III. What Makes Fiscal Adjustment Successful?
Author: Mr. James Daniel1
  • 1 0000000404811396https://isni.org/isni/0000000404811396International Monetary Fund
Language:
English
Keywords:
PAM; taxpayer; financing; debt; tax; market financing constraint; debt sustainability projection; government wage increase; expenditure reduction; track record; PFM legal and regulatory frameworks; Fiscal consolidation; Global

Abstract

If it were done when’tis done, then’twere well it were done quickly.

Within Same Series

Other IMF Content

Other Publishers Content

Cover Fiscal Adjustment for Stability and Growth
Fiscal Adjustment for Stability and Growth
Author: Mr. James Daniel
ISBN:
9781589065130
ISSN:
0538-8759
Publication Date:
17 Aug 2006
Publisher:
International Monetary Fund
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5089/9781589065130.054
Pages:
76

  • Ahmad, Ehtisham, and Jon Craig, 1997, “Intergovernmental Transfers,” in Fiscal Federalism in Theory and Practice, ed. by Teresa Ter-Minassian (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Alesina, Alberto, and Roberto Perotti, 1997, “Fiscal Adjustments in OECD Countries: Composition and Macroeconomic Effects,” Staff Papers, International Monetary Fund, Vol. 44 (June), pp. 210–48.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Allen, Mark, Christoph Rosenberg, Christian Keller, Brad Setser, and Nouriel Roubini, 2002, “A Balance Sheet Approach to Financial Crisis,” IMF Working Paper 02/210 (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Baer, Katherine, Olivier Benon, and Juan Toro, 2002, Improving Large Taxpayers’Compliance: A Review of Country Experience, IMF Occasional Paper No. 215 (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Baldacci, Emanuele, Arye Hillman, and Naoko Kojo, 2004, “Growth, Governance, and Fiscal Policy Transmission Channels in Low-Income Countries,” in Helping Countries Develop: The Role of Fiscal Policy (Washington: International Monetary Fund), pp. 67–104.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Barr, Nicholas, 2002, The Pension Puzzle: Prerequisites and Policy Choices in Pension Design, IMF Economic Issues, No. 29 (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Baunsgaard, Thomas, 2001, “A Primer on Mineral Taxation,” IMF Working Paper 01/139 (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Bernanke, Ben J., 1983, “Irreversibility, Uncertainty and Cyclical Investment,” Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol. 98, No. 1, pp. 85–106.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Bruno, Michael, and William Easterly, 1998, “Inflation Crises and Long-Run Growth,” Journal of Monetary Economics, Vol. 41, pp. 3–26.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Bulíř, Aleš, and Javier Hamann, 2001, “How Volatile and Unpredictable Are Aid Flows, and What Are the Policy Implications?” IMF Working Paper 01/167 (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Bulíř, Aleš and Timothy Lane, 2004, “Aid and Fiscal Management,” in Helping Countries Develop; The Role of Fiscal Policy, ed. by Sanjeev Gupta, Benedict Clements, and Gabriela Inchauste (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Chalk, Nigel A., and Richard Hemming, 2000, “Assessing Fiscal Sustainability in Theory and Practice,” IMF Working Paper 00/81 (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Chalk, Nigel A., 2002, “Structural Balances and All That: Which Indicators to Use in Assessing Fiscal Policy,” IMF Working Paper 02/101 (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Coelho, Isaias, Liam Ebrill, and Victoria Summers, 2001, “Bank Debit Taxes in Latin America: An Analysis of Recent Trends,” IMF Working Paper 01/67 (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Corbacho, Ana, and Hamid Davoodi, 2004, “Expenditure Issues and Governance in Central America,” in The Macroeconomy of Central America, ed. by Robert Rennhack and Eric Offerdal (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Croce, Enzo, 2002, “Assessment of the Fiscal Balance,” in Macroeconomic Management, Programs, and Policies, ed. by Mohsin Khan, Saleh Nsouli, and Chorng-Huey Wong (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Dabla-Norris, Era, and Paul Wade, 2002, “The Challenge of Fiscal Decentralization in Transition Countries,” IMF Working Paper 02/103 (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Daniel, James, 1997, “Fiscal Aspects of Bank Restructuring,” IMF Working Paper 97/52 (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Daniel, James, 2003, “Hedging Government Oil Risk,” in Fiscal Policy Formulation and Implementation in Oil-Producing Countries, ed. by Jeffrey Davis, Rolando Ossowski, and Annalisa Fedelino (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Daniel, James, Jeffrey M. Davis, and Andrew M. Wolfe, 1997, “Fiscal Accounting of Bank Restructuring,” IMF Paper on Policy Analysis and Assessment 97/5 (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Daniel, James, and Matthew Saal, 1997, “Macroeconomic Impact and Policy Response,” in Systemic Bank Restructuring and Macroeconomic Policy,” ed.by William E. Alexander, Jeffrey M. Davis, Liam P. Ebrill, and Carl-Johan Lindgren (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Davis, Jeffrey M., and others, 2000, Fiscal and Macroeconomic Impact of Privatization, IMF Occasional Paper No. 194 (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Davis, Jeffrey M., Rolando Ossowski, James Daniel, and Steven Barnett, 2003, “Stabilization and Savings Funds for Nonrenewable Resources: Experience and Policy Implications, in Fiscal Policy Formulation and Implementation in Oil-Producing Countries, ed. by Jeffrey Davis, Rolando Ossowski, and Annalisa Fedelino (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Davis, Jeffrey M., Rolando Ossowski, and Annalisa Fedelino, eds., 2003, Fiscal Policy Formulation and Implementation in Oil-Producing Countries (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Davoodi, Hamid, Erwin Tiongson and Sawitree Asawanuchit, 2003, “How Useful Are Benefit Incidence Analyses of Public Education and Health Spending?” IMF Working Paper 03/227 (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Dornbusch, Rudiger, 1980, Open Economy Macroeconomics (New York: Basic Books).

