Volume/Issue: 2021/008
Series: Policy Papers
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. Finance Dept.;International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, & Review Department
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
05
March
2021
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781513571256.007
ISBN: 9781513571256
This paper is part of the workplan on the 15th General Review of Quotas (15th Review). The paper provides a two-pillar framework for assessing the adequacy of Fund resources, building on the staff paper discussed b...
Volume/Issue: 2021/008
Series: Policy Papers
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. Finance Dept.;International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, & Review Department
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
05
March
2021
ISBN: 9781513571256
This paper is part of the workplan on the 15th General Review of Quotas (15th Review). The paper provides a two-pillar framework for assessing the adequacy of Fund resources, building on the staff paper discussed b...
Volume/Issue: 2021/006
Series: Policy Papers
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. Finance Dept.;International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, & Review Department
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
05
March
2021
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781513571171.007
ISBN: 9781513571171
This paper provides background for initial considerations on the appropriate size of the Fund's overall lending capacity over the medium term. The paper reviews developments in the demand for Fund resources during...
Volume/Issue: 2021/006
Series: Policy Papers
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. Finance Dept.;International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, & Review Department
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
05
March
2021
ISBN: 9781513571171
This paper provides background for initial considerations on the appropriate size of the Fund's overall lending capacity over the medium term. The paper reviews developments in the demand for Fund resources during...
Volume/Issue: 2021/010
Series: Policy Papers
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. Finance Dept.;International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, & Review Department;International Monetary Fund. Statistics Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
05
March
2021
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781513571317.007
ISBN: 9781513571317
This paper provides background for a further round of discussions on the Fifteenth
General Review of Quotas (hereafter 15th Review). The paper builds on work presented
in previous staff papers and Directors' views...
Volume/Issue: 2021/010
Series: Policy Papers
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. Finance Dept.;International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, & Review Department;International Monetary Fund. Statistics Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
05
March
2021
ISBN: 9781513571317
This paper provides background for a further round of discussions on the Fifteenth
General Review of Quotas (hereafter 15th Review). The paper builds on work presented
in previous staff papers and Directors' views...
Volume/Issue: 2021/009
Series: Policy Papers
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. Finance Dept.;International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, & Review Department
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
05
March
2021
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781513571287.007
ISBN: 9781513571287
The paper revisits the two-pillar framework for assessing the adequacy of Fund resources. Responding to Directors suggestions, the quantitative pillar is updated to include alternative assumptions and to provide a...
Volume/Issue: 2021/009
Series: Policy Papers
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. Finance Dept.;International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, & Review Department
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
05
March
2021
ISBN: 9781513571287
The paper revisits the two-pillar framework for assessing the adequacy of Fund resources. Responding to Directors suggestions, the quantitative pillar is updated to include alternative assumptions and to provide a...
Volume/Issue: 2021/007
Series: Policy Papers
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. Finance Dept.;International Monetary Fund. Statistics Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
05
March
2021
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781513571201.007
ISBN: 9781513571201
This paper provides background for an initial discussion under the Fifteenth General Review of Quotas (15th Review) in line with the work plan agreed by the Executive Board. It discusses issues related to further r...
Volume/Issue: 2021/007
Series: Policy Papers
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. Finance Dept.;International Monetary Fund. Statistics Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
05
March
2021
ISBN: 9781513571201
This paper provides background for an initial discussion under the Fifteenth General Review of Quotas (15th Review) in line with the work plan agreed by the Executive Board. It discusses issues related to further r...
Volume/Issue: 2021/014
Series: Policy Papers
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
05
March
2021
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781513560113.007
ISBN: 9781513560113
Following the guidance on the Board of Governors Resolution No. 72-1 (December 2016), on April 3, 2019, the Executive Board discussed and adopted its third semi-annual report on progress on the Fifteenth Review. Th...
Volume/Issue: 2021/014
Series: Policy Papers
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
05
March
2021
ISBN: 9781513560113
Following the guidance on the Board of Governors Resolution No. 72-1 (December 2016), on April 3, 2019, the Executive Board discussed and adopted its third semi-annual report on progress on the Fifteenth Review. Th...
