Back Matter

		1986	1987	1988	1989	1990	1991	1992
Agriculture and fishing		–12.2	20.5	–25.8	5.7	27.7	14.7	5.8
Mining		25.3	6.8	1.0	7.2	–6.7	0.1	–1.1
Hydrocarbons, electricity, and water		–1.4	–3.3	–0.3	1.0	–5.9	11.3	0.8
Manufacturing		4.8	4.4	6.5	6.0	11.1	4.1	8.0
	Food processing	4.7	1.8	4.2	–6.1	15.0	6.3	14.4
	Construction materials and glass	1.1	4.9	8.0	7.2	7.8	1.5	4.3
	Mechanical and electrical industries	0.4	–0.5	4.1	7.4	9.6	3.8	3.9
	Chemical and rubber industries	14.9	8.4	12.6	3.8	4.6	2.9	4.8
	Textiles, clothing, and leather	5.6	7.6	8.0	13.5	14.9	4.0	8.3
	Woodwork, paper, and other	4.2	5.2	5.1	7.4	6.1	4.8	7.8
	Manufacturing, excluding food processing	4.8	5.2	7.2	9.3	10.2	3.5	6.5
Construction and public works		–13.2	–4.8	–4.6	11.9	15.3	1.0	8.6
Services		1.4	6.4	8.0	2.7	3.3	—	10.1
	Transport and telecommunications	–3.2	9.8	6.4	5.0	3.7	1.8	12.5
	Tourism	–0.7	37.2	11.6	–2.8	–0.8	–29.6	53.9
	Commerce and other services	2.8	3.5	10.2	2.5	3.7	2.1	7.5
	Government wages and salaries	1.2	2.5	3.2	4.0	3.8	4.6	4.2
Indirect taxes minus subsidies		0.8	6.7	0.1	1.9	8.1	2.1	8.5
GDP (at constant market prices)		–1.1	6.7	0.1	3.7	7.6	3.9	8.0

Source: Ministry of Planning and Regional Development.

^¹On the basis of values in constant 1980 prices for 1986 and in constant 1990 prices for the subsequent years.

Table A1.

Sectoral Distribution of Real GDP Growth¹

(In percent)

		1986	1987	1988	1989	1990	1991	1992
Agriculture and fishing		–12.2	20.5	–25.8	5.7	27.7	14.7	5.8
Mining		25.3	6.8	1.0	7.2	–6.7	0.1	–1.1
Hydrocarbons, electricity, and water		–1.4	–3.3	–0.3	1.0	–5.9	11.3	0.8
Manufacturing		4.8	4.4	6.5	6.0	11.1	4.1	8.0
	Food processing	4.7	1.8	4.2	–6.1	15.0	6.3	14.4
	Construction materials and glass	1.1	4.9	8.0	7.2	7.8	1.5	4.3
	Mechanical and electrical industries	0.4	–0.5	4.1	7.4	9.6	3.8	3.9
	Chemical and rubber industries	14.9	8.4	12.6	3.8	4.6	2.9	4.8
	Textiles, clothing, and leather	5.6	7.6	8.0	13.5	14.9	4.0	8.3
	Woodwork, paper, and other	4.2	5.2	5.1	7.4	6.1	4.8	7.8
	Manufacturing, excluding food processing	4.8	5.2	7.2	9.3	10.2	3.5	6.5
Construction and public works		–13.2	–4.8	–4.6	11.9	15.3	1.0	8.6
Services		1.4	6.4	8.0	2.7	3.3	—	10.1
	Transport and telecommunications	–3.2	9.8	6.4	5.0	3.7	1.8	12.5
	Tourism	–0.7	37.2	11.6	–2.8	–0.8	–29.6	53.9
	Commerce and other services	2.8	3.5	10.2	2.5	3.7	2.1	7.5
	Government wages and salaries	1.2	2.5	3.2	4.0	3.8	4.6	4.2
Indirect taxes minus subsidies		0.8	6.7	0.1	1.9	8.1	2.1	8.5
GDP (at constant market prices)		–1.1	6.7	0.1	3.7	7.6	3.9	8.0

Source: Ministry of Planning and Regional Development.

^¹On the basis of values in constant 1980 prices for 1986 and in constant 1990 prices for the subsequent years.

Table A2.

Supply and Use of Resources—Real Growth Rates¹

(In percent)

Source: Ministry of Planning and Regional Development.

^¹On the basis of values in constant 1980 prices for 1986 and in constant 1990 prices for the subsequent years.