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Drummond, Paulo, and Ali Mansoor, 2002, “Macroeconomic Management and the Devolution of Fiscal Powers,” IMF Working Paper 02/76 (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Easterly, William, and Sergio Rebelo, 1993, “Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth,” Journal of Monetary Economics, Vol. 32, pp. 417–58.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Easterly, William, Carlos A. Rodriguez, and Klauss Schmidt-Hebbel, 1994, Public Sector Deficits and Macroeconomic Performance (New York: Oxford University Press for the World Bank).

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Easterly, William, and Stanley Fischer, 2001, “Inflation and the Poor,” Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Vol. 33 (May), pp. 160–78.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Ebrill, Liam P., Reint Gropp, and Janet G. Stotsky, 1999, Revenue Implications of Trade Liberalization, IMF Occasional Paper No. 180 (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Ebrill, Liam P., and others, 2001, The Modern VAT (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

  • Fischer, Stanley, 1993, “The Role of Macroeconomic Factors in Growth,” Journal of Monetary Economics, Vol. 32 (December), pp. 485–512.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Fouad, Manal, Richard Hemming, Davide Lombardo, and Wojciech Maliszewski, 2005, “Fiscal Transparency and State-Owned Banks,” in The Future of State-Owned Financial Institutions, ed. by G. Caprio, J. Fiechter, R. Litan, and M. Pomerleano (Washington: Brookings Press), pp. 75–92.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Ghosh, Atish, and Steven Phillips, 1998, “Warning: Inflation May Be Harmful to Your Growth,” Staff Papers, International Monetary Fund, Vol. 45 (December), pp. 672–710.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Ghosh, Atish, Timothy Lane, Marianne Schulze-Ghattas, Aleš Bulíř, Javier Hamann, and Alex Mourmouras, 2002, IMF-Supported Programs in Capital Account Crises: Design and Experience, IMF Occasional Paper No. 210 (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Ghosh, Atish, Timothy Lane, Charalambos Christofides, Jun Kim, Laura Papi, Uma Ramakrishnan, Alun Thomas, and Juan Zalduendo, 2005, The Design of IMF-Supported Programs, IMF Occasional Paper No. 241 (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Glewwe, Paul, 2002, “Schools and Skills in Developing Countries,” Journal of Economic Literature, Vol. 40, No. 2, pp. 436–82.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Gupta, Sanjeev, Kenneth Miranda, and Ian Parry, 1995, “Public Expenditure Policy and the Environment: A Review and Synthesis,” World Development, Vol. 23 (March), pp. 515–28.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Gupta, Sanjeev, and others, 2000a, Equity and Efficiency in the Reform of Price Subsidies: A Guide for Policymakers (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Gupta, Sanjeev and others, 2000b, Social Issues in IMF-Supported Programs, IMF Occasional Paper No. 191 (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Gupta, Sanjeev, Hamid Davoodi, and Erwin Tiongson, 2001, “Corruption and the Provision of Health Care and Education Services,” in The Political Economy of Corruption, ed. by Arvind K. Jain (London: Routledge).

