European Monetary System, European Economic and Monetary Union, German Unification
Author:
Mr. Jacob A. Frenkel https://isni.org/isni/0000000404811396 International Monetary Fund

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and
Mr. Morris Goldstein https://isni.org/isni/0000000404811396 International Monetary Fund

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Abstract

Aggregate demand for M1 in the countries participating in the exchange rate mechanism (ERM) of the European Monetary System is shown to be a stable function of ERM-wide income, inflation, interest rates, and the ECU-dollar exchange rate. Particularly noteworthy is the rapid dynamic adjustment, in contrast to the implausibly slow adjustment implied by most single-country estimates. These results, if robust, suggest that, even at the present stage of economic and monetary integration, a European central bank might be able to implement monetary control more effectively than the individual national central banks.

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