5.2
Guinea		−5.6	−7.5	−8.2	−7.2	−5.8
Guinea-Bissau		−22.2	−26.2	−18.1	−18.6	−21.4
Kenya		−2.2	−4.1	−4.5	−6.1	−8.2
Lesotho		−6.4	−2.2	−8.1	−6.1	−3.0
Madagascar		−7.6	−8.2	−7.7	−7.9	−7.8
Malawi		−12.3	−14.6	−14.1	−13.6	−18.8
Mali		−7.4	−7.0	−7.2	−8.2	−7.9
Mauritius		−5.0	−5.9	−6.2	−6.2	−5.1
Mozambique		−14.1	−21.2	−19.9	−13.6	−12.7
Namibia		−3.2	−3.9	−3.3	−1.5	−0.1
Niger		−8.3	−7.9	−7.7	−8.1	−8.2
Nigeria		−2.4	−2.7	−5.1	−2.7	2.7
Rwanda		−9.1	−9.5	−9.1	−11.0	−11.6
São Tomé and Príncipe		−50.0	−60.4	−40.9	−44.7	−40.3
Senegal		−2.9	−3.9	−1.6	−4.4	−4.6
Seychelles		−10.9	−7.3	−18.7	−3.7	6.8
Sierra Leone		−13.7	−15.8	−19.7	−25.2	−24.2
South Africa		−2.5	−1.6	−1.2	−2.2	−3.0
Swaziland		−1.3	−3.8	−5.5	−8.0	−8.4
Tanzania		−4.5	−4.7	−5.3	−7.7	−9.9
Togo		−4.5	−4.1	−0.9	−0.8	0.5
Uganda		−8.5	−8.9	−12.8	−11.4	−10.7
Zambia		−10.7	−13.0	−13.9	−13.3	−9.8
Zimbabwe		−11.0	−10.5	−4.8	−6.8	−6.9
Sub-Saharan Africa		−4.0	−3.6	−4.1	−3.8	−3.1
	Oil producing countries	−3.6	−1.5	−4.0	−1.3	2.2
	Non-oil producing countries	−4.3	−4.3	−4.2	−4.6	−4.8

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 8.

Overall Fiscal Balance, Excluding Grants, 1997-2004

(In percent of GDP)

		1997-2001	2001	2002	2003	2004
Angola		−16.9	−3.7	−9.0	−7.5	−3.5
Benin		−2.9	−4.2	−3.5	−4.2	−5.0
Botswana		4.0	−0.5	0.7	−3.2	0.2
Burkina Faso		−10.0	−11.1	−10.2	−9.2	−9.6
Burundi		−7.2	−7.2	−5.7	−9.8	−9.8
Cameroon		−0.6	2.0	1.5	1.7	1.7
Cape Verde		−19.2	−10.4	−10.2	−11.0	−11.0
Central African Republic		−7.0	−4.3	−5.0	−4.8	−5.0
Chad		−5.6	−6.2	−6.0	−6.2	−3.6
Comoros		−8.5	−7.5	−9.9	−3.1	−2.7
Congo, Rep. of		−7.1	−0.9	−8.3	−0.4	−2.0
Congo, Dem. Rep. of		−5.0	−1.7	−3.0	−5.7	−9.2
Côte d’Ivoire		−2.0	0.4	−1.7	−2.5	−1.1
Equatorial Guinea		4.4	15.0	12.4	23.3	27.8
Ethiopia		−10.2	−10.3	−14.0	−16.4	−14.1
Gabon		0.7	3.2	3.4	8.6	3.8
Gambia, The		−7.3	−16.0	−9.1	−7.9	−6.2
Ghana		−11.3	−14.6	−8.1	−8.0	−5.2
Guinea		−5.6	−7.5	−8.2	−7.2	−5.8
Guinea-Bissau		−22.2	−26.2	−18.1	−18.6	−21.4
Kenya		−2.2	−4.1	−4.5	−6.1	−8.2
Lesotho		−6.4	−2.2	−8.1	−6.1	−3.0
Madagascar		−7.6	−8.2	−7.7	−7.9	−7.8
Malawi		−12.3	−14.6	−14.1	−13.6	−18.8
Mali		−7.4	−7.0	−7.2	−8.2	−7.9
Mauritius		−5.0	−5.9	−6.2	−6.2	−5.1
Mozambique		−14.1	−21.2	−19.9	−13.6	−12.7
Namibia		−3.2	−3.9	−3.3	−1.5	−0.1
Niger		−8.3	−7.9	−7.7	−8.1	−8.2
Nigeria		−2.4	−2.7	−5.1	−2.7	2.7
Rwanda		−9.1	−9.5	−9.1	−11.0	−11.6
São Tomé and Príncipe		−50.0	−60.4	−40.9	−44.7	−40.3
Senegal		−2.9	−3.9	−1.6	−4.4	−4.6
Seychelles		−10.9	−7.3	−18.7	−3.7	6.8
Sierra Leone		−13.7	−15.8	−19.7	−25.2	−24.2
South Africa		−2.5	−1.6	−1.2	−2.2	−3.0
Swaziland		−1.3	−3.8	−5.5	−8.0	−8.4
Tanzania		−4.5	−4.7	−5.3	−7.7	−9.9
Togo		−4.5	−4.1	−0.9	−0.8	0.5
Uganda		−8.5	−8.9	−12.8	−11.4	−10.7
Zambia		−10.7	−13.0	−13.9	−13.3	−9.8
Zimbabwe		−11.0	−10.5	−4.8	−6.8	−6.9
Sub-Saharan Africa		−4.0	−3.6	−4.1	−3.8	−3.1
	Oil producing countries	−3.6	−1.5	−4.0	−1.3	2.2
	Non-oil producing countries	−4.3	−4.3	−4.2	−4.6	−4.8

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 9.

Government Revenue, Excluding Grants, 1997-2004

(In percent of GDP)

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 9.

Government Revenue, Excluding Grants, 1997-2004

(In percent of GDP)

		1997-2001	2001	2002	2003	2004
Angola		42.6	42.5	39.0	36.2	31.2
Benin		15.7	16.2	16.9	16.8	17.0
Botswana		43.8	42.6	46.7	44.4	46.0
Burkina Faso		11.8	11.1	11.6	12.4	13.2
Burundi		17.2	20.0	20.3	20.1	19.6
Cameroon		17.1	20.6	18.9	18.9	18.8
Cape Verde		20.2	20.6	22.5	21.0	20.6
Central African Republic		8.9	8.9	10.8	8.2	9.1
Chad		12.4	11.9	14.0	13.5	14.3
Comoros		11.6	11.1	12.6	13.0	13.1
Congo, Rep. of		26.9	30.7	27.2	29.5	27.2
Congo, Dem. Rep. of		5.4	6.5	7.9	8.1	9.0
Côte d’Ivoire		17.5	17.0	17.5	16.5	18.0
Equatorial Guinea		21.7	27.1	27.4	33.8	37.5
Ethiopia		18.3	18.8	20.1	19.6	19.5
Gabon		32.7	34.0	31.5	31.8	28.7
Gambia, The		17.8	15.1	16.3	15.2	16.2
Ghana		17.6	18.1	18.0	21.4	22.4
Guinea		11.1	11.3	12.0	11.6	12.1
Guinea-Bissau		14.8	16.8	15.3	16.7	20.4
Kenya		24.7	22.1	21.1	20.9	22.2
Lesotho		42.8	40.8	39.3	39.4	42.2
Madagascar		10.8	10.1	8.0	10.3	11.9
Malawi		17.2	18.4	17.9	22.0	20.4
Mali		13.2	13.2	15.1	15.6	16.6
Mauritius		19.6	18.0	18.2	20.5	21.4
Mozambique		12.3	13.3	14.2	14.6	14.4
Namibia		32.5	31.9	33.5	34.5	34.7
Niger		8.9	9.3	10.6	10.6	11.1
Nigeria		20.0	26.9	20.7	20.1	22.4
Rwanda		10.4	11.4	12.3	13.2	13.3
São Tomé and Príncipe		19.4	21.1	23.1	23.7	30.1
Senegal		17.4	17.8	18.9	19.2	19.3
Seychelles		44.7	41.4	39.9	43.9	47.4
Sierra Leone		9.1	14.0	14.5	14.6	15.3
South Africa		23.9	24.3	24.3	24.4	24.5
Swaziland		28.5	26.9	25.7	25.8	25.9
Tanzania		11.2	11.4	11.5	12.1	12.5
Togo		13.1	13.1	12.1	14.7	14.7
Uganda		11.2	10.9	12.3	12.3	13.1
Zambia		19.0	19.1	17.9	18.0	19.0
Zimbabwe		27.6	27.1	28.6	27.3	27.8
Sub-Saharan Africa		21.9	23.0	22.1	22.2	22.5
	Oil producing countries	23.4	28.4	23.9	23.4	23.8
	Non-oil producing countries	21.3	21.2	21.6	21.8	22.1

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 9.

Government Revenue, Excluding Grants, 1997-2004

(In percent of GDP)

		1997-2001	2001	2002	2003	2004
Angola		42.6	42.5	39.0	36.2	31.2
Benin		15.7	16.2	16.9	16.8	17.0
Botswana		43.8	42.6	46.7	44.4	46.0
Burkina Faso		11.8	11.1	11.6	12.4	13.2
Burundi		17.2	20.0	20.3	20.1	19.6
Cameroon		17.1	20.6	18.9	18.9	18.8
Cape Verde		20.2	20.6	22.5	21.0	20.6
Central African Republic		8.9	8.9	10.8	8.2	9.1
Chad		12.4	11.9	14.0	13.5	14.3
Comoros		11.6	11.1	12.6	13.0	13.1
Congo, Rep. of		26.9	30.7	27.2	29.5	27.2
Congo, Dem. Rep. of		5.4	6.5	7.9	8.1	9.0
Côte d’Ivoire		17.5	17.0	17.5	16.5	18.0
Equatorial Guinea		21.7	27.1	27.4	33.8	37.5
Ethiopia		18.3	18.8	20.1	19.6	19.5
Gabon		32.7	34.0	31.5	31.8	28.7
Gambia, The		17.8	15.1	16.3	15.2	16.2
Ghana		17.6	18.1	18.0	21.4	22.4
Guinea		11.1	11.3	12.0	11.6	12.1
Guinea-Bissau		14.8	16.8	15.3	16.7	20.4
Kenya		24.7	22.1	21.1	20.9	22.2
Lesotho		42.8	40.8	39.3	39.4	42.2
Madagascar		10.8	10.1	8.0	10.3	11.9
Malawi		17.2	18.4	17.9	22.0	20.4
Mali		13.2	13.2	15.1	15.6	16.6
Mauritius		19.6	18.0	18.2	20.5	21.4
Mozambique		12.3	13.3	14.2	14.6	14.4
Namibia		32.5	31.9	33.5	34.5	34.7
Niger		8.9	9.3	10.6	10.6	11.1
Nigeria		20.0	26.9	20.7	20.1	22.4
Rwanda		10.4	11.4	12.3	13.2	13.3
São Tomé and Príncipe		19.4	21.1	23.1	23.7	30.1
Senegal		17.4	17.8	18.9	19.2	19.3
Seychelles		44.7	41.4	39.9	43.9	47.4
Sierra Leone		9.1	14.0	14.5	14.6	15.3
South Africa		23.9	24.3	24.3	24.4	24.5
Swaziland		28.5	26.9	25.7	25.8	25.9
Tanzania		11.2	11.4	11.5	12.1	12.5
Togo		13.1	13.1	12.1	14.7	14.7
Uganda		11.2	10.9	12.3	12.3	13.1
Zambia		19.0	19.1	17.9	18.0	19.0
Zimbabwe		27.6	27.1	28.6	27.3	27.8
Sub-Saharan Africa		21.9	23.0	22.1	22.2	22.5
	Oil producing countries	23.4	28.4	23.9	23.4	23.8
	Non-oil producing countries	21.3	21.2	21.6	21.8	22.1

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 10.