Volume/Issue: 2021/011
Series: Policy Papers
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
05
March
2021
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781513559940.007
ISBN: 9781513559940
Following the guidance on the Board of Governors Resolution No. 72-1 (December 2016), on October 4, 2017, the Executive Board discussed and adopted its first semi-annual report on progress on the Fifteenth Review....
Volume/Issue: 2021/011
Series: Policy Papers
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
05
March
2021
ISBN: 9781513559940
Following the guidance on the Board of Governors Resolution No. 72-1 (December 2016), on October 4, 2017, the Executive Board discussed and adopted its first semi-annual report on progress on the Fifteenth Review....
Series: Books
Author(s):
Ruud A. Mooij
,
Alexander Klemm
, and
Victoria Perry
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
26
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513511771
Introduction
The complex interaction—and possible overlap—between different tax jurisdictions justifies coordination efforts to avoid double taxation, which can harm international tr...
Series: Books
Author(s):
Ruud A. Mooij
,
Alexander Klemm
, and
Victoria Perry
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
26
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513511771
Introduction
Country-specific origin-based profit taxes are marked by profit shifting and tax competition (see Chapter 6). Incentives for profit shifting can be mitigated, but not el...
Series: Books
Author(s):
Ruud A. Mooij
,
Alexander Klemm
, and
Victoria Perry
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
26
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513511771
Introduction
At the heart of the current international tax architecture, which grants primary taxing rights to source countries, is the need to determine how much profit each country...
Series: Books
Author(s):
Ruud A. Mooij
,
Alexander Klemm
, and
Victoria Perry
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
26
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513511771
Introduction
The current international tax system, which is based on separate accounting for corporate affiliates trading at arm’s length prices, is increasingly viewed as prone to a...
Series: Books
Author(s):
Ruud A. Mooij
,
Alexander Klemm
, and
Victoria Perry
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
26
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513511771
How did the rise of multinational enterprises put pressure on the prevailing international corporate tax framework? Multinational enterprises, and firms with market power, are not new phenomena, nor is the c...
Series: Books
Author(s):
Ruud A. Mooij
,
Alexander Klemm
, and
Victoria Perry
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
26
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513511771
Introduction
Countries compete over productive capital and paper profits. Taxation has been one important element in the set of policy instruments regarding competition....
Series: Books
Author(s):
Ruud A. Mooij
,
Alexander Klemm
, and
Victoria Perry
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
26
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513511771
In recent years, newspaper headlines have featured terms such as “digital service taxes,” “paradise papers,” and “tax wars,” all referring to various issues in international taxation. These and related topic...
Series: Books
Author(s):
Ruud A. Mooij
,
Alexander Klemm
, and
Victoria Perry
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
26
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513511771
Introduction
As discussed in previous chapters, source-based taxation faces many difficulties: it is increasingly difficult—conceptually and practically—to allocate profits to where...
Series: Books
Author(s):
Ruud A. Mooij
,
Alexander Klemm
, and
Victoria Perry
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
26
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513511771
Introduction
The world is in a state of fairly deep confusion regarding whether the international tax system is to be moved toward or away from residence-based corporate taxation. Ch...
Series: Books
Author(s):
Ruud A. Mooij
,
Alexander Klemm
, and
Victoria Perry
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
26
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513511771
Introduction
Resource-rich countries can collect revenues from natural resources to support economic development and structural transformation, although often the revenue potential i...
Series: Books
Author(s):
Ruud A. Mooij
,
Alexander Klemm
, and
Victoria Perry
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
26
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513511771
Introduction
Source-based taxation lies at the heart of the current international tax architecture (see Chapter 3), and its importance has further risen with the abolition of worldwi...
Series: Books
Author(s):
Ruud A. Mooij
,
Alexander Klemm
, and
Victoria Perry
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
26
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513511771
Introduction
Technology is being harnessed to redefine traditional business models and provide new ways for buyers and sellers to interact both locally and globally. The result has b...
Series: Books
Author(s):
Ruud A. Mooij
,
Alexander Klemm
, and
Victoria Perry
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
26
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513511771
Introduction
When a business activity crosses national borders, the question arises as to where the profits resulting from that activity should be taxed. In principle, there are at l...
