One important objective of the enhanced HIPC (Heavily Indebted Poor Country) debt reduction initiative is to redirect the budgetary resources released from servicing external debt toward poverty-reducing expenditures. Several questions arise in this context. First, are African countries’ public expenditure management systems robust enough to allow specific poverty-reducing expenditures to be identified in annual budgets and tracked in countries’ accounting systems? Second, does the expenditure control system allow poverty-reducing expenditures to be protected from cuts should there be unforeseen shortfalls in revenues? Third, are internal and external audit mechanisms effective, so as to ensure the integrity of expenditure reports, both in-year and annually? To answer these, and other questions, an assessment of the entire public expenditure management system is required in each country.
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