Government Expenditure, 1997-2004

(In percent of GDP)

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 10.

Government Expenditure, 1997-2004

(In percent of GDP)

		1997-2001	2001	2002	2003	2004
Angola		59.5	46.3	47.9	43.8	34.7
Benin		18.6	20.3	20.4	21.0	22.0
Botswana		39.8	43.1	46.0	47.6	45.9
Burkina Faso		21.7	22.2	21.8	21.6	22.8
Burundi		24.4	27.2	25.9	29.9	29.4
Cameroon		17.8	18.6	17.4	17.2	17.1
Cape Verde		39.4	31.1	32.7	32.0	31.7
Central African Republic		15.9	13.2	15.7	13.0	14.1
Chad		18.0	18.0	20.0	19.7	17.8
Comoros		20.2	18.6	22.6	16.1	15.8
Congo, Rep. of		34.0	31.6	35.5	29.9	29.2
Congo, Dem. Rep. of		10.5	8.2	11.0	13.8	18.2
Côte d’Ivoire		19.6	16.6	19.3	19.0	19.1
Equatorial Guinea		17.3	12.1	15.0	10.5	9.8
Ethiopia		28.5	29.1	34.1	36.0	33.6
Gabon		31.9	30.8	28.1	23.2	24.9
Gambia, The		25.2	31.1	25.4	23.1	22.4
Ghana		28.8	32.7	26.1	29.3	27.6
Guinea		16.7	18.8	20.2	18.8	17.8
Guinea-Bissau		37.0	43.0	33.4	35.2	41.7
Kenya		26.9	26.1	25.5	27.0	30.4
Lesotho		49.2	43.0	47.3	45.5	45.2
Madagascar		18.3	18.4	15.7	18.3	19.7
Malawi		29.5	33.1	32.0	35.6	39.2
Mali		20.6	20.2	22.4	23.9	24.5
Mauritius		24.5	23.9	24.4	26.7	26.5
Mozambique		26.4	34.6	34.1	28.1	27.2
Namibia		35.7	35.8	36.8	36.0	34.7
Niger		17.2	17.2	18.4	18.7	19.3
Nigeria		22.4	29.5	25.7	22.7	19.6
Rwanda		19.6	21.0	21.3	24.2	24.8
São Tomé and Príncipe		69.4	81.5	64.1	68.4	70.4
Senegal		20.3	21.7	20.5	23.6	23.9
Seychelles		55.6	48.7	58.7	47.5	40.6
Sierra Leone		22.7	29.8	34.2	39.8	39.5
South Africa		26.4	25.9	25.5	26.7	27.5
Swaziland		29.8	30.7	31.2	33.8	34.3
Tanzania		15.7	16.1	16.8	19.8	22.5
Togo		17.7	17.2	13.1	15.5	14.2
Uganda		19.6	19.8	25.1	23.7	23.7
Zambia		29.6	32.1	31.8	31.2	28.7
Zimbabwe		38.6	37.6	33.4	34.1	34.7
Sub-Saharan Africa		25.9	26.6	26.3	26.0	25.6
	Oil producing countries	27.0	29.9	27.8	24.7	21.6
	Non-oil producing countries	25.6	25.5	25.7	26.4	26.9

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 10.

Government Expenditure, 1997-2004

(In percent of GDP)

		1997-2001	2001	2002	2003	2004
Angola		59.5	46.3	47.9	43.8	34.7
Benin		18.6	20.3	20.4	21.0	22.0
Botswana		39.8	43.1	46.0	47.6	45.9
Burkina Faso		21.7	22.2	21.8	21.6	22.8
Burundi		24.4	27.2	25.9	29.9	29.4
Cameroon		17.8	18.6	17.4	17.2	17.1
Cape Verde		39.4	31.1	32.7	32.0	31.7
Central African Republic		15.9	13.2	15.7	13.0	14.1
Chad		18.0	18.0	20.0	19.7	17.8
Comoros		20.2	18.6	22.6	16.1	15.8
Congo, Rep. of		34.0	31.6	35.5	29.9	29.2
Congo, Dem. Rep. of		10.5	8.2	11.0	13.8	18.2
Côte d’Ivoire		19.6	16.6	19.3	19.0	19.1
Equatorial Guinea		17.3	12.1	15.0	10.5	9.8
Ethiopia		28.5	29.1	34.1	36.0	33.6
Gabon		31.9	30.8	28.1	23.2	24.9
Gambia, The		25.2	31.1	25.4	23.1	22.4
Ghana		28.8	32.7	26.1	29.3	27.6
Guinea		16.7	18.8	20.2	18.8	17.8
Guinea-Bissau		37.0	43.0	33.4	35.2	41.7
Kenya		26.9	26.1	25.5	27.0	30.4
Lesotho		49.2	43.0	47.3	45.5	45.2
Madagascar		18.3	18.4	15.7	18.3	19.7
Malawi		29.5	33.1	32.0	35.6	39.2
Mali		20.6	20.2	22.4	23.9	24.5
Mauritius		24.5	23.9	24.4	26.7	26.5
Mozambique		26.4	34.6	34.1	28.1	27.2
Namibia		35.7	35.8	36.8	36.0	34.7
Niger		17.2	17.2	18.4	18.7	19.3
Nigeria		22.4	29.5	25.7	22.7	19.6
Rwanda		19.6	21.0	21.3	24.2	24.8
São Tomé and Príncipe		69.4	81.5	64.1	68.4	70.4
Senegal		20.3	21.7	20.5	23.6	23.9
Seychelles		55.6	48.7	58.7	47.5	40.6
Sierra Leone		22.7	29.8	34.2	39.8	39.5
South Africa		26.4	25.9	25.5	26.7	27.5
Swaziland		29.8	30.7	31.2	33.8	34.3
Tanzania		15.7	16.1	16.8	19.8	22.5
Togo		17.7	17.2	13.1	15.5	14.2
Uganda		19.6	19.8	25.1	23.7	23.7
Zambia		29.6	32.1	31.8	31.2	28.7
Zimbabwe		38.6	37.6	33.4	34.1	34.7
Sub-Saharan Africa		25.9	26.6	26.3	26.0	25.6
	Oil producing countries	27.0	29.9	27.8	24.7	21.6
	Non-oil producing countries	25.6	25.5	25.7	26.4	26.9

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 11.

Broad Money Growth, 1997-2004

(In percent)

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 11.

Broad Money Growth, 1997-2004

(In percent)

		1997-2001	2001	2002	2003	2004
Angola		270.9	163.2	158.1	57.4	50.1
Benin		16.7	12.7	−3.8	−2.5	10.0
Botswana		25.4	31.2	−1.1	12.6	9.0
Burkina Faso		5.7	10.7	2.9	9.1	7.9
Burundi		14.4	16.3	30.3	22.0	12.1
Cameroon		13.6	17.9	29.5	4.4	11.0
Cape Verde		10.2	9.8	14.3	7.8	9.0
Central African Republic		−2.3	−1.1	−4.3	−4.8	8.4
Chad		4.2	22.9	24.2	4.7	0.0
Comoros		13.1	47.4	10.7	−3.0	10.0
Congo, Rep. of		10.5	−22.8	13.1	−5.7	11.2
Congo, Dem. Rep. of		325.8	493.1	298.2	0.0	31.2
Côte d’Ivoire		6.0	11.8	30.8	−2.5	−0.2
Equatorial Guinea		43.2	57.6	34.8	17.8	11.8
Ethiopia		9.1	9.5	12.3	10.4	13.4
Gabon		7.7	11.6	9.0	0.7	10.5
Gambia, The		19.8	19.4	35.3	43.4	16.7
Ghana		35.3	41.4	49.6	28.3	18.9
Guinea		14.1	14.8	19.2	36.3	13.9
Guinea-Bissau		36.9	9.9	24.1	−2.4	17.8
Kenya		2.8	2.5	8.8	13.2	9.8
Lesotho		10.3	17.0	2.7	10.6	7.6
Madagascar		17.8	29.8	6.3	11.3	13.5
Malawi		27.8	8.9	23.4	26.4	3.0
Mali		9.1	19.2	28.4	15.4	11.9
Mauritius		12.3	9.9	13.0	11.0	10.5
Mozambique		29.9	29.7	20.1	13.5	14.5
Namibia		10.7	4.5	8.0	15.7	13.2
Niger		7.2	32.8	−0.4	13.7	12.0
Nigeria		33.5	27.2	21.6	52.2	7.6
Rwanda		14.6	8.8	12.4	11.0	5.7
São Tomé and Príncipe		31.5	12.6	7.0	7.0	7.0
Senegal		10.9	14.5	8.3	6.1	8.7
Seychelles		16.9	11.4	13.1	−9.4	−12.0
Sierra Leone		28.5	33.7	15.2	18.2	5.8
South Africa		13.2	16.7	12.8	8.4	9.0
Swaziland		10.4	10.7	13.1	14.0	9.2
Tanzania		10.7	14.9	21.3	16.9	21.4
Togo		3.9	−3.6	−2.0	20.9	−1.6
Uganda		18.4	17.5	21.6	23.3	12.3
Zambia		32.1	10.8	26.5	28.2	18.2
Zimbabwe		48.3	102.7	164.8	518.9	484.4
Sub-Saharan Africa		21.7	25.8	28.2	19.8	12.4
	Oil producing countries	40.2	35.1	34.8	37.1	13.3
	Non-oil producing countries	17.2	22.9	26.0	14.8	12.1

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 11.