Series: Books
Author(s):
Ruud A. Mooij
,
Alexander Klemm
, and
Victoria Perry
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
26
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513511771
Introduction
This chapter brings a legal perspective to the pressures in the international corporate tax system that have been discussed in other chapters largely from an economic po...
Series: Books
Author(s):
Ruud A. Mooij
,
Alexander Klemm
, and
Victoria Perry
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
26
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513511771
Introduction
Multinational corporations can often reduce their global tax liabilities through profit-shifting activities (Chapter 5). Typical examples include transfer price manipula...
Series: Books
Author(s):
Ruud A. Mooij
,
Alexander Klemm
, and
Victoria Perry
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
26
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513511771
Introduction
The question whether countries should tax corporations on their income is an old one, yet it has never been more topical than it is today. Tax competition is driving dow...
Series: Books
Author(s):
Ruud A. Mooij
,
Alexander Klemm
, and
Victoria Perry
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
26
February
2021
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781513511771.071
ISBN: 9781513511771
The book describes the difficulties of the current international corporate income tax system. It starts by describing its origins and how changes, such as the development of multinational enterprises and digitaliza...
Series: Books
Author(s):
Ruud A. Mooij
,
Alexander Klemm
, and
Victoria Perry
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
26
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513511771
The book describes the difficulties of the current international corporate income tax system. It starts by describing its origins and how changes, such as the development of multinational enterprises and digitaliza...
Series: Books
Author(s):
Ruud A. Mooij
,
Alexander Klemm
, and
Victoria Perry
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
26
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513511771
The book describes the difficulties of the current international corporate income tax system. It starts by describing its origins and how changes, such as the development of multinational enterprises and digitaliza...
Volume/Issue: 2021/044
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
26
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513570600
The pandemic aggravated Tunisia's long-standing vulnerabilities stemming from persistent fiscal and external imbalances, rising debt, and contingent liabilities from inefficient state-owned enterprises. The crisis...
Volume/Issue: 2021/044
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
26
February
2021
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781513570600.002
ISBN: 9781513570600
The pandemic aggravated Tunisia's long-standing vulnerabilities stemming from persistent fiscal and external imbalances, rising debt, and contingent liabilities from inefficient state-owned enterprises. The crisis...
Series: Books
Author(s):
Ruud A. Mooij
,
Alexander Klemm
, and
Victoria Perry
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
26
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513511771
...
Series: Books
Author(s):
Ruud A. Mooij
,
Alexander Klemm
, and
Victoria Perry
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
26
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513511771
...
Series: Books
Author(s):
Ruud A. Mooij
,
Alexander Klemm
, and
Victoria Perry
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
26
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513511771
...
Volume/Issue: 2021/044
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
26
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513570600
The pandemic aggravated Tunisia's long-standing vulnerabilities stemming from persistent fiscal and external imbalances, rising debt, and contingent liabilities from inefficient state-owned enterprises. The crisis...
Volume/Issue: 2021/044
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
26
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513570600
The pandemic aggravated Tunisia's long-standing vulnerabilities stemming from persistent fiscal and external imbalances, rising debt, and contingent liabilities from inefficient state-owned enterprises. The crisis...
Volume/Issue: 2021/044
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
26
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513570600
The pandemic aggravated Tunisia's long-standing vulnerabilities stemming from persistent fiscal and external imbalances, rising debt, and contingent liabilities from inefficient state-owned enterprises. The crisis...
Volume/Issue: 2021/021
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
23
February
2021
Language: French
ISBN: 9781513570242
The economic shock associated with the COVID-19 pandemic is set to have long-lasting effects on the economic outlook for CEMAC. The pandemic itself seems to be now broadly under control in the region, and the polic...
Volume/Issue: 2021/021
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
23
February
2021
Language: French
ISBN: 9781513570242
The economic shock associated with the COVID-19 pandemic is set to have long-lasting effects on the economic outlook for CEMAC. The pandemic itself seems to be now broadly under control in the region, and the polic...
Volume/Issue: 2021/021
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
23
February
2021
Language: French
ISBN: 9781513570242
The economic shock associated with the COVID-19 pandemic is set to have long-lasting effects on the economic outlook for CEMAC. The pandemic itself seems to be now broadly under control in the region, and the polic...