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Gupta, Sanjeev, Keiko Honjo, and Marijn Verhoeven, 2001, “The Effectiveness of Government Expenditures: Experiences from Africa,” Journal of Policy Modeling, Vol. 23, No. 4, pp. 433–67.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Gupta, Sanjeev, Luiz de Mello, and Raju Sharan, 2001, “Corruption and Military Spending,” European Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 17, pp. 749–77.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Gupta, Sanjeev, and others, 2002, Is the PRGF Living Up to Expectations? IMF Occasional Paper No. 216 (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Gupta, Sanjeev, Marijn Verhoeven, and Erwin Tjongson, 2003, “Public Spending on Health Care and the Poor,” Health Economics, Vol. 12, Issue 8 (August), pp. 685–96.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Gupta, Sanjeev, and others, 2003b, “Transition Economies: How Appropriate Is the Size and Scope of Government?” Comparative Studies, Vol. 45, No. 4, pp. 554–76.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Gupta, Sanjeev, and others, 2003a, “Foreign Aid and Revenue Response: Does the Composition of Aid Matter?” in Helping Countries Develop: The Role of Fiscal Policy (Washington: International Monetary Fund), pp. 385–406.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Gupta, Sanjeev, Benedict Clements, and Erwin Tiongson, 2004, “Foreign Aid and Consumption Smoothing: Evidence from Global Food Aid,” Review of Development Economics, Vol. 8, Issue 3 (August), pp. 379–90.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Gupta, Sanjeev, Benedict Clements, and Gabriela Inchauste, eds., 2004, Helping Countries Develop: The Role of Fiscal Policy (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Gupta, Sanjeev, and others, 2004, “The Persistence of Fiscal Adjustments in Developing Countries,” Applied Economic Letters, Vol. 11 (March 15), pp. 209–12.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Gupta, Sanjeev, Robert Powell, and Yongzheng Yang, 2005, “The Macroeconomic Challenges of Scaling Up Aid to Africa,” IMF Working Paper 05/179 (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Gupta, Sanjeev, and others, 2005a, “Fiscal Policy, Expenditure Composition, and Growth in Low-Income Countries,” Journal of International Money and Finance, Vol. 24, Issue 3 (April),pp.441–63.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Gupta, Sanjeev, and others, 2005b, “What Sustains Fiscal Consolidations in Emerging Market Countries?” International Journal of Finance & Economics, Vol.10 (October), pp. 307–21.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Harrison, Graham, and Russell Krelove, 2005, “VAT Refunds: A Review of Country Experience,” IMF Working Paper 05/218 (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Heller, Peter, 1974, “Public Investment in LDCs with Recurrent Cost Constraint: The Kenyan Case,” Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol. 88, pp. 251–72.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Heller, Peter, 1979, “The Underfinancing of Recurrent Development Costs,” Finance and Development, Vol. 16 (March), pp. 38–41.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Heller, Peter, 2002, “Considering the IMF’s Perspective on a Sound Fiscal Policy,” IMF Policy Discussion Paper 02/8 (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Heller, Peter, 2003, Who Will Pay? Coping with Aging Societies, Climate Change, and Other Long-Term Fiscal Challenges (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Heller, Peter, 2005a, “Understanding Fiscal Space,” IMF Policy Discussion Paper 05/4 (Washington: International Fund).

  • Heller, Peter, 2005b, “Pity the Finance Minister: Issues in Managing a Substantial Scaling-Up of Aid Flows,” IMF Working Paper 05/180 (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Hemming, Richard, 2003, “Policies to Promote Fiscal Discipline,” paper presented at the Conference on Political Economy of Policy Transfer, Learning, and Convergence, Tulane University, April 11–12.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Hemming, Richard, 2004, “Promoting Fiscal Discipline,” paper presented at APEC Deputies Meeting, Santiago, September.

  • Hemming, Richard, Michael Kell, and Selma Mahfouz, 2000, “The Effectiveness of Fiscal Policy in Stimulating Economic Activity—A Review of the Literature,” IMF Working Paper 02/208 (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Hemming, Richard, and Murray Petri, 2000, “A Framework for Assessing Fiscal Vulnerability,” IMF Working Paper 00/52 (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar

  • International Monetary Fund, 1986, A Manual on Government Finance Statistics (Washington).

    • Search Google Scholar

  • International Monetary Fund, Fiscal Affairs Department, 1997, Guidelines for Fiscal Adjustment, IMF Pamphlet Series, No. 49 (Washington).