Broad Money Growth, 1997-2004

(In percent)

		1997-2001	2001	2002	2003	2004
Angola		270.9	163.2	158.1	57.4	50.1
Benin		16.7	12.7	−3.8	−2.5	10.0
Botswana		25.4	31.2	−1.1	12.6	9.0
Burkina Faso		5.7	10.7	2.9	9.1	7.9
Burundi		14.4	16.3	30.3	22.0	12.1
Cameroon		13.6	17.9	29.5	4.4	11.0
Cape Verde		10.2	9.8	14.3	7.8	9.0
Central African Republic		−2.3	−1.1	−4.3	−4.8	8.4
Chad		4.2	22.9	24.2	4.7	0.0
Comoros		13.1	47.4	10.7	−3.0	10.0
Congo, Rep. of		10.5	−22.8	13.1	−5.7	11.2
Congo, Dem. Rep. of		325.8	493.1	298.2	0.0	31.2
Côte d’Ivoire		6.0	11.8	30.8	−2.5	−0.2
Equatorial Guinea		43.2	57.6	34.8	17.8	11.8
Ethiopia		9.1	9.5	12.3	10.4	13.4
Gabon		7.7	11.6	9.0	0.7	10.5
Gambia, The		19.8	19.4	35.3	43.4	16.7
Ghana		35.3	41.4	49.6	28.3	18.9
Guinea		14.1	14.8	19.2	36.3	13.9
Guinea-Bissau		36.9	9.9	24.1	−2.4	17.8
Kenya		2.8	2.5	8.8	13.2	9.8
Lesotho		10.3	17.0	2.7	10.6	7.6
Madagascar		17.8	29.8	6.3	11.3	13.5
Malawi		27.8	8.9	23.4	26.4	3.0
Mali		9.1	19.2	28.4	15.4	11.9
Mauritius		12.3	9.9	13.0	11.0	10.5
Mozambique		29.9	29.7	20.1	13.5	14.5
Namibia		10.7	4.5	8.0	15.7	13.2
Niger		7.2	32.8	−0.4	13.7	12.0
Nigeria		33.5	27.2	21.6	52.2	7.6
Rwanda		14.6	8.8	12.4	11.0	5.7
São Tomé and Príncipe		31.5	12.6	7.0	7.0	7.0
Senegal		10.9	14.5	8.3	6.1	8.7
Seychelles		16.9	11.4	13.1	−9.4	−12.0
Sierra Leone		28.5	33.7	15.2	18.2	5.8
South Africa		13.2	16.7	12.8	8.4	9.0
Swaziland		10.4	10.7	13.1	14.0	9.2
Tanzania		10.7	14.9	21.3	16.9	21.4
Togo		3.9	−3.6	−2.0	20.9	−1.6
Uganda		18.4	17.5	21.6	23.3	12.3
Zambia		32.1	10.8	26.5	28.2	18.2
Zimbabwe		48.3	102.7	164.8	518.9	484.4
Sub-Saharan Africa		21.7	25.8	28.2	19.8	12.4
	Oil producing countries	40.2	35.1	34.8	37.1	13.3
	Non-oil producing countries	17.2	22.9	26.0	14.8	12.1

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 12.

Exports of Goods and Services, 1997-2004

(In percent of GDP)

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 12.

Exports of Goods and Services, 1997-2004

(In percent of GDP)

		1997-2001	2001	2002	2003	2004
Angola		74.9	71.1	76.7	76.8	75.6
Benin		15.9	15.0	13.8	14.0	14.4
Botswana		54.7	52.2	51.6	47.8	47.6
Burkina Faso		9.9	9.2	8.5	9.3	9.5
Burundi		8.0	7.0	6.2	8.7	5.8
Cameroon		27.8	31.8	25.6	24.6	21.6
Cape Verde		25.5	29.2	30.1	29.1	29.2
Central African Republic		19.9	16.2	15.3	11.4	12.3
Chad		17.0	15.2	12.3	21.2	41.1
Comoros		21.1	15.9	15.8	12.9	12.1
Congo, Rep. of		76.9	80.1	80.7	78.4	74.8
Congo, Dem. Rep. of		22.2	18.7	21.3	24.8	24.9
Côte d’Ivoire		40.4	40.6	47.8	46.9	42.1
Equatorial Guinea		103.7	107.1	105.4	101.3	99.7
Ethiopia		15.3	15.1	16.2	17.2	15.9
Gabon		59.0	59.0	58.0	57.2	55.9
Gambia, The		44.7	36.6	44.7	44.2	57.9
Ghana		38.5	45.2	42.5	38.0	34.5
Guinea		22.5	27.1	24.3	24.4	26.8
Guinea-Bissau		23.8	26.7	28.8	24.6	26.5
Kenya		26.3	26.4	26.6	26.8	27.1
Lesotho		30.8	46.0	55.7	50.1	50.2
Madagascar		25.5	29.1	16.0	20.5	21.3
Malawi		27.5	28.5	25.1	27.2	28.8
Mali		24.3	29.0	32.2	26.6	28.4
Mauritius		60.5	61.1	60.7	56.2	52.3
Mozambique		18.5	29.2	33.0	27.8	31.8
Namibia		46.2	44.6	51.8	56.4	57.3
Niger		17.0	16.9	16.5	16.9	17.9
Nigeria		43.3	44.0	39.3	47.5	45.5
Rwanda		7.4	9.2	7.7	7.5	8.3
São Tomé and Príncipe		32.4	36.0	36.2	38.3	39.0
Senegal		30.1	30.4	30.1	28.4	27.2
Seychelles		70.9	80.7	77.7	77.8	77.7
Sierra Leone		14.8	15.4	18.2	22.7	25.9
South Africa		27.1	30.8	34.4	24.8	25.7
Swaziland		79.6	92.1	90.8	83.5	83.1
Tanzania		14.6	15.3	15.9	17.8	17.9
Togo		29.0	30.6	33.8	40.1	38.2
Uganda		11.8	12.0	12.0	12.7	13.8
Zambia		29.0	29.0	28.6	31.0	33.3
Zimbabwe		35.2	20.3	8.6	20.6	35.4
Sub-Saharan Africa		32.1	34.6	34.5	32.9	33.1
	Oil producing countries	47.5	49.1	46.4	51.2	49.6
	Non-oil producing countries	27.9	29.9	30.3	27.0	27.6

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 12.

Exports of Goods and Services, 1997-2004

(In percent of GDP)

		1997-2001	2001	2002	2003	2004
Angola		74.9	71.1	76.7	76.8	75.6
Benin		15.9	15.0	13.8	14.0	14.4
Botswana		54.7	52.2	51.6	47.8	47.6
Burkina Faso		9.9	9.2	8.5	9.3	9.5
Burundi		8.0	7.0	6.2	8.7	5.8
Cameroon		27.8	31.8	25.6	24.6	21.6
Cape Verde		25.5	29.2	30.1	29.1	29.2
Central African Republic		19.9	16.2	15.3	11.4	12.3
Chad		17.0	15.2	12.3	21.2	41.1
Comoros		21.1	15.9	15.8	12.9	12.1
Congo, Rep. of		76.9	80.1	80.7	78.4	74.8
Congo, Dem. Rep. of		22.2	18.7	21.3	24.8	24.9
Côte d’Ivoire		40.4	40.6	47.8	46.9	42.1
Equatorial Guinea		103.7	107.1	105.4	101.3	99.7
Ethiopia		15.3	15.1	16.2	17.2	15.9
Gabon		59.0	59.0	58.0	57.2	55.9
Gambia, The		44.7	36.6	44.7	44.2	57.9
Ghana		38.5	45.2	42.5	38.0	34.5
Guinea		22.5	27.1	24.3	24.4	26.8
Guinea-Bissau		23.8	26.7	28.8	24.6	26.5
Kenya		26.3	26.4	26.6	26.8	27.1
Lesotho		30.8	46.0	55.7	50.1	50.2
Madagascar		25.5	29.1	16.0	20.5	21.3
Malawi		27.5	28.5	25.1	27.2	28.8
Mali		24.3	29.0	32.2	26.6	28.4
Mauritius		60.5	61.1	60.7	56.2	52.3
Mozambique		18.5	29.2	33.0	27.8	31.8
Namibia		46.2	44.6	51.8	56.4	57.3
Niger		17.0	16.9	16.5	16.9	17.9
Nigeria		43.3	44.0	39.3	47.5	45.5
Rwanda		7.4	9.2	7.7	7.5	8.3
São Tomé and Príncipe		32.4	36.0	36.2	38.3	39.0
Senegal		30.1	30.4	30.1	28.4	27.2
Seychelles		70.9	80.7	77.7	77.8	77.7
Sierra Leone		14.8	15.4	18.2	22.7	25.9
South Africa		27.1	30.8	34.4	24.8	25.7
Swaziland		79.6	92.1	90.8	83.5	83.1
Tanzania		14.6	15.3	15.9	17.8	17.9
Togo		29.0	30.6	33.8	40.1	38.2
Uganda		11.8	12.0	12.0	12.7	13.8
Zambia		29.0	29.0	28.6	31.0	33.3
Zimbabwe		35.2	20.3	8.6	20.6	35.4
Sub-Saharan Africa		32.1	34.6	34.5	32.9	33.1
	Oil producing countries	47.5	49.1	46.4	51.2	49.6
	Non-oil producing countries	27.9	29.9	30.3	27.0	27.6

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 13.

Imports of Goods and Services, 1997-2004

(In percent of GDP)

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 13.

Imports of Goods and Services, 1997-2004

(In percent of GDP)

		1997-2001	2001	2002	2003	2004
Angola		74.0	70.7	69.6	70.8	70.1
Benin		28.2	27.7	26.9	26.0	25.5
Botswana		46.0	43.2	42.0	41.9	41.8
Burkina Faso		24.5	23.1	21.6	21.7	21.7
Burundi		18.6	22.1	23.4	31.2	32.4
Cameroon		25.6	29.2	30.5	25.4	23.4
Cape Verde		59.8	62.0	66.0	64.4	63.0
Central African Republic		25.0	21.7	18.8	15.2	16.7
Chad		36.8	51.4	64.6	53.8	29.0
Comoros		35.0	29.2	28.1	25.3	25.1
Congo, Rep. of		57.8	53.4	54.0	54.4	53.2
Congo, Dem. Rep. of		20.7	20.7	26.1	31.7	36.3
Côte d’Ivoire		32.8	32.9	31.8	32.5	31.3
Equatorial Guinea		132.1	123.0	74.5	65.3	43.7
Ethiopia		28.0	29.8	34.2	36.6	35.4
Gabon		37.9	35.7	34.7	33.3	33.7
Gambia, The		52.6	42.6	51.3	52.2	62.2
Ghana		56.3	64.8	54.9	51.9	47.6
Guinea		26.7	29.0	29.8	27.9	30.1
Guinea-Bissau		48.2	64.0	58.6	52.3	59.5
Kenya		34.3	35.6	30.3	32.3	36.3
Lesotho		96.8	98.9	114.3	99.2	101.6
Madagascar		32.3	32.3	22.6	28.4	29.8
Malawi		38.9	39.8	43.2	42.6	43.5
Mali		33.9	38.3	33.7	33.3	32.1
Mauritius		62.7	59.4	56.7	53.0	49.9
Mozambique		36.6	48.5	51.0	48.5	40.3
Namibia		56.0	53.2	60.7	67.0	67.5
Niger		24.9	24.6	26.7	27.6	28.3
Nigeria		36.6	36.8	40.4	40.6	38.3
Rwanda		24.4	25.1	24.5	28.4	29.8
São Tomé and Príncipe		84.0	89.3	76.9	82.9	105.2
Senegal		38.1	39.9	40.7	40.0	37.6
Seychelles		84.3	102.0	84.1	76.1	70.9
Sierra Leone		24.5	32.6	40.8	50.4	55.8
South Africa		24.8	27.2	31.0	23.6	25.2
Swaziland		96.4	103.5	99.7	93.7	93.4
Tanzania		25.4	23.9	23.5	25.1	29.0
Togo		43.2	47.3	49.4	53.7	52.0
Uganda		22.6	24.4	27.4	27.2	28.9
Zambia		40.0	44.6	42.0	42.3	43.9
Zimbabwe		35.7	23.6	11.7	27.7	50.0
Sub-Saharan Africa		32.6	34.6	35.4	33.2	33.5
	Oil producing countries	41.5	43.1	44.8	43.9	40.7
	Non-oil producing countries	30.2	31.9	32.1	29.7	31.1

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 13.