Volume/Issue: 2021/021
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
23
February
2021
Language: French
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781513570242.002
ISBN: 9781513570242
The economic shock associated with the COVID-19 pandemic is set to have long-lasting effects on the economic outlook for CEMAC. The pandemic itself seems to be now broadly under control in the region, and the polic...
Volume/Issue: 2021/021
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
23
February
2021
Language: French
ISBN: 9781513570242
The economic shock associated with the COVID-19 pandemic is set to have long-lasting effects on the economic outlook for CEMAC. The pandemic itself seems to be now broadly under control in the region, and the polic...
Volume/Issue: 2021/005
Series: Policy Papers
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. Finance Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
18
February
2021
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781513569567.007
ISBN: 9781513569567
On October 30, 2020, the IMF's Executive Board reviewed the adequacy of the Fund's precautionary balances. Precautionary balances, comprising the Fund's general and special reserves and the Special Contingent Acco...
Volume/Issue: 2021/005
Series: Policy Papers
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. Finance Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
18
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513569567
On October 30, 2020, the IMF's Executive Board reviewed the adequacy of the Fund's precautionary balances. Precautionary balances, comprising the Fund's general and special reserves and the Special Contingent Acco...
Volume/Issue: 2021/041
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
17
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513569536
Kosovo has been hit hard by the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite policy support, economic activity is estimated to have fallen 6 percent in 2020 on account of the combined effect of strict domestic containment measures a...
Volume/Issue: 2021/041
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
17
February
2021
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781513569536.002
ISBN: 9781513569536
Kosovo has been hit hard by the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite policy support, economic activity is estimated to have fallen 6 percent in 2020 on account of the combined effect of strict domestic containment measures a...
Volume/Issue: 2021/041
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
17
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513569536
Kosovo has been hit hard by the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite policy support, economic activity is estimated to have fallen 6 percent in 2020 on account of the combined effect of strict domestic containment measures a...
Volume/Issue: 2021/041
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
17
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513569536
Kosovo has been hit hard by the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite policy support, economic activity is estimated to have fallen 6 percent in 2020 on account of the combined effect of strict domestic containment measures a...
Volume/Issue: 2021/041
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
17
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513569536
Kosovo has been hit hard by the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite policy support, economic activity is estimated to have fallen 6 percent in 2020 on account of the combined effect of strict domestic containment measures a...
Volume/Issue: 2021/030
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. Western Hemisphere Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
15
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513568294
While Panama has been the most dynamic economy in Latin America over the
last three decades (growing 6 percent on average), its strength is being tested by the
COVID-19 global pandemic. Panama is a service-based ec...
Volume/Issue: 2021/030
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. Western Hemisphere Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
15
February
2021
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781513568294.002
ISBN: 9781513568294
While Panama has been the most dynamic economy in Latin America over the
last three decades (growing 6 percent on average), its strength is being tested by the
COVID-19 global pandemic. Panama is a service-based ec...
Volume/Issue: 2021/030
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. Western Hemisphere Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
15
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513568294
While Panama has been the most dynamic economy in Latin America over the
last three decades (growing 6 percent on average), its strength is being tested by the
COVID-19 global pandemic. Panama is a service-based ec...
Volume/Issue: 2021/030
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. Western Hemisphere Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
15
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513568294
While Panama has been the most dynamic economy in Latin America over the
last three decades (growing 6 percent on average), its strength is being tested by the
COVID-19 global pandemic. Panama is a service-based ec...
Volume/Issue: 2021/030
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. Western Hemisphere Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
15
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513568294
While Panama has been the most dynamic economy in Latin America over the
last three decades (growing 6 percent on average), its strength is being tested by the
COVID-19 global pandemic. Panama is a service-based ec...
Volume/Issue: 2021/033
Series: IMF Working Papers
Author(s):
Khalid ElFayoumi
, and
Martina Hengge
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
12
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513569413
The COVID-19 pandemic and associated policy responses triggered a historically large wave of capital reallocation between markets and asset classes. Using high-frequency country-level data, this paper examines if a...