    • Search Google Scholar

  • International Monetary Fund, Fiscal Affairs Department, 1997, “IMF Adopts Guidelines Regarding Governance Issues,” IMF Survey, Vol. 26, No. 15, August 15.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • International Monetary Fund, Fiscal Affairs Department, 2001a, Government Finance Statistics Manual (Washington).

    • Search Google Scholar

  • International Monetary Fund, Fiscal Affairs Department, 2001b, Manual on Fiscal Transparency (Washington). Available via the Internet: http://www.imf.org/external/np/fad/trans/manual/index.htm.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • International Monetary Fund, Fiscal Affairs Department, 2002, Fiscal Dimensions of Sustainable Development, IMF Pamphlet Series, No. 54 (Washington).

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • International Monetary Fund, Fiscal Affairs Department, 2003, “Public Debt in Emerging Markets: Is It Too High?” World Economic Outlook, September 2003, World Economic and Financial Surveys (Washington).

    • Search Google Scholar

  • International Monetary Fund, Fiscal Affairs Department, forthcoming, Promoting Fiscal Discipline (Washington).

    • Search Google Scholar

  • International Monetary Fund, Fiscal Affairs Department, 2004a, “Public Investment and Fiscal Policy” (Washington). Available via the Internet: http://www.imf.org/external/np/fad/2004/pifp/eng/pifp.pdf.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • International Monetary Fund, Fiscal Affairs Department, 2004b, “Rebuilding Fiscal Institutions in Post-Conflict Countries” (Washington). Available via the Internet: http://www.imf.org/external/np/fad/2005/022505.htm.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • International Monetary Fund, Fiscal Affairs Department, 2004c, “IMF Discusses Operational Debt Sustainability Framework for Low-Income Countries,” IMF Press Information Notice No. 04/119. Available via the Internet: http://www.imf.org/external/np/sec/pn/2004/pn04119.htm.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • International Monetary Fund, Fiscal Affairs Department, 2005a, “Dealing with the Revenue Consequences of Trade Reform” (Washington). Available via the Internet: http://www.imf.org/external/np/pp/eng/2005/021505.pdf.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • International Monetary Fund, Fiscal Affairs Department, 2005b, “The Macroeconomics of Managing Increased Aid Inflows—Experiences of Low-Income Countries and Policy Implications” (Washington).Available via the Internet: http://www.imf.org/external/np/pp/eng/2005/080805a.pdf.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • International Monetary Fund, Fiscal Affairs Department, 2005c, “Review of PRGF Program Design—Overview” (Washington).Available via the Internet: http://www.imf.org/external/np/pp/eng/2005/080805r.htm.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • International Monetary Fund, Fiscal Affairs Department, 2005d, “Monetary and Fiscal Policy Design Issues in Low-Income Countries” (Washington). Available via the Internet: http://www.imf.org/external/np/pp/eng/2005/080805m.pdf.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • International Monetary Fund, Fiscal Affairs Department and World Bank, 2001, Guidelines for Public Debt Management (Washington).