^²Includes all economic agents except the Central Government.

Table A2.

Supply and Use of Resources—Real Growth Rates¹

(In percent)

		1986	1987	1988	1989	1990	1991	1992
Consumption		1.1	1.3	1.3	4.0	6.3	3.2	5.7
	Private sector²	2.0	1.8	2.8	3.6	7.2	2.6	6.0
	Central Government	–3.7	–0.1	–6.7	6.8	1.2	6.9	4.5
Gross fixed capital formation		–17.5	–10.1	–4.0	12.4	17.5	1.6	21.1
Domestic demand		–3.5	0.7	–1.5	7.9	10.7	1.3	9.2
Exports of goods and nonfactor services		5.2	13.4	21.5	5.0	1.8	–3.8	13.1
Imports of goods and nonfactor services		–2.1	–3.5	16.1	14.6	8.9	–8.3	15.5
GDP (at constant market prices)		–1.1	6.7	0.1	3.7	7.6	3.9	8.0

Source: Ministry of Planning and Regional Development.

^¹On the basis of values in constant 1980 prices for 1986 and in constant 1990 prices for the subsequent years.

^²Includes all economic agents except the Central Government.

Table A2.

Supply and Use of Resources—Real Growth Rates¹

(In percent)

		1986	1987	1988	1989	1990	1991	1992
Consumption		1.1	1.3	1.3	4.0	6.3	3.2	5.7
	Private sector²	2.0	1.8	2.8	3.6	7.2	2.6	6.0
	Central Government	–3.7	–0.1	–6.7	6.8	1.2	6.9	4.5
Gross fixed capital formation		–17.5	–10.1	–4.0	12.4	17.5	1.6	21.1
Domestic demand		–3.5	0.7	–1.5	7.9	10.7	1.3	9.2
Exports of goods and nonfactor services		5.2	13.4	21.5	5.0	1.8	–3.8	13.1
Imports of goods and nonfactor services		–2.1	–3.5	16.1	14.6	8.9	–8.3	15.5
GDP (at constant market prices)		–1.1	6.7	0.1	3.7	7.6	3.9	8.0

Source: Ministry of Planning and Regional Development.

^¹On the basis of values in constant 1980 prices for 1986 and in constant 1990 prices for the subsequent years.

^²Includes all economic agents except the Central Government.

Table A3.

Sectoral Distribution of GDP

(In millions of dinars; at current prices)

Source: Ministry of Planning and Regional Development.

Table A3.

Sectoral Distribution of GDP

(In millions of dinars; at current prices)

		1986	1987	1988	1989	1990	1991	1992
Agriculture and fishing		933.0	1,226.0	1,018.0	1,172.0	1,587.0	1,928.0	2,166.0
Mining		57.9	59.7	84.7	126.7	93.3	88.2	77.8
Hydrocarbons, electricity, and water		646.1	745.3	763.3	843.1	819.7	860.9	899.7
Manufacturing		920.1	1,049.6	1,210.6	1,387.0	1,641.2	1,835.6	2,093.7
	Food processing	216.6	231.5	257.4	265.0	320.8	365.5	445.2
	Construction materials and glass	151.1	165.4	193.7	218.9	247.1	270.4	297.2
	Mechanical and electrical industries	134.8	147.4	163.4	190.0	222.3	250.5	267.8
	Chemical and rubber industries	42.6	57.6	86.0	99.7	102.5	111.5	118.2
	Textiles, clothing, and leather	236.8	291.5	333.7	411.4	517.4	576.4	665.8
	Woodwork, paper, and other	138.2	156.2	176.4	202.0	231.1	261.3	299.5
	Manufacturing, excluding food processing	703.5	818.1	953.2	1,122.0	1,320.4	1,470.1	1,648.5
Construction and public works		378.4	367.6	378.0	441.4	540.0	588.0	677.6
Services		3,150.5	3,536.8	4,132.4	4,612.8	5,047.8	5,426.3	6,291.2
	Transport and telecommunications	379.3	471.4	569.1	618.0	666.5	720.5	864.3
	Tourism	210.0	304.2	374.0	407.0	432.0	332.0	500.0
	Commerce and other services	1,691.8	1,820.5	2,160.9	2,387.6	2,641.3	2,875.8	2,662.9
	Government services	869.4	940.7	1,028.4	1,200.2	1,308.0	1,498.0	1,675.0
	GDP at factor cost	6,086.0	6,985.0	7,587.0	8,583.0	9,729.0	10,727.0	12,206.0
Indirect taxes minus subsidies		935.0	1,012.0	1,098.0	1,078.0	1,261.0	1,467.0	1,722.0
	GDP at market prices	7,021.0	7,997.0	8,685.0	9,661.0	10,990.0	12,194.0	13,928.0

Source: Ministry of Planning and Regional Development.