Volume/Issue: 2021/034
Series: IMF Working Papers
Author(s):
Nicoletta Batini
, and
Luigi Durand
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
12
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513569451
Abstract
In this paper we ask whether countries can influence their exposure to changes in global financial conditions. Specifically, we show that even though we can model cross-country capital flows via a global...
Volume/Issue: 2021/032
Series: IMF Working Papers
Author(s):
Romain Lafarguette
, and
Romain Veyrune
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
12
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513569406
This paper presents a rule for foreign exchange interventions (FXI), designed to preserve financial stability in floating exchange rate arrangements. The FXI rule addresses a market failure: the absence of hedging...
Volume/Issue: 2021/040
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
12
February
2021
Language: French
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781513569420.002
ISBN: 9781513569420
This staff report proposes the modification of the performance criteria for end-December 2020 for the economic program supported by the three-year Extended Credit Facility (ECF) arrangement that was approved by the...
Volume/Issue: 2021/040
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
12
February
2021
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781513569093.002
ISBN: 9781513569093
This staff report proposes the modification of the performance criteria for end-December 2020 for the economic program supported by the three-year Extended Credit Facility (ECF) arrangement that was approved by the...
Volume/Issue: 2021/035
Series: IMF Working Papers
Author(s):
Ralph Chami
,
Elorm Darkey
, and
Oral Williams
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
12
February
2021
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781513569468.001
ISBN: 9781513569468
We use a unique data set for 115 countries, from 2000-18, and 5-year non-overlapping averages to explore the impact of technical assitance on revenue mobilization. To the authors' knowledge this is the first such e...
Volume/Issue: 2021/037
Series: IMF Working Papers
Author(s):
Flavien Moreau
, and
Adriana Lleras-Muney
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
12
February
2021
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781513569499.001
ISBN: 9781513569499
We propose a dynamic production function of population health and mortality from birth onwards. Our parsimonious model provides an excellent fit for the mortality and survival curves for both primate and human popu...
Volume/Issue: 2021/033
Series: IMF Working Papers
Author(s):
Khalid ElFayoumi
, and
Martina Hengge
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
12
February
2021
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781513569413.001
ISBN: 9781513569413
The COVID-19 pandemic and associated policy responses triggered a historically large wave of capital reallocation between markets and asset classes. Using high-frequency country-level data, this paper examines if a...
Volume/Issue: 2021/034
Series: IMF Working Papers
Author(s):
Nicoletta Batini
, and
Luigi Durand
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
12
February
2021
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781513569451.001
ISBN: 9781513569451
Abstract
In this paper we ask whether countries can influence their exposure to changes in global financial conditions. Specifically, we show that even though we can model cross-country capital flows via a global...
Volume/Issue: 2021/032
Series: IMF Working Papers
Author(s):
Romain Lafarguette
, and
Romain Veyrune
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
12
February
2021
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781513569406.001
ISBN: 9781513569406
This paper presents a rule for foreign exchange interventions (FXI), designed to preserve financial stability in floating exchange rate arrangements. The FXI rule addresses a market failure: the absence of hedging...
Volume/Issue: 2021/036
Series: IMF Working Papers
Author(s):
Arnold McIntyre
,
Pablo Bejar
,
Takuji Komatsuzaki
, and
Mauricio Vargas
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
12
February
2021
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781513569475.001
ISBN: 9781513569475
Rising income inequality has emerged as a major policy issue facing policymakers, but there is a dearth of empirical work on inequality in small states, including the Caribbean. Despite data limitations, the empiri...
Volume/Issue: 2021/031
Series: IMF Working Papers
Author(s):
Pierre Cahuc
,
Stéphane Carcillo
,
Berengere Patault
, and
Flavien Moreau
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
12
February
2021
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781513569383.001
ISBN: 9781513569383
Does labor court uncertainty and judge subjectivity influence firms' performance? We study the economic consequences of judge decisions by collecting information on more than 145,000 Appeal court rulings, combined...
Volume/Issue: 2021/038
Series: IMF Working Papers
Author(s):
Holger Floerkemeier
,
Nikola Spatafora
, and
Anthony Venables
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
12
February
2021
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781513569505.001
ISBN: 9781513569505
We discuss regional disparities in economic performance and living standards. We first set out some key facts, and provide a conceptual framework to help analyze whether such disparities are efficient, or instead...