    • Search Google Scholar

  • International Monetary Fund, Independent Evaluation Office, 2003, “Evaluation of Fiscal Adjustment in IMF-Supported Programs” (Washington). Available via the Internet: http://www.imf.org/External/NP/ieo/2003/fis/index.htm.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Ivanova, Anna, Michael Keen, Alexander Klemm, 2005, “The Russian ‘Flat Tax’ Reform,” Economic Policy: A European Forum, Vol. 43 (July), pp. 397–444.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Keen, Michael, 2003, Changing Customs: Challenges and Strategies for the Reform of Customs Administration (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Keen, Michael, Jenny Ligthart, 2002, “Coordinating Tariff Reduction and Domestic Tax Reform,” Netherlands Journal of International Economics, Vol. 56 (March), pp. 489–507.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Keen, Michael, and Alejandro Simone, 2004, “Tax Policy in Developing Countries: Some Lessons from the 1990s, and Some Challenges Ahead,” in Helping Countries Develop: The Role of Fiscal Policy, ed. by Sanjeev Gupta, Benedict Clements, and Gabriela Inchauste (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Khan, Mohsin S., and Abdelhak S. Senhadji, 2001, “Threshold Effects in the Relationship Between Inflation and Growth,” Staff Papers, International Monetary Fund, Vol. 48, No. 1, pp. 1–21.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Kopits, George, and Steven Symansky, 1998, Fiscal Policy Rules, IMF Occasional Paper No. 162 (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Mackenzie, George A., and Peter Stella, 1996, Quasi-Fiscal Operations of Public Financial Institutions, IMF Occasional Paper No. 142 (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Mackenzie, George A., David W.H. Orsmond, and Philip R. Gerson, 1997, The Composition of Fiscal Adjustment and Growth: Lessons from Fiscal Reforms in Eight Economies, IMF Occasional Paper No. 149 (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Martin, Philippe, and Carol Ann Rogers, 1997, “Stabilization Policy, Learningby-Doing, and Economic Growth,” Oxford Economic Papers, Vol. 49, No. 1, pp. 152–66.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • McLure, Charles E., 1999, “Tax Holidays and Investment Incentives: A Comparative Analysis,” Bulletin for International Fiscal Documentation, pp. 326–39.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Mintz, Jack M., 1990, “Corporate Tax Holidays and Investment,” The World Bank Economic Review, Vol. 4 (Washington: World Bank), pp. 81–102.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Norregaard, John, 1997, “Tax Assignment,” in Fiscal Federalism in Theory and Practice, ed. by Teresa Ter-Minassian (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Ortiz, Guillermo, 2002, Recent Emerging Market Crises: What Have We Learned? Per Jacobsson Foundation Lecture (Basel: Bank for International Settlements and Per Jacobsson Foundation, July 7).

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Pattillo, Catherine, Hélène Poirson, and Luca Ricci, 2004, Through What Channels Does External Debt Affect Growth? Brookings Trade Forum 2003, ed.by Susan M. Collins and Dani Rodrik (Washington: Brookings Institution Press), pp. 229–78.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Perotti, Roberto, 1996, Fiscal Consolidation in Europe: Composition Matters American Economic Review, Vol. 86 (May), pp. 105–10.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Petri, Murray, 2003, “Promoting Fiscal Transparency: The Complementary Roles of the IMF, Financial Markets, and Civil Society,” IMF Working Paper 03/199 (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Potter, Barry H., and Jack Diamond, 1999, Guidelines for Public Expenditure Management (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

  • Prud’homme, Remy, and Anwar Shah, 2002, “Centralization v. Decentralization: The Devil Is in the Details” (unpublished; Washington: World Bank).

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Sargent, Thomas, and Neil Wallace, 1981, “Some Unpleasant Monetarist Arithmetic,” Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis, Quarterly Review, Vol. 5, No. 3.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Schadler, Susan, and others, 1995, IMF Conditionality: Experience Under Stand-By and Extended Arrangements, Part I, Key Issues and Findings, IMF Occasional Paper No. 128 (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Silvani, Carlos, and Katherine Baer, 1997, “Designing a Tax Administration Reform Strategy: Experiences and Guidelines,” IMF Working Paper 97/30 (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Tanzi, Vito, 1998, “Corruption Around the World: Causes, Consequences, Scope and Cures,” Staff Papers, International Monetary Fund, Vol. 45 (December), pp. 559–94.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Tanzi, Vito, Howell Zee, 1996, “Fiscal Policy and Long-Run Growth,” IMF Working Paper 96/119 (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Tanzi, Vito, 2000, “Tax Policy for Emerging Markets: Developing Countries,” IMF Working Paper 00/35 (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Ter-Minassian, Teresa, ed., 1997, Fiscal Federalism in Theory and Practice (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

  • Ter-Minassian, Teresa, 1997, “Intergovernmental Fiscal Relations in a Macroeconomic Perspective: An Overview,” inFiscal Federalism in Theory and Practice, ed. by Teresa Ter-Minassian (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Ter-Minassian, Teresa, Jon Craig, 1997, “Control of Subnational Government Borrowing,” in Fiscal Federalism in Theory and Practice, ed. by Teresa Ter-Minassian (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar

  • von Hagen, Jürgen, 1998, “Budgeting Institutions for Aggregate Fiscal Discipline”(unpublished; Bonn: Center for European Integration Studies, February).Available via the Internet: http://www.zei.de/download/zei_wp/B98-01.pdf.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Zee, Howell H., 2004, Taxing the Financial Sector: Concepts, Issues, and Practices (Washington: International Monetary Fund).

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Zee, Howell H., Janet G. Stotsky, and Eduardo Ley, 2002, “Tax Incentives for Business Investment: A Primer for Policy Makers in Developing Countries,” World Development, Vol. 30, No. 9, pp. 1497–516.

    • Search Google Scholar