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Cover IMF Working Papers
Closing Peru’s Ethnic Gaps Amidst Sustained Economic Growth
Carlos Chavez, Mr. Gonzalo Salinas, and Yuri Zamora
We analyze the recent evolution of ethnic economic inequality in Peru, a major source of social discontent in the country. Household survey data indicates that recent decades of high output growth also witnessed a substantial narrowing of socioeconomic gaps among ethnicities. Most notably, the Mestizo ethnic group surpassed the White group in income per capita, and Native American also experienced a relative improvement. Mincerian regression analysis suggests that the main contributors to these developments were rural-to-urban migration and increased education. Based on our statistical findings, we propose enhancing education and other public services, increasing government revenues, lowering informality, and promoting competition as the main public policies that could accelerate the ongoing narrowing of ethnic gaps.
Keywords:
Income Inequality; Informal Economy; Poverty; Welfare.; household survey data; labor income; Earnings function; gaps narrow; regression analysis; Income; Income distribution; Public employment; East Asia; Caribbean
Cover Policy Papers
The Fund's Capacity Development Strategy - Better Policies Through Stronger Institutions - Background Paper
International Monetary Fund
This supplement provides background information on various aspects of capacity development (CD) for the main Board paper, The Fund’s Capacity Development Strategy—Better Policies through Stronger Institutions. It is divided into nine notes or sections, each focused on a different topic covered in the main paper. Section A explores the importance of institutions for growth, and the role the Fund can play in building institutions. Section B presents stylized facts about how the landscape for CD has changed since the late 1990s. Section C discusses the difficulties of analyzing CD data because of measurement issues. Section D provides a longer-term perspective on how Fund CD has responded to member needs. Section E contains information on previous efforts to prioritize CD, assesses Regional Strategy Notes (RSNs) and country pages, and suggests ways to strengthen RSNs, including by using the Fund’s surveillance products. Section F compares the technical assistance (TA) funding model proposed in the 2011
Keywords:
PP; funding model; Fund TA; donor financing; TA department; evaluation instrument; strategy paper; TA delivery; TA priority; TA mission; TA-training synergy; resourced TA demand; evaluation program; TA needs; Personal income; Early warning systems; Employment; Information systems and platforms; Global; Sub-Saharan Africa; Middle East and Central Asia; Africa; Middle East