Volume/Issue: 2021/039
Series: IMF Working Papers
Author(s):
Mario di Serio
,
Matteo Fragetta
, and
Giovanni Melina
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
12
February
2021
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781513569512.001
ISBN: 9781513569512
We compute government spending multipliers for the Euro Area (EA) contingent on the interestgrowth
differential, the so-called r-g. Whether the fiscal shock occurs when r-g is positive or negative
matters for the s...
Volume/Issue: 2021/039
Series: IMF Working Papers
Author(s):
Mario di Serio
,
Matteo Fragetta
, and
Giovanni Melina
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
12
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513569512
We compute government spending multipliers for the Euro Area (EA) contingent on the interestgrowth
differential, the so-called r-g. Whether the fiscal shock occurs when r-g is positive or negative
matters for the s...
Volume/Issue: 2021/036
Series: IMF Working Papers
Author(s):
Arnold McIntyre
,
Pablo Bejar
,
Takuji Komatsuzaki
, and
Mauricio Vargas
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
12
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513569475
Rising income inequality has emerged as a major policy issue facing policymakers, but there is a dearth of empirical work on inequality in small states, including the Caribbean. Despite data limitations, the empiri...
Volume/Issue: 2021/031
Series: IMF Working Papers
Author(s):
Pierre Cahuc
,
Stéphane Carcillo
,
Berengere Patault
, and
Flavien Moreau
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
12
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513569383
Does labor court uncertainty and judge subjectivity influence firms' performance? We study the economic consequences of judge decisions by collecting information on more than 145,000 Appeal court rulings, combined...
Volume/Issue: 2021/040
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
12
February
2021
Language: French
ISBN: 9781513569420
This staff report proposes the modification of the performance criteria for end-December 2020 for the economic program supported by the three-year Extended Credit Facility (ECF) arrangement that was approved by the...
Volume/Issue: 2021/040
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
12
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513569093
This staff report proposes the modification of the performance criteria for end-December 2020 for the economic program supported by the three-year Extended Credit Facility (ECF) arrangement that was approved by the...
Volume/Issue: 2021/038
Series: IMF Working Papers
Author(s):
Holger Floerkemeier
,
Nikola Spatafora
, and
Anthony Venables
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
12
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513569505
We discuss regional disparities in economic performance and living standards. We first set out some key facts, and provide a conceptual framework to help analyze whether such disparities are efficient, or instead...
Volume/Issue: 2021/035
Series: IMF Working Papers
Author(s):
Ralph Chami
,
Elorm Darkey
, and
Oral Williams
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
12
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513569468
We use a unique data set for 115 countries, from 2000-18, and 5-year non-overlapping averages to explore the impact of technical assitance on revenue mobilization. To the authors' knowledge this is the first such e...
Volume/Issue: 2021/037
Series: IMF Working Papers
Author(s):
Flavien Moreau
, and
Adriana Lleras-Muney
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
12
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513569499
We propose a dynamic production function of population health and mortality from birth onwards. Our parsimonious model provides an excellent fit for the mortality and survival curves for both primate and human popu...
Volume/Issue: 2021/029
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
11
February
2021
Language: Portuguese
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781513569062.002
ISBN: 9781513569062
Guinea Bissau is a fragile state with a long history of political instability.
Poverty is high with about 67 percent of the population living below the poverty line of
US$1.90 per day. The economy relies heavily on...
Volume/Issue: 2021/029
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
11
February
2021
Language: Portuguese
ISBN: 9781513569062
Guinea Bissau is a fragile state with a long history of political instability.
Poverty is high with about 67 percent of the population living below the poverty line of
US$1.90 per day. The economy relies heavily on...
Volume/Issue: 2021/038
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
11
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513568904
Iraq's socio-economic fragilities have been severely aggravated by the pandemic and the sharp decline in oil revenues, which arrived on the heels of widespread social unrest and political instability. The health sy...
