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- Keywords: exchange rate x
- Keywords: foreign investment x
Appendix I Real Exchange Rate Movements and External Competitiveness »
Source: The Lao People's Democratic Republic : Systemic Transformation and Adjustment
Series: Occasional Papers
Author(s): Ichiro Otani , and Chi Pham
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date: 28 May 1996
ISBN: 9781557755605
Keywords: banking, exchange rate, foreign exchange, privatization, foreign investment
Movements in the real exchange rate are summarized in Charts 6 and 7, which show the path of the real effective exchange rate (that is, the trade-weighted exchange rate adjusted for...
Appendix II Foreign Direct Investment »
Source: The Lao People's Democratic Republic : Systemic Transformation and Adjustment
Series: Occasional Papers
Author(s): Ichiro Otani , and Chi Pham
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date: 28 May 1996
ISBN: 9781557755605
Keywords: banking, exchange rate, foreign exchange, privatization, foreign investment
The reform strategy implemented in the Lao P.D.R. since 1985 has recognized the importance of external resources—both official and private—in accelerating economic transformation an...
Appendix III Legal and Constitutional Reform »
Source: The Lao People's Democratic Republic : Systemic Transformation and Adjustment
Series: Occasional Papers
Author(s): Ichiro Otani , and Chi Pham
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date: 28 May 1996
ISBN: 9781557755605
Keywords: banking, exchange rate, foreign exchange, privatization, foreign investment
Before the takeover in late 1975, the Kingdom of the Lao P.D.R. had the Constitution of 1947 and an essentially two-tier legal framework: civil affairs, such as family, dowry, inher...
Appendix IV Structure of the Tax System, End-1994 »
Source: The Lao People's Democratic Republic : Systemic Transformation and Adjustment
Series: Occasional Papers
Author(s): Ichiro Otani , and Chi Pham
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date: 28 May 1996
ISBN: 9781557755605
Keywords: banking, exchange rate, foreign exchange, privatization, foreign investment
Tax Exemptions and Deductions Rate...
Appendix V The Lao Government's Policy Agenda, 1994/95–1999/2000 »
Source: The Lao People's Democratic Republic : Systemic Transformation and Adjustment
Series: Occasional Papers
Author(s): Ichiro Otani , and Chi Pham
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date: 28 May 1996
ISBN: 9781557755605
Keywords: banking, exchange rate, foreign exchange, privatization, foreign investment
As described in the Committee for Planning and Cooperation's Medium-Term Policy Framework and Public Investment Program, the Lao Government's ambitious policy agenda for 1994/95–199...
Copper and the Chilean Economy, 1960-98 »
Source: Copper and the Chilean Economy, 1960-98
Volume/Issue: 1999/57
Series: IMF Working Papers
Author(s): Antonio Spilimbergo
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date: 01 April 1999
ISBN: 9781451847758
Keywords: copper prices, exchange rate, real exchange rate, copper, foreign investment
The paper concludes that world copper prices play an important role in short-term fluctuations and probably influence long-term growth of the Chilean economy. While many mechanisms may be at work, investment seems...
I Introduction and Summary »
Source: The Lao People's Democratic Republic : Systemic Transformation and Adjustment
Series: Occasional Papers
Author(s): Ichiro Otani , and Chi Pham
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date: 28 May 1996
ISBN: 9781557755605
Keywords: banking, exchange rate, foreign exchange, privatization, foreign investment
This paper assesses the experience of the Lao People's Democratic Republic (P.D.R.) 1 with systemic transformation during 1989—94; when the IMF provided financial support under th...
II Setting of Economic Reform »
Source: The Lao People's Democratic Republic : Systemic Transformation and Adjustment
Series: Occasional Papers
Author(s): Ichiro Otani , and Chi Pham
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date: 28 May 1996
ISBN: 9781557755605
Keywords: banking, exchange rate, foreign exchange, privatization, foreign investment
The Country at a Glance The Lao P.D.R. is a landlocked, largely mountainous country in the center of the Indochina peninsula. Rugged terrain and elevations separate the country from...
III Recent Macroeconomic Performance and Structural Reforms »
Source: The Lao People's Democratic Republic : Systemic Transformation and Adjustment
Series: Occasional Papers
Author(s): Ichiro Otani , and Chi Pham
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date: 28 May 1996
ISBN: 9781557755605
Keywords: banking, exchange rate, foreign exchange, privatization, foreign investment
Against the background summarized in the previous subsection, the Government adopted a major medium-term adjustment program in 1989, followed by another in 1993. This section summarizes the main objectives a...
IMF Executive Board Reviews Multiple Currency Practices Policy and Considers Reforms »
Source: Review Of The Fund's Policy On Multiple Currency Practices : Initial Considerations
Volume: 19
Series: Policy Papers
Author(s): International Monetary Fund. Legal Dept.;International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department;International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, & Review Department;International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date: 10 June 2019
ISBN: 9781498318860
Keywords: Exchange rate policy, Exchange markets, Exchange restrictions, Multiple exchange rates, Exchange rates, foreign exchange markets, foreign investment, free trade, goods and services, multiple currency practices
This paper reviews the Fund's policy on multiple currency practices (MCPs). There remain strong economic and legal reasons to retain a policy on MCPs. The over-arching aim of the review is to make the policy and it...