Imports of Goods and Services, 1997-2004

(In percent of GDP)

		1997-2001	2001	2002	2003	2004
Angola		74.0	70.7	69.6	70.8	70.1
Benin		28.2	27.7	26.9	26.0	25.5
Botswana		46.0	43.2	42.0	41.9	41.8
Burkina Faso		24.5	23.1	21.6	21.7	21.7
Burundi		18.6	22.1	23.4	31.2	32.4
Cameroon		25.6	29.2	30.5	25.4	23.4
Cape Verde		59.8	62.0	66.0	64.4	63.0
Central African Republic		25.0	21.7	18.8	15.2	16.7
Chad		36.8	51.4	64.6	53.8	29.0
Comoros		35.0	29.2	28.1	25.3	25.1
Congo, Rep. of		57.8	53.4	54.0	54.4	53.2
Congo, Dem. Rep. of		20.7	20.7	26.1	31.7	36.3
Côte d’Ivoire		32.8	32.9	31.8	32.5	31.3
Equatorial Guinea		132.1	123.0	74.5	65.3	43.7
Ethiopia		28.0	29.8	34.2	36.6	35.4
Gabon		37.9	35.7	34.7	33.3	33.7
Gambia, The		52.6	42.6	51.3	52.2	62.2
Ghana		56.3	64.8	54.9	51.9	47.6
Guinea		26.7	29.0	29.8	27.9	30.1
Guinea-Bissau		48.2	64.0	58.6	52.3	59.5
Kenya		34.3	35.6	30.3	32.3	36.3
Lesotho		96.8	98.9	114.3	99.2	101.6
Madagascar		32.3	32.3	22.6	28.4	29.8
Malawi		38.9	39.8	43.2	42.6	43.5
Mali		33.9	38.3	33.7	33.3	32.1
Mauritius		62.7	59.4	56.7	53.0	49.9
Mozambique		36.6	48.5	51.0	48.5	40.3
Namibia		56.0	53.2	60.7	67.0	67.5
Niger		24.9	24.6	26.7	27.6	28.3
Nigeria		36.6	36.8	40.4	40.6	38.3
Rwanda		24.4	25.1	24.5	28.4	29.8
São Tomé and Príncipe		84.0	89.3	76.9	82.9	105.2
Senegal		38.1	39.9	40.7	40.0	37.6
Seychelles		84.3	102.0	84.1	76.1	70.9
Sierra Leone		24.5	32.6	40.8	50.4	55.8
South Africa		24.8	27.2	31.0	23.6	25.2
Swaziland		96.4	103.5	99.7	93.7	93.4
Tanzania		25.4	23.9	23.5	25.1	29.0
Togo		43.2	47.3	49.4	53.7	52.0
Uganda		22.6	24.4	27.4	27.2	28.9
Zambia		40.0	44.6	42.0	42.3	43.9
Zimbabwe		35.7	23.6	11.7	27.7	50.0
Sub-Saharan Africa		32.6	34.6	35.4	33.2	33.5
	Oil producing countries	41.5	43.1	44.8	43.9	40.7
	Non-oil producing countries	30.2	31.9	32.1	29.7	31.1

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 14.

Trade Balance, 1997-2004

(In percent of GDP)

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 14.

Trade Balance, 1997-2004

(In percent of GDP)

		1997-2001	2001	2002	2003	2004
Angola		35.6	35.4	41.5	39.5	35.8
Benin		−10.5	−10.7	−11.6	−10.5	−9.3
Botswana		12.8	13.0	13.6	10.1	10.2
Burkina Faso		−10.7	−10.2	−9.7	−9.0	−8.8
Burundi		−6.3	−10.4	−11.6	−13.7	−18.0
Cameroon		4.8	6.0	0.9	1.0	−0.1
Cape Verde		−35.2	−34.7	−37.5	−36.7	−35.6
Central African Republic		2.1	2.7	2.9	1.2	0.9
Chad		−6.5	−19.5	−32.0	−16.1	20.1
Comoros		−15.0	−10.5	−10.3	−11.0	−11.7
Congo, Rep. of		47.2	49.3	51.1	48.5	44.5
Congo, Dem. Rep. of		6.9	1.4	−0.3	−2.3	−5.9
Côte d’Ivoire		14.0	13.7	22.8	23.0	19.0
Equatorial Guinea		16.4	15.8	54.3	55.2	71.6
Ethiopia		−14.8	−16.8	−20.5	−22.0	−21.8
Gabon		35.8	36.5	34.7	33.9	30.6
Gambia, The		−15.3	−10.3	−13.3	−14.1	−15.1
Ghana		−15.9	−18.2	−10.7	−12.1	−11.5
Guinea		2.9	5.3	1.6	2.9	2.9
Guinea-Bissau		−12.4	−23.0	−15.6	−15.8	−19.8
Kenya		−9.9	−11.5	−7.4	−8.6	−12.0
Lesotho		−65.0	−51.3	−55.8	−45.9	−48.5
Madagascar		−3.1	0.3	−2.6	−4.0	−5.3
Malawi		−3.7	−4.2	−10.3	−7.4	−6.3
Mali		−0.5	−0.3	5.7	1.9	4.2
Mauritius		−8.3	−5.6	−4.8	−5.2	−5.0
Mozambique		−16.9	−10.5	−16.1	−15.8	−5.0
Namibia		−6.3	−5.7	−5.8	−7.8	−7.6
Niger		−2.4	−3.0	−5.5	−5.9	−5.6
Nigeria		15.3	15.3	8.5	16.2	15.6
Rwanda		−9.3	−8.5	−9.6	−11.8	−12.2
São Tomé and Príncipe		−35.9	−38.2	−31.4	−36.6	−49.0
Senegal		−7.6	−9.2	−10.2	−11.0	−10.0
Seychelles		−31.5	−32.1	−20.0	−12.8	−9.0
Sierra Leone		−4.9	−11.5	−15.8	−19.2	−20.5
South Africa		2.7	4.3	4.2	1.7	1.1
Swaziland		−8.1	−6.1	−6.7	−8.0	−8.0
Tanzania		−8.2	−8.4	−7.4	−6.7	−9.7
Togo		−10.2	−12.4	−12.0	−10.4	−10.9
Uganda		−7.3	−8.8	−10.2	−10.8	−11.7
Zambia		−5.0	−9.4	−6.9	−5.7	−4.9
Zimbabwe		0.7	−1.9	−2.1	−4.6	−10.3
Sub-Saharan Africa		3.4	4.2	3.7	3.9	3.6
	Oil producing countries	18.5	18.6	15.4	20.0	20.1
	Non-oil producing countries	−0.8	−0.5	−0.3	−1.3	−2.0

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 14.

Trade Balance, 1997-2004

(In percent of GDP)

		1997-2001	2001	2002	2003	2004
Angola		35.6	35.4	41.5	39.5	35.8
Benin		−10.5	−10.7	−11.6	−10.5	−9.3
Botswana		12.8	13.0	13.6	10.1	10.2
Burkina Faso		−10.7	−10.2	−9.7	−9.0	−8.8
Burundi		−6.3	−10.4	−11.6	−13.7	−18.0
Cameroon		4.8	6.0	0.9	1.0	−0.1
Cape Verde		−35.2	−34.7	−37.5	−36.7	−35.6
Central African Republic		2.1	2.7	2.9	1.2	0.9
Chad		−6.5	−19.5	−32.0	−16.1	20.1
Comoros		−15.0	−10.5	−10.3	−11.0	−11.7
Congo, Rep. of		47.2	49.3	51.1	48.5	44.5
Congo, Dem. Rep. of		6.9	1.4	−0.3	−2.3	−5.9
Côte d’Ivoire		14.0	13.7	22.8	23.0	19.0
Equatorial Guinea		16.4	15.8	54.3	55.2	71.6
Ethiopia		−14.8	−16.8	−20.5	−22.0	−21.8
Gabon		35.8	36.5	34.7	33.9	30.6
Gambia, The		−15.3	−10.3	−13.3	−14.1	−15.1
Ghana		−15.9	−18.2	−10.7	−12.1	−11.5
Guinea		2.9	5.3	1.6	2.9	2.9
Guinea-Bissau		−12.4	−23.0	−15.6	−15.8	−19.8
Kenya		−9.9	−11.5	−7.4	−8.6	−12.0
Lesotho		−65.0	−51.3	−55.8	−45.9	−48.5
Madagascar		−3.1	0.3	−2.6	−4.0	−5.3
Malawi		−3.7	−4.2	−10.3	−7.4	−6.3
Mali		−0.5	−0.3	5.7	1.9	4.2
Mauritius		−8.3	−5.6	−4.8	−5.2	−5.0
Mozambique		−16.9	−10.5	−16.1	−15.8	−5.0
Namibia		−6.3	−5.7	−5.8	−7.8	−7.6
Niger		−2.4	−3.0	−5.5	−5.9	−5.6
Nigeria		15.3	15.3	8.5	16.2	15.6
Rwanda		−9.3	−8.5	−9.6	−11.8	−12.2
São Tomé and Príncipe		−35.9	−38.2	−31.4	−36.6	−49.0
Senegal		−7.6	−9.2	−10.2	−11.0	−10.0
Seychelles		−31.5	−32.1	−20.0	−12.8	−9.0
Sierra Leone		−4.9	−11.5	−15.8	−19.2	−20.5
South Africa		2.7	4.3	4.2	1.7	1.1
Swaziland		−8.1	−6.1	−6.7	−8.0	−8.0
Tanzania		−8.2	−8.4	−7.4	−6.7	−9.7
Togo		−10.2	−12.4	−12.0	−10.4	−10.9
Uganda		−7.3	−8.8	−10.2	−10.8	−11.7
Zambia		−5.0	−9.4	−6.9	−5.7	−4.9
Zimbabwe		0.7	−1.9	−2.1	−4.6	−10.3
Sub-Saharan Africa		3.4	4.2	3.7	3.9	3.6
	Oil producing countries	18.5	18.6	15.4	20.0	20.1
	Non-oil producing countries	−0.8	−0.5	−0.3	−1.3	−2.0

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 15.

Terms of Trade

(Index, 1990=100)

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 15.