Volume/Issue: 2021/038
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
11
February
2021
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781513568904.002
ISBN: 9781513568904
Iraq's socio-economic fragilities have been severely aggravated by the pandemic and the sharp decline in oil revenues, which arrived on the heels of widespread social unrest and political instability. The health sy...
Volume/Issue: 2021/038
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
11
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513568904
Iraq's socio-economic fragilities have been severely aggravated by the pandemic and the sharp decline in oil revenues, which arrived on the heels of widespread social unrest and political instability. The health sy...
Volume/Issue: 2021/038
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
11
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513568904
Iraq's socio-economic fragilities have been severely aggravated by the pandemic and the sharp decline in oil revenues, which arrived on the heels of widespread social unrest and political instability. The health sy...
Volume/Issue: 2021/038
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
11
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513568904
Iraq's socio-economic fragilities have been severely aggravated by the pandemic and the sharp decline in oil revenues, which arrived on the heels of widespread social unrest and political instability. The health sy...
Volume/Issue: 2021/039
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. Statistics Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
10
February
2021
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781513568959.002
ISBN: 9781513568959
Panama's statistical system is well established by a legal framework that generally provides the necessary authority for the collection and compilation of statistics. Panama has a well-developed macroeconomic stati...
Volume/Issue: 2021/039
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. Statistics Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
10
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513568959
Panama's statistical system is well established by a legal framework that generally provides the necessary authority for the collection and compilation of statistics. Panama has a well-developed macroeconomic stati...
Volume/Issue: 2021/039
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. Statistics Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
10
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513568959
Panama's statistical system is well established by a legal framework that generally provides the necessary authority for the collection and compilation of statistics. Panama has a well-developed macroeconomic stati...
Volume/Issue: 2021/039
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. Statistics Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
10
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513568959
Panama's statistical system is well established by a legal framework that generally provides the necessary authority for the collection and compilation of statistics. Panama has a well-developed macroeconomic stati...
Volume/Issue: 2021/036
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
09
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513568751
Russia entered the crisis with low potential growth but strong macroeconomic policy frameworks and significant buffers. Policy space allowed the authorities to mount a sizeable public health and countercyclical res...
Volume/Issue: 2021/036
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
09
February
2021
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781513568751.002
ISBN: 9781513568751
Russia entered the crisis with low potential growth but strong macroeconomic policy frameworks and significant buffers. Policy space allowed the authorities to mount a sizeable public health and countercyclical res...
Volume/Issue: 2021/037
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. Statistics Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
09
February
2021
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781513568836.002
ISBN: 9781513568836
The Vanuatu National Statistics Office (VNSO) requested a mission by the IMF's Pacific Financial Technical Assistance Centre (PFTAC) for conducting a feasibility study on the implementation of a quarterly national...
Volume/Issue: 2021/036
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
09
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513568751
Russia entered the crisis with low potential growth but strong macroeconomic policy frameworks and significant buffers. Policy space allowed the authorities to mount a sizeable public health and countercyclical res...
Volume/Issue: 2021/036
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
09
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513568751
Russia entered the crisis with low potential growth but strong macroeconomic policy frameworks and significant buffers. Policy space allowed the authorities to mount a sizeable public health and countercyclical res...
Volume/Issue: 2021/036
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
09
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513568751
Russia entered the crisis with low potential growth but strong macroeconomic policy frameworks and significant buffers. Policy space allowed the authorities to mount a sizeable public health and countercyclical res...
Volume/Issue: 2021/037
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. Statistics Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
09
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513568836
The Vanuatu National Statistics Office (VNSO) requested a mission by the IMF's Pacific Financial Technical Assistance Centre (PFTAC) for conducting a feasibility study on the implementation of a quarterly national...
Volume/Issue: 2021/035
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
08
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513568577
After a long period of uninterrupted growth, Poland is experiencing a pandemic-induced recession, though strong policy actions have limited the damage. The economy rebounded strongly in the third quarter of 2020, b...
Volume/Issue: 2021/033
Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
Author(s):
International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date:
08
February
2021
ISBN: 9781513568423
The Nigerian economy is at a critical juncture. A weak pre-crisis economy characterized by falling per capita income, double-digit inflation, significant governance vulnerabilities and limited buffers, is grappling...