Terms of Trade

(Index, 1990=100)

		1997-2001	2001	2002	2003	2004
Angola		102.9	117.0	117.0	115.1	120.9
Benin		84.0	87.3	73.3	78.8	88.8
Botswana		99.6	98.9	99.8	96.1	99.3
Burkina Faso		97.6	98.4	84.0	90.3	94.2
Burundi		100.6	73.2	73.2	70.5	68.2
Cameroon		99.0	115.5	110.6	105.6	101.9
Cape Verde		37.5	36.9	37.0	36.8	36.9
Central African Republic		83.1	75.8	73.9	88.9	97.0
Chad		157.5	184.7	172.4	228.1	254.0
Comoros		73.5	167.6	182.8	110.0	94.7
Congo, Rep. of		111.3	123.5	161.9	170.6	150.3
Congo, Dem. Rep. of		137.1	143.9	162.6	135.7	126.1
Cote d’Ivoire		115.6	100.1	133.3	141.1	138.5
Equatorial Guinea		95.9	69.6	94.5	95.5	123.8
Ethiopia		70.9	50.3	44.6	40.4	39.3
Gabon		87.1	86.3	93.3	92.5	102.8
Gambia, The		69.8	41.6	42.0	31.3	39.1
Ghana		106.8	90.6	99.1	103.2	103.0
Guinea		87.3	86.6	88.4	85.8	84.5
Guinea-Bissau		86.3	72.1	80.6	73.8	74.5
Kenya		132.1	126.2	120.4	119.0	121.8
Lesotho		120.1	128.9	130.3	132.8	132.0
Madagascar		102.0	99.8	89.5	93.3	100.6
Malawi		122.4	116.5	116.4	104.8	99.3
Mali		101.7	99.2	107.0	108.9	117.1
Mauritius		111.8	116.1	116.0	112.7	113.5
Mozambique		79.3	71.9	78.1	81.6	82.1
Namibia		89.2	92.1	109.9	100.2	94.3
Niger		74.5	78.8	90.0	87.8	94.2
Nigeria		97.5	119.8	119.1	122.2	117.7
Rwanda		126.0	122.9	104.4	80.0	83.0
São Tomé and Príncipe		99.4	93.4	95.7	82.0	76.4
Senegal		92.4	92.3	91.2	92.4	92.9
Seychelles		47.4	46.1	46.8	55.6	59.7
Sierra Leone		124.6	113.7	113.7	113.5	114.1
South Africa		93.7	92.0	92.2	91.5	91.4
Swaziland		98.4	95.2	94.5	93.5	95.2
Tanzania		99.0	95.5	98.5	110.8	100.3
Togo		57.0	49.9	52.7	63.0	73.3
Uganda		59.4	39.0	35.4	32.7	33.9
Zambia		63.2	58.6	54.5	58.0	61.6
Zimbabwe		113.7	108.1	106.8	99.1	99.5
Sub-Saharan Africa		98.0	99.2	101.7	100.8	101.3
	Oil producing countries	99.8	117.2	118.5	121.1	121.8
	Non-oil producing countries	96.8	93.3	95.9	94.3	94.5

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 15.

Terms of Trade

(Index, 1990=100)

		1997-2001	2001	2002	2003	2004
Angola		102.9	117.0	117.0	115.1	120.9
Benin		84.0	87.3	73.3	78.8	88.8
Botswana		99.6	98.9	99.8	96.1	99.3
Burkina Faso		97.6	98.4	84.0	90.3	94.2
Burundi		100.6	73.2	73.2	70.5	68.2
Cameroon		99.0	115.5	110.6	105.6	101.9
Cape Verde		37.5	36.9	37.0	36.8	36.9
Central African Republic		83.1	75.8	73.9	88.9	97.0
Chad		157.5	184.7	172.4	228.1	254.0
Comoros		73.5	167.6	182.8	110.0	94.7
Congo, Rep. of		111.3	123.5	161.9	170.6	150.3
Congo, Dem. Rep. of		137.1	143.9	162.6	135.7	126.1
Cote d’Ivoire		115.6	100.1	133.3	141.1	138.5
Equatorial Guinea		95.9	69.6	94.5	95.5	123.8
Ethiopia		70.9	50.3	44.6	40.4	39.3
Gabon		87.1	86.3	93.3	92.5	102.8
Gambia, The		69.8	41.6	42.0	31.3	39.1
Ghana		106.8	90.6	99.1	103.2	103.0
Guinea		87.3	86.6	88.4	85.8	84.5
Guinea-Bissau		86.3	72.1	80.6	73.8	74.5
Kenya		132.1	126.2	120.4	119.0	121.8
Lesotho		120.1	128.9	130.3	132.8	132.0
Madagascar		102.0	99.8	89.5	93.3	100.6
Malawi		122.4	116.5	116.4	104.8	99.3
Mali		101.7	99.2	107.0	108.9	117.1
Mauritius		111.8	116.1	116.0	112.7	113.5
Mozambique		79.3	71.9	78.1	81.6	82.1
Namibia		89.2	92.1	109.9	100.2	94.3
Niger		74.5	78.8	90.0	87.8	94.2
Nigeria		97.5	119.8	119.1	122.2	117.7
Rwanda		126.0	122.9	104.4	80.0	83.0
São Tomé and Príncipe		99.4	93.4	95.7	82.0	76.4
Senegal		92.4	92.3	91.2	92.4	92.9
Seychelles		47.4	46.1	46.8	55.6	59.7
Sierra Leone		124.6	113.7	113.7	113.5	114.1
South Africa		93.7	92.0	92.2	91.5	91.4
Swaziland		98.4	95.2	94.5	93.5	95.2
Tanzania		99.0	95.5	98.5	110.8	100.3
Togo		57.0	49.9	52.7	63.0	73.3
Uganda		59.4	39.0	35.4	32.7	33.9
Zambia		63.2	58.6	54.5	58.0	61.6
Zimbabwe		113.7	108.1	106.8	99.1	99.5
Sub-Saharan Africa		98.0	99.2	101.7	100.8	101.3
	Oil producing countries	99.8	117.2	118.5	121.1	121.8
	Non-oil producing countries	96.8	93.3	95.9	94.3	94.5

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 16.

External Current Account, Including Grants, 1997-2004

(In percent of GDP)

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 16.

External Current Account, Including Grants, 1997-2004

(In percent of GDP)

		1997-2001	2001	2002	2003	2004
Angola		−14.9	−15.1	−5.8	−6.2	−4.4
Benin		−7.1	−6.7	−9.0	−8.0	−7.5
Botswana		9.6	7.6	7.3	3.6	3.6
Burkina Faso		−10.3	−10.3	−9.8	−8.1	−9.3
Burundi		−6.6	−6.8	−6.5	−6.1	−11.1
Cameroon		−2.6	−1.7	−7.2	−3.1	−3.2
Cape Verde		−10.3	−10.7	−11.8	−10.3	−10.5
Central African Republic		−3.5	−4.8	−2.9	−3.6	−2.8
Chad		−17.5	−35.2	−51.8	−40.1	−16.6
Comoros		−8.9	1.8	1.1	−1.1	−1.4
Congo, Rep. of		−9.2	−3.2	−0.3	−0.7	−1.4
Congo, Dem. Rep. of		−4.8	−4.8	−2.7	−2.0	−6.0
Côte d’Ivoire		−1.6	−0.9	6.2	4.9	2.4
Equatorial Guinea		−43.2	−32.1	−6.7	0.3	16.0
Ethiopia		−4.3	−3.6	−5.7	−4.7	−7.9
Gabon		−3.0	0.3	0.7	−1.2	−5.8
Gambia, The		−3.1	−3.5	−2.2	−5.1	−0.7
Ghana		−8.9	−5.3	0.5	−0.4	−1.0
Guinea		−6.5	−2.4	−6.5	−4.8	−5.6
Guinea-Bissau		−14.4	−24.9	−12.3	−9.8	−17.5
Kenya		−3.6	−4.1	0.0	−2.3	−8.1
Lesotho		−22.1	−13.4	−17.5	−11.8	−15.0
Madagascar		−5.1	−1.3	−5.9	−4.9	−5.4
Malawi		−6.6	−6.9	−6.9	−10.2	−7.9
Mali		−8.5	−10.4	−4.3	−7.0	−6.2
Mauritius		−0.4	3.4	5.2	4.6	3.5
Mozambique		−17.9	−21.9	−17.8	−18.9	−13.1
Namibia		3.8	2.6	2.2	4.0	4.2
Niger		−6.3	−4.8	−7.2	−8.8	−7.8
Nigeria		1.1	2.3	−6.1	0.1	1.2
Rwanda		−7.6	−5.9	−6.7	−9.6	−7.4
São Tomé and Príncipe		−41.4	−51.6	−43.0	−43.2	−62.4
Senegal		−5.1	−4.9	−5.7	−6.6	−5.7
Seychelles		−15.6	−23.5	−16.3	−2.8	0.7
Sierra Leone		−5.5	−8.9	−10.1	−14.7	−17.0
South Africa		−0.9	−0.3	0.3	−1.2	−1.8
Swaziland		−3.7	−4.3	−3.9	−4.6	−4.8
Tanzania		−7.3	−5.0	−4.0	−2.6	−6.0
Togo		−11.8	−13.1	−10.8	−8.3	−8.3
Uganda		−5.4	−5.4	−6.3	−6.0	−3.9
Zambia		−14.9	−20.0	−15.5	−13.7	−13.0
Zimbabwe		−2.9	−3.3	−2.2	−4.5	−8.8
Sub-Saharan Africa		−2.8	−2.4	−2.9	−2.3	−2.6
	Oil producing countries	−2.9	−2.3	−6.7	−2.4	−0.9
	Non-oil producing countries	−2.9	−2.5	−1.6	−2.3	−3.2

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 16.

External Current Account, Including Grants, 1997-2004

(In percent of GDP)

		1997-2001	2001	2002	2003	2004
Angola		−14.9	−15.1	−5.8	−6.2	−4.4
Benin		−7.1	−6.7	−9.0	−8.0	−7.5
Botswana		9.6	7.6	7.3	3.6	3.6
Burkina Faso		−10.3	−10.3	−9.8	−8.1	−9.3
Burundi		−6.6	−6.8	−6.5	−6.1	−11.1
Cameroon		−2.6	−1.7	−7.2	−3.1	−3.2
Cape Verde		−10.3	−10.7	−11.8	−10.3	−10.5
Central African Republic		−3.5	−4.8	−2.9	−3.6	−2.8
Chad		−17.5	−35.2	−51.8	−40.1	−16.6
Comoros		−8.9	1.8	1.1	−1.1	−1.4
Congo, Rep. of		−9.2	−3.2	−0.3	−0.7	−1.4
Congo, Dem. Rep. of		−4.8	−4.8	−2.7	−2.0	−6.0
Côte d’Ivoire		−1.6	−0.9	6.2	4.9	2.4
Equatorial Guinea		−43.2	−32.1	−6.7	0.3	16.0
Ethiopia		−4.3	−3.6	−5.7	−4.7	−7.9
Gabon		−3.0	0.3	0.7	−1.2	−5.8
Gambia, The		−3.1	−3.5	−2.2	−5.1	−0.7
Ghana		−8.9	−5.3	0.5	−0.4	−1.0
Guinea		−6.5	−2.4	−6.5	−4.8	−5.6
Guinea-Bissau		−14.4	−24.9	−12.3	−9.8	−17.5
Kenya		−3.6	−4.1	0.0	−2.3	−8.1
Lesotho		−22.1	−13.4	−17.5	−11.8	−15.0
Madagascar		−5.1	−1.3	−5.9	−4.9	−5.4
Malawi		−6.6	−6.9	−6.9	−10.2	−7.9
Mali		−8.5	−10.4	−4.3	−7.0	−6.2
Mauritius		−0.4	3.4	5.2	4.6	3.5
Mozambique		−17.9	−21.9	−17.8	−18.9	−13.1
Namibia		3.8	2.6	2.2	4.0	4.2
Niger		−6.3	−4.8	−7.2	−8.8	−7.8
Nigeria		1.1	2.3	−6.1	0.1	1.2
Rwanda		−7.6	−5.9	−6.7	−9.6	−7.4
São Tomé and Príncipe		−41.4	−51.6	−43.0	−43.2	−62.4
Senegal		−5.1	−4.9	−5.7	−6.6	−5.7
Seychelles		−15.6	−23.5	−16.3	−2.8	0.7
Sierra Leone		−5.5	−8.9	−10.1	−14.7	−17.0
South Africa		−0.9	−0.3	0.3	−1.2	−1.8
Swaziland		−3.7	−4.3	−3.9	−4.6	−4.8
Tanzania		−7.3	−5.0	−4.0	−2.6	−6.0
Togo		−11.8	−13.1	−10.8	−8.3	−8.3
Uganda		−5.4	−5.4	−6.3	−6.0	−3.9
Zambia		−14.9	−20.0	−15.5	−13.7	−13.0
Zimbabwe		−2.9	−3.3	−2.2	−4.5	−8.8
Sub-Saharan Africa		−2.8	−2.4	−2.9	−2.3	−2.6
	Oil producing countries	−2.9	−2.3	−6.7	−2.4	−0.9
	Non-oil producing countries	−2.9	−2.5	−1.6	−2.3	−3.2

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 17.

External Current Account, Excluding Grants, 1997-2004

(In percent of GDP)

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 17.

External Current Account, Excluding Grants, 1997-2004

(In percent of GDP)

		1997-2001	2001	2002	2003	2004
Angola		−16.1	−16.1	−6.5	−7.0	−5.3
Benin		−9.8	−10.2	−11.1	−10.1	−9.3
Botswana		5.2	3.7	2.8	−2.2	−2.9
Burkina Faso		−13.3	−13.5	−12.3	−12.2	−11.8
Burundi		−11.4	−16.1	−18.6	−23.7	−27.9
Cameroon		−2.8	−2.1	−7.5	−4.0	−3.8
Cape Verde		−17.8	−14.4	−17.3	−17.3	−16.0
Central African Republic		−6.8	−6.2	−4.1	−3.9	−4.6
Chad		−20.3	−37.2	−53.6	−40.9	−17.4
Comoros		−10.5	1.1	−0.5	−3.0	−3.3
Congo, Rep. of		−9.5	−3.4	−0.5	−0.9	−1.7
Congo, Dem. Rep. of		−8.7	−10.6	−11.0	−10.8	−14.9
Côte d’Ivoire		−2.2	−1.4	5.9	4.8	2.0
Equatorial Guinea		−43.3	−32.1	−6.7	0.2	16.0
Ethiopia		−8.6	−9.7	−12.9	−12.8	−14.0
Gabon		−3.0	0.3	0.6	−1.3	−6.0
Gambia, The		−10.5	−10.8	−12.7	−13.7	−11.5
Ghana		−12.2	−10.3	−3.1	−5.5	−5.1
Guinea		−7.8	−5.2	−7.8	−5.8	−6.3
Guinea-Bissau		−26.4	−37.2	−23.8	−22.4	−27.3
Kenya		−3.9	−4.3	0.0	−2.7	−8.1
Lesotho		−38.8	−29.9	−34.6	−27.0	−30.2
Madagascar		−6.1	−2.0	−6.1	−7.5	−7.6
Malawi		−13.7	−12.7	−19.3	−17.0	−16.4
Mali		−10.4	−12.6	−5.9	−9.7	−7.0
Mauritius		−0.6	3.2	5.0	4.5	3.4
Mozambique		−24.3	−28.1	−23.3	−25.1	−17.7
Namibia		−8.0	−8.4	−7.5	−8.9	−8.2
Niger		−8.8	−7.7	−10.1	−10.4	−9.5
Nigeria		1.2	2.4	−6.0	0.1	1.3
Rwanda		−16.8	−15.9	−16.5	−20.9	−21.7
São Tomé and Príncipe		−59.9	−60.4	−47.3	−49.5	−67.3
Senegal		−7.3	−6.4	−7.1	−8.4	−7.3
Seychelles		−17.6	−25.0	−18.2	−4.5	−0.6
Sierra Leone		−11.5	−19.2	−25.6	−30.6	−32.5
South Africa		−0.3	0.4	0.8	−0.8	−1.4
Swaziland		−12.6	−12.8	−6.3	−7.5	−7.7
Tanzania		−12.3	−9.7	−8.5	−7.6	−11.5
Togo		−14.5	−14.7	−12.1	−9.4	−9.4
Uganda		−11.3	−12.3	−13.5	−13.0	−13.7
Zambia		−16.7	−20.8	−18.0	−15.3	−13.9
Zimbabwe		−3.9	−3.7	−2.4	−5.0	−9.8
Sub-Saharan Africa		−3.8	−3.5	−4.0	−3.5	−3.8
	Oil producing countries	−3.0	−2.5	−6.8	−2.6	−1.1
	Non-oil producing countries	−4.1	−3.9	−3.1	−3.8	−4.7

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 17.

External Current Account, Excluding Grants, 1997-2004

(In percent of GDP)

		1997-2001	2001	2002	2003	2004
Angola		−16.1	−16.1	−6.5	−7.0	−5.3
Benin		−9.8	−10.2	−11.1	−10.1	−9.3
Botswana		5.2	3.7	2.8	−2.2	−2.9
Burkina Faso		−13.3	−13.5	−12.3	−12.2	−11.8
Burundi		−11.4	−16.1	−18.6	−23.7	−27.9
Cameroon		−2.8	−2.1	−7.5	−4.0	−3.8
Cape Verde		−17.8	−14.4	−17.3	−17.3	−16.0
Central African Republic		−6.8	−6.2	−4.1	−3.9	−4.6
Chad		−20.3	−37.2	−53.6	−40.9	−17.4
Comoros		−10.5	1.1	−0.5	−3.0	−3.3
Congo, Rep. of		−9.5	−3.4	−0.5	−0.9	−1.7
Congo, Dem. Rep. of		−8.7	−10.6	−11.0	−10.8	−14.9
Côte d’Ivoire		−2.2	−1.4	5.9	4.8	2.0
Equatorial Guinea		−43.3	−32.1	−6.7	0.2	16.0
Ethiopia		−8.6	−9.7	−12.9	−12.8	−14.0
Gabon		−3.0	0.3	0.6	−1.3	−6.0
Gambia, The		−10.5	−10.8	−12.7	−13.7	−11.5
Ghana		−12.2	−10.3	−3.1	−5.5	−5.1
Guinea		−7.8	−5.2	−7.8	−5.8	−6.3
Guinea-Bissau		−26.4	−37.2	−23.8	−22.4	−27.3
Kenya		−3.9	−4.3	0.0	−2.7	−8.1
Lesotho		−38.8	−29.9	−34.6	−27.0	−30.2
Madagascar		−6.1	−2.0	−6.1	−7.5	−7.6
Malawi		−13.7	−12.7	−19.3	−17.0	−16.4
Mali		−10.4	−12.6	−5.9	−9.7	−7.0
Mauritius		−0.6	3.2	5.0	4.5	3.4
Mozambique		−24.3	−28.1	−23.3	−25.1	−17.7
Namibia		−8.0	−8.4	−7.5	−8.9	−8.2
Niger		−8.8	−7.7	−10.1	−10.4	−9.5
Nigeria		1.2	2.4	−6.0	0.1	1.3
Rwanda		−16.8	−15.9	−16.5	−20.9	−21.7
São Tomé and Príncipe		−59.9	−60.4	−47.3	−49.5	−67.3
Senegal		−7.3	−6.4	−7.1	−8.4	−7.3
Seychelles		−17.6	−25.0	−18.2	−4.5	−0.6
Sierra Leone		−11.5	−19.2	−25.6	−30.6	−32.5
South Africa		−0.3	0.4	0.8	−0.8	−1.4
Swaziland		−12.6	−12.8	−6.3	−7.5	−7.7
Tanzania		−12.3	−9.7	−8.5	−7.6	−11.5
Togo		−14.5	−14.7	−12.1	−9.4	−9.4
Uganda		−11.3	−12.3	−13.5	−13.0	−13.7
Zambia		−16.7	−20.8	−18.0	−15.3	−13.9
Zimbabwe		−3.9	−3.7	−2.4	−5.0	−9.8
Sub-Saharan Africa		−3.8	−3.5	−4.0	−3.5	−3.8
	Oil producing countries	−3.0	−2.5	−6.8	−2.6	−1.1
	Non-oil producing countries	−4.1	−3.9	−3.1	−3.8	−4.7

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 18.

Official Grants, 1997-2004

(In percent of GDP)

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 18.

Official Grants, 1997-2004

(In percent of GDP)

		1997-2001	2001	2002	2003	2004
Angola		1.2	1.0	0.8	0.9	0.8
Benin		2.7	3.5	2.2	2.1	1.9
Botswana		4.3	3.9	4.5	5.8	6.5
Burkina Faso		3.0	3.2	2.5	4.1	2.5
Burundi		4.8	9.3	12.1	17.6	16.8
Cameroon		0.1	0.4	0.3	0.9	0.6
Cape Verde		7.5	3.7	5.5	7.0	5.5
Central African Republic		3.2	1.4	1.2	0.3	1.7
Chad		2.8	2.0	1.8	0.8	0.8
Comoros		1.7	0.7	1.6	1.9	1.9
Congo, Rep. of		0.3	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Congo, Dem. Rep. of		3.8	5.7	8.4	8.8	8.9
Côte d’Ivoire		0.5	0.5	0.3	0.1	0.4
Equatorial Guinea		0.2	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia		4.3	6.1	7.2	8.1	6.1
Gabon		0.0	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.2
Gambia, The		7.4	7.3	10.5	8.6	10.8
Ghana		3.2	5.0	3.6	5.1	4.0
Guinea		1.3	2.8	1.4	1.1	0.8
Guinea-Bissau		11.9	12.3	11.5	12.7	9.8
Kenya		0.2	0.2	0.0	0.4	0.0
Lesotho		16.7	16.6	17.1	15.2	15.2
Madagascar		1.0	0.7	0.2	2.5	2.2
Malawi		7.1	5.8	12.3	6.8	8.5
Mali		1.9	2.2	1.6	2.8	0.8
Mauritius		0.1	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.1
Mozambique		6.5	6.2	5.5	6.1	4.6
Namibia		11.7	11.0	9.7	12.9	12.4
Niger		2.5	3.0	2.9	1.7	1.7
Nigeria		−0.1	−0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwanda		9.2	10.0	9.8	11.3	14.3
São Tomé and Príncipe		18.4	8.8	4.3	6.3	4.9
Senegal		2.3	1.5	1.4	1.8	1.5
Seychelles		2.0	1.5	1.8	1.6	1.3
Sierra Leone		6.0	10.3	15.5	15.9	15.5
South Africa		−0.6	−0.6	−0.5	−0.4	−0.3
Swaziland		8.9	8.5	2.4	2.8	2.8
Tanzania		5.0	4.7	4.5	5.1	5.5
Togo		2.7	1.5	1.2	1.1	1.2
Uganda		5.9	6.9	7.1	7.0	9.7
Zambia		1.8	0.9	2.6	1.5	0.9
Zimbabwe		1.0	0.4	0.2	0.5	0.9
Sub-Saharan Africa		1.0	1.1	1.2	1.2	1.2
	Oil producing countries	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.2
	Non-oil producing countries	1.2	1.4	1.5	1.5	1.5

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 18.

Official Grants, 1997-2004

(In percent of GDP)

		1997-2001	2001	2002	2003	2004
Angola		1.2	1.0	0.8	0.9	0.8
Benin		2.7	3.5	2.2	2.1	1.9
Botswana		4.3	3.9	4.5	5.8	6.5
Burkina Faso		3.0	3.2	2.5	4.1	2.5
Burundi		4.8	9.3	12.1	17.6	16.8
Cameroon		0.1	0.4	0.3	0.9	0.6
Cape Verde		7.5	3.7	5.5	7.0	5.5
Central African Republic		3.2	1.4	1.2	0.3	1.7
Chad		2.8	2.0	1.8	0.8	0.8
Comoros		1.7	0.7	1.6	1.9	1.9
Congo, Rep. of		0.3	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Congo, Dem. Rep. of		3.8	5.7	8.4	8.8	8.9
Côte d’Ivoire		0.5	0.5	0.3	0.1	0.4
Equatorial Guinea		0.2	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia		4.3	6.1	7.2	8.1	6.1
Gabon		0.0	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.2
Gambia, The		7.4	7.3	10.5	8.6	10.8
Ghana		3.2	5.0	3.6	5.1	4.0
Guinea		1.3	2.8	1.4	1.1	0.8
Guinea-Bissau		11.9	12.3	11.5	12.7	9.8
Kenya		0.2	0.2	0.0	0.4	0.0
Lesotho		16.7	16.6	17.1	15.2	15.2
Madagascar		1.0	0.7	0.2	2.5	2.2
Malawi		7.1	5.8	12.3	6.8	8.5
Mali		1.9	2.2	1.6	2.8	0.8
Mauritius		0.1	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.1
Mozambique		6.5	6.2	5.5	6.1	4.6
Namibia		11.7	11.0	9.7	12.9	12.4
Niger		2.5	3.0	2.9	1.7	1.7
Nigeria		−0.1	−0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwanda		9.2	10.0	9.8	11.3	14.3
São Tomé and Príncipe		18.4	8.8	4.3	6.3	4.9
Senegal		2.3	1.5	1.4	1.8	1.5
Seychelles		2.0	1.5	1.8	1.6	1.3
Sierra Leone		6.0	10.3	15.5	15.9	15.5
South Africa		−0.6	−0.6	−0.5	−0.4	−0.3
Swaziland		8.9	8.5	2.4	2.8	2.8
Tanzania		5.0	4.7	4.5	5.1	5.5
Togo		2.7	1.5	1.2	1.1	1.2
Uganda		5.9	6.9	7.1	7.0	9.7
Zambia		1.8	0.9	2.6	1.5	0.9
Zimbabwe		1.0	0.4	0.2	0.5	0.9
Sub-Saharan Africa		1.0	1.1	1.2	1.2	1.2
	Oil producing countries	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.2
	Non-oil producing countries	1.2	1.4	1.5	1.5	1.5

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 19.

Total External Debt, 1997-2004

(In billions U.S. dollars)

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 19.

Total External Debt, 1997-2004

(In billions U.S. dollars)

		1997-2001	2001	2002	2003	2004
Angola		10.1	9.6	9.3	9.6	9.6
Benin		1.7	1.8	1.9	2.0	2.0
Botswana		1.1	1.2	1.3	1.3	1.4
Burkina Faso		1.5	1.4	1.7	1.8	1.8
Burundi		1.1	1.1	1.1	1.2	1.2
Cameroon		7.9	7.0	5.5	6.1	6.2
Cape Verde		0.4	0.5	0.6	0.6	0.7
Central African Republic		0.9	0.9	1.0	1.2	1.5
Chad		1.0	0.9	0.9	0.9	1.0
Comoros		0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Congo, Rep. of		5.3	5.4	6.3	6.7	6.2
Congo, Dem. Rep. of		13.1	13.3	10.7	10.0	10.6
Côte d’Ivoire		11.6	10.6	9.1	11.2	12.7
Equatorial Guinea		0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
Ethiopia		5.3	5.6	6.2	6.6	7.0
Gabon		3.5	3.1	3.3	3.8	2.8
Gambia, The		0.5	0.5	0.6	0.6	0.6
Ghana		6.3	6.8	6.5	6.5	6.4
Guinea		3.3	3.2	3.1	2.9	2.8
Guinea-Bissau		0.8	0.8	0.8	0.9	0.9
Kenya		5.4	4.7	5.2	5.3	5.6
Lesotho		0.6	0.5	0.6	0.6	0.6
Madagascar		4.5	4.5	4.5	4.6	4.7
Malawi		2.6	2.8	2.8	2.9	1.8
Mali		2.7	2.2	1.9	2.4	2.9
Mauritius		1.1	1.0	1.0	1.1	1.1
Mozambique		5.4	4.5	5.1	5.5	5.8
Namibia		0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1
Niger		1.7	1.8	1.8	1.6	1.7
Nigeria		29.2	29.7	29.8	29.3	29.0
Rwanda		1.2	1.3	1.4	1.5	1.5
São Tomé and Príncipe		0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
Senegal		3.3	3.0	3.3	4.0	4.5
Seychelles		0.3	0.5	0.6	0.6	0.6
Sierra Leone		1.2	1.2	1.2	1.1	1.0
South Africa		36.6	30.8	32.7	33.3	31.6
Swaziland		0.3	0.3	0.4	0.5	0.5
Tanzania		7.4	7.0	5.5	6.1	6.2
Togo		1.4	1.5	1.7	2.0	2.0
Uganda		3.5	3.4	3.6	4.2	4.2
Zambia		6.2	5.6	5.1	4.7	4.2
Zimbabwe		4.8	5.0	5.4	5.7	6.0
Sub-Saharan Africa		195.6	185.8	184.1	191.3	191.9
	Oil producing countries	57.2	56.0	55.4	56.6	55.1
	Non-oil producing countries	138.4	129.8	128.8	134.7	136.8

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 19.

Total External Debt, 1997-2004

(In billions U.S. dollars)

		1997-2001	2001	2002	2003	2004
Angola		10.1	9.6	9.3	9.6	9.6
Benin		1.7	1.8	1.9	2.0	2.0
Botswana		1.1	1.2	1.3	1.3	1.4
Burkina Faso		1.5	1.4	1.7	1.8	1.8
Burundi		1.1	1.1	1.1	1.2	1.2
Cameroon		7.9	7.0	5.5	6.1	6.2
Cape Verde		0.4	0.5	0.6	0.6	0.7
Central African Republic		0.9	0.9	1.0	1.2	1.5
Chad		1.0	0.9	0.9	0.9	1.0
Comoros		0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Congo, Rep. of		5.3	5.4	6.3	6.7	6.2
Congo, Dem. Rep. of		13.1	13.3	10.7	10.0	10.6
Côte d’Ivoire		11.6	10.6	9.1	11.2	12.7
Equatorial Guinea		0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
Ethiopia		5.3	5.6	6.2	6.6	7.0
Gabon		3.5	3.1	3.3	3.8	2.8
Gambia, The		0.5	0.5	0.6	0.6	0.6
Ghana		6.3	6.8	6.5	6.5	6.4
Guinea		3.3	3.2	3.1	2.9	2.8
Guinea-Bissau		0.8	0.8	0.8	0.9	0.9
Kenya		5.4	4.7	5.2	5.3	5.6
Lesotho		0.6	0.5	0.6	0.6	0.6
Madagascar		4.5	4.5	4.5	4.6	4.7
Malawi		2.6	2.8	2.8	2.9	1.8
Mali		2.7	2.2	1.9	2.4	2.9
Mauritius		1.1	1.0	1.0	1.1	1.1
Mozambique		5.4	4.5	5.1	5.5	5.8
Namibia		0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1
Niger		1.7	1.8	1.8	1.6	1.7
Nigeria		29.2	29.7	29.8	29.3	29.0
Rwanda		1.2	1.3	1.4	1.5	1.5
São Tomé and Príncipe		0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
Senegal		3.3	3.0	3.3	4.0	4.5
Seychelles		0.3	0.5	0.6	0.6	0.6
Sierra Leone		1.2	1.2	1.2	1.1	1.0
South Africa		36.6	30.8	32.7	33.3	31.6
Swaziland		0.3	0.3	0.4	0.5	0.5
Tanzania		7.4	7.0	5.5	6.1	6.2
Togo		1.4	1.5	1.7	2.0	2.0
Uganda		3.5	3.4	3.6	4.2	4.2
Zambia		6.2	5.6	5.1	4.7	4.2
Zimbabwe		4.8	5.0	5.4	5.7	6.0
Sub-Saharan Africa		195.6	185.8	184.1	191.3	191.9
	Oil producing countries	57.2	56.0	55.4	56.6	55.1
	Non-oil producing countries	138.4	129.8	128.8	134.7	136.8

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 20.

External Public Debt, 1997-2004

(In percent of GDP)

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 20.

External Public Debt, 1997-2004

(In percent of GDP)

		1997-2001	2001	2002	2003	2004
Angola		67.8	59.3	45.7	44.0	38.7
Benin		72.5	75.5	69.3	55.8	46.3
Botswana		9.7	9.9	10.1	8.9	8.7
Burkina Faso		51.8	49.6	52.2	42.4	36.2
Burundi		139.6	162.9	181.6	203.2	181.8
Cameroon		72.8	66.8	54.6	48.4	40.9
Cape Verde		52.6	60.1	58.8	48.9	44.2
Central African Republic		82.1	88.2	92.4	95.0	100.5
Chad		58.0	54.1	46.1	35.5	23.1
Comoros		100.6	103.6	92.6	78.1	76.3
Congo, Rep. of		186.3	152.2	165.9	151.8	133.4
Congo, Dem. Rep. of		261.8	252.4	192.4	178.4	173.2
Côte d’Ivoire		72.1	79.7	61.9	64.2	56.9
Equatorial Guinea		35.5	16.4	13.0	9.3	7.7
Ethiopia		82.3	84.9	100.6	97.4	94.0
Gabon		71.2	63.9	65.5	61.0	42.2
Gambia, The		107.8	113.4	138.4	141.3	144.5
Ghana		91.5	116.1	95.6	77.5	67.5
Guinea		97.3	105.8	96.4	81.7	78.6
Guinea-Bissau		382.2	408.4	410.7	360.9	360.3
Kenya		44.6	40.6	37.6	34.0	36.3
Lesotho		62.7	65.1	66.2	46.5	42.4
Madagascar		114.9	98.4	99.1	84.0	80.6
Malawi		138.0	162.1	145.8	163.1	104.3
Mali		95.7	71.3	58.4	55.2	56.6
Mauritius		12.9	10.4	10.7	9.6	8.6
Mozambique		70.1	52.4	53.3	47.6	44.6
Namibia		2.2	2.6	3.2	3.3	3.3
Niger		85.7	91.6	80.7	57.5	51.2
Nigeria		65.2	56.5	55.2	47.8	43.9
Rwanda		67.3	78.4	81.4	87.5	86.6
São Tomé and Príncipe		625.5	546.0	492.4	461.1	418.6
Senegal		72.6	65.9	65.4	61.2	57.5
Seychelles		21.1	27.7	39.7	38.3	39.6
Sierra Leone		153.5	144.7	132.3	123.8	114.0
South Africa		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swaziland		17.5	18.3	24.9	20.7	20.8
Tanzania		83.6	68.2	53.6	59.0	55.6
Togo		94.7	109.4	112.2	109.2	90.7
Uganda		57.4	59.7	62.3	68.0	66.0
Zambia		181.6	152.7	135.5	109.9	95.2
Zimbabwe		44.9	36.5	18.7	51.7	108.0
Sub-Saharan Africa		43.6	44.0	41.3	34.9	32.3
	Oil producing countries	70.7	61.0	57.2	50.4	43.6
	Non-oil producing countries	36.6	38.4	35.8	29.8	28.4

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

Table 20.

External Public Debt, 1997-2004

(In percent of GDP)

		1997-2001	2001	2002	2003	2004
Angola		67.8	59.3	45.7	44.0	38.7
Benin		72.5	75.5	69.3	55.8	46.3
Botswana		9.7	9.9	10.1	8.9	8.7
Burkina Faso		51.8	49.6	52.2	42.4	36.2
Burundi		139.6	162.9	181.6	203.2	181.8
Cameroon		72.8	66.8	54.6	48.4	40.9
Cape Verde		52.6	60.1	58.8	48.9	44.2
Central African Republic		82.1	88.2	92.4	95.0	100.5
Chad		58.0	54.1	46.1	35.5	23.1
Comoros		100.6	103.6	92.6	78.1	76.3
Congo, Rep. of		186.3	152.2	165.9	151.8	133.4
Congo, Dem. Rep. of		261.8	252.4	192.4	178.4	173.2
Côte d’Ivoire		72.1	79.7	61.9	64.2	56.9
Equatorial Guinea		35.5	16.4	13.0	9.3	7.7
Ethiopia		82.3	84.9	100.6	97.4	94.0
Gabon		71.2	63.9	65.5	61.0	42.2
Gambia, The		107.8	113.4	138.4	141.3	144.5
Ghana		91.5	116.1	95.6	77.5	67.5
Guinea		97.3	105.8	96.4	81.7	78.6
Guinea-Bissau		382.2	408.4	410.7	360.9	360.3
Kenya		44.6	40.6	37.6	34.0	36.3
Lesotho		62.7	65.1	66.2	46.5	42.4
Madagascar		114.9	98.4	99.1	84.0	80.6
Malawi		138.0	162.1	145.8	163.1	104.3
Mali		95.7	71.3	58.4	55.2	56.6
Mauritius		12.9	10.4	10.7	9.6	8.6
Mozambique		70.1	52.4	53.3	47.6	44.6
Namibia		2.2	2.6	3.2	3.3	3.3
Niger		85.7	91.6	80.7	57.5	51.2
Nigeria		65.2	56.5	55.2	47.8	43.9
Rwanda		67.3	78.4	81.4	87.5	86.6
São Tomé and Príncipe		625.5	546.0	492.4	461.1	418.6
Senegal		72.6	65.9	65.4	61.2	57.5
Seychelles		21.1	27.7	39.7	38.3	39.6
Sierra Leone		153.5	144.7	132.3	123.8	114.0
South Africa		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swaziland		17.5	18.3	24.9	20.7	20.8
Tanzania		83.6	68.2	53.6	59.0	55.6
Togo		94.7	109.4	112.2	109.2	90.7
Uganda		57.4	59.7	62.3	68.0	66.0
Zambia		181.6	152.7	135.5	109.9	95.2
Zimbabwe		44.9	36.5	18.7	51.7	108.0
Sub-Saharan Africa		43.6	44.0	41.3	34.9	32.3
	Oil producing countries	70.7	61.0	57.2	50.4	43.6
	Non-oil producing countries	36.6	38.4	35.8	29.8	28.4

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

The main source of data for the Regional Economic Outlook is the African Department WEO/WETA data base as of February 10, 2004. The data base excludes Eritrea and Liberia, for which comprehensive data are not available.

For the purpose of the Regional Economic Outlook, the term Sub-Saharan Africa refers to the 44 countries covered by the IMF’s African Department, It excludes Mauritania, Djibouti, Somalia and Sudan, which are covered by the IMF’s Middle East and Central Asia Department.

The oil economies are Angola, Cameroon, Chad, Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, and Nigeria. São Tomé and Principe does not yet produce oil, but oil-related revenues are being generated from the sale of exploration and development concessions.

The six countries to have reached the completion point under the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) Initiative are Benin, Burkina Faso, Mali, Mozambique, Tanzania, and Uganda.

Some programs expired during the year, and others were approved. Twenty-one SSA countries had programs at the beginning of 2003 and 22 had programs at the end.

Chad’s program formally expired on January 4, 2004 after a one-month extension. It expired without completion of the final review.

Mali reached its completion point under the original HIPC Initiative in September 2000.

The Fund Board approved the Burundi government’s request for a three-year arrangement under the PRGF on January 23, 2004.

Seychelles and Mauritius are ranked 36 and 62, respectively. The next-highestranked SSA country is Cape Verde, at 103. The components of the HDI are life expectancy, adult literacy, school enrollment, and per capita income.

UNAIDS/WHO, Aids Epidemic Update, December 2003.

This figure is lower than the one reported in the previous SSA Regional Outlook. This is due primarily to the downward revision in the incidence of HIV in Zimbabwe.

For the purposes of this report, seven countries are defined as conflict cases: Burundi, the C.A.R., the Republic of Congo, the DRC, Côte d’Ivoire, Madagascar, and Sierra Leone. A country is classified as being in conflict if there has been sustained fighting during the past three years.

Liquidity conditions are considered to tighten when the difference between the growth rates of nominal broad money and real GDP declines. This measure does not account for shifts in money velocity, which may decline in periods of rapid disinflation (as in the DRC) or in the aftermath of conflict (as in the C.A.R.).

While Seychelles and Zimbabwe have de jure fixed exchange rates regimes, both have large parallel foreign exchange markets with large premia. Inflation in Seychelles has been suppressed through the use of price controls.

Not all countries have fiscal deficits. An increase in a fiscal balance refers to either an increase in the fiscal surplus or a reduction in the size of the fiscal deficit.

As a result, domestic interest payments in Zimbabwe fell from 16.5 percent of GDP in 2000 to 1.9 percent in 2003.

Net official flows include official transfers, net disbursements from multilateral and bilateral creditors, debt relief (forgiveness and rescheduling), and the net accumulation of external arrears.

Total Fund credit outstanding increased for 11 countries and declined for 20.

FDI is expected to have amounted to only 1 percent of GDP for all non-oil-exporting countries.

Current-year external debt as a ratio to average exports of goods and services during the current and previous two years.

The ratio has fallen in all but one of the last nine years.

Monetary conditions are projected to be tighter than at any time since 1980.

Including official transfers and debt relief, but excluding potential debt reschedulings.

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Regional Economic Outlook April 2004: Sub-Saharan Africa

Author:

International Monetary Fund. African Dept.

ISBN:: 9781451951707

ISSN:: 2071-4165

Publication Date:: 23 Jan 2006

Publisher:: International Monetary Fund

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.5089/9781451951707.086

Pages:: 61

Front Matter

Back Matter

Table 20.

External Public Debt, 1997-2004

(In percent of GDP)

		1997-2001	2001	2002	2003	2004
Angola		67.8	59.3	45.7	44.0	38.7
Benin		72.5	75.5	69.3	55.8	46.3
Botswana		9.7	9.9	10.1	8.9	8.7
Burkina Faso		51.8	49.6	52.2	42.4	36.2
Burundi		139.6	162.9	181.6	203.2	181.8
Cameroon		72.8	66.8	54.6	48.4	40.9
Cape Verde		52.6	60.1	58.8	48.9	44.2
Central African Republic		82.1	88.2	92.4	95.0	100.5
Chad		58.0	54.1	46.1	35.5	23.1
Comoros		100.6	103.6	92.6	78.1	76.3
Congo, Rep. of		186.3	152.2	165.9	151.8	133.4
Congo, Dem. Rep. of		261.8	252.4	192.4	178.4	173.2
Côte d’Ivoire		72.1	79.7	61.9	64.2	56.9
Equatorial Guinea		35.5	16.4	13.0	9.3	7.7
Ethiopia		82.3	84.9	100.6	97.4	94.0
Gabon		71.2	63.9	65.5	61.0	42.2
Gambia, The		107.8	113.4	138.4	141.3	144.5
Ghana		91.5	116.1	95.6	77.5	67.5
Guinea		97.3	105.8	96.4	81.7	78.6
Guinea-Bissau		382.2	408.4	410.7	360.9	360.3
Kenya		44.6	40.6	37.6	34.0	36.3
Lesotho		62.7	65.1	66.2	46.5	42.4
Madagascar		114.9	98.4	99.1	84.0	80.6
Malawi		138.0	162.1	145.8	163.1	104.3
Mali		95.7	71.3	58.4	55.2	56.6
Mauritius		12.9	10.4	10.7	9.6	8.6
Mozambique		70.1	52.4	53.3	47.6	44.6
Namibia		2.2	2.6	3.2	3.3	3.3
Niger		85.7	91.6	80.7	57.5	51.2
Nigeria		65.2	56.5	55.2	47.8	43.9
Rwanda		67.3	78.4	81.4	87.5	86.6
São Tomé and Príncipe		625.5	546.0	492.4	461.1	418.6
Senegal		72.6	65.9	65.4	61.2	57.5
Seychelles		21.1	27.7	39.7	38.3	39.6
Sierra Leone		153.5	144.7	132.3	123.8	114.0
South Africa		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swaziland		17.5	18.3	24.9	20.7	20.8
Tanzania		83.6	68.2	53.6	59.0	55.6
Togo		94.7	109.4	112.2	109.2	90.7
Uganda		57.4	59.7	62.3	68.0	66.0
Zambia		181.6	152.7	135.5	109.9	95.2
Zimbabwe		44.9	36.5	18.7	51.7	108.0
Sub-Saharan Africa		43.6	44.0	41.3	34.9	32.3
	Oil producing countries	70.7	61.0	57.2	50.4	43.6
	Non-oil producing countries	36.6	38.4	35.8	29.8	28.4

Sources: IMF, African Department database, February 2004; and WEO database, February 2004.

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