Table A3.

Sectoral Distribution of GDP

(In millions of dinars; at current prices)

		1986	1987	1988	1989	1990	1991	1992
Agriculture and fishing		933.0	1,226.0	1,018.0	1,172.0	1,587.0	1,928.0	2,166.0
Mining		57.9	59.7	84.7	126.7	93.3	88.2	77.8
Hydrocarbons, electricity, and water		646.1	745.3	763.3	843.1	819.7	860.9	899.7
Manufacturing		920.1	1,049.6	1,210.6	1,387.0	1,641.2	1,835.6	2,093.7
	Food processing	216.6	231.5	257.4	265.0	320.8	365.5	445.2
	Construction materials and glass	151.1	165.4	193.7	218.9	247.1	270.4	297.2
	Mechanical and electrical industries	134.8	147.4	163.4	190.0	222.3	250.5	267.8
	Chemical and rubber industries	42.6	57.6	86.0	99.7	102.5	111.5	118.2
	Textiles, clothing, and leather	236.8	291.5	333.7	411.4	517.4	576.4	665.8
	Woodwork, paper, and other	138.2	156.2	176.4	202.0	231.1	261.3	299.5
	Manufacturing, excluding food processing	703.5	818.1	953.2	1,122.0	1,320.4	1,470.1	1,648.5
Construction and public works		378.4	367.6	378.0	441.4	540.0	588.0	677.6
Services		3,150.5	3,536.8	4,132.4	4,612.8	5,047.8	5,426.3	6,291.2
	Transport and telecommunications	379.3	471.4	569.1	618.0	666.5	720.5	864.3
	Tourism	210.0	304.2	374.0	407.0	432.0	332.0	500.0
	Commerce and other services	1,691.8	1,820.5	2,160.9	2,387.6	2,641.3	2,875.8	2,662.9
	Government services	869.4	940.7	1,028.4	1,200.2	1,308.0	1,498.0	1,675.0
	GDP at factor cost	6,086.0	6,985.0	7,587.0	8,583.0	9,729.0	10,727.0	12,206.0
Indirect taxes minus subsidies		935.0	1,012.0	1,098.0	1,078.0	1,261.0	1,467.0	1,722.0
	GDP at market prices	7,021.0	7,997.0	8,685.0	9,661.0	10,990.0	12,194.0	13,928.0

Source: Ministry of Planning and Regional Development.

Table A4.

Supply and Use of Resources

Source: Ministry of Planning and Regional Development.

^¹Includes all economic agents except the Central Government

Table A4.

Supply and Use of Resources

		1986	1987	1988	1989	1990	1991	1992
		(In millions of dinars; at current prices)
Consumption		5,882.0	6,429.0	6,969.0	7,860.0	8,887.0	9,947.0	11,087.0
	Private sector¹	4,955.0	5,438.0	5,970.0	6,703.0	7,642.2	8,503.2	9,496.7
	Central Government	927.0	991.0	999.0	1,157.0	1,244.8	1,443.8	1,590.3
Gross fixed capital formation		1,685.0	1,620.0	1,680.0	2,000.0	2,515.0	2,727.0	3,492.4
	Private sector¹	1,291.0	1,299.0	1,232.0	1,597.0	2,016.6	2,030.0	2,932.4
	Central Government	394.0	321.0	448.0	403.0	498.4	697.0	560.0
Changes in stocks		–36.0	27.0	5.0	182.0	381.3	109.5	314.1
Domestic demand		7,531.0	8,067.0	8,654.0	10,042.0	11,783.3	12,783.5	14,893.5
Net exports of goods and nonfactor services		–510.0	–79.0	31.0	–381.0	–793.3	–589.5	–965.5
	Exports of goods and nonfactor services	2,161.0	2,799.0	3,639.0	4,254.0	4,591.9	4,710.9	5,291.4
	Imports of goods and nonfactor services	2,671.0	2,878.0	3,608.0	4,634.0	5,385.2	5,300.4	6,256.9
GDP at market prices		7,021.0	7,997.0	8,685.0	9,661.0	10,990.0	12,194.0	13,928.0
Net factor income from abroad		–50.0	–2.0	52.0	66.0	213.1	54.2	136.2
	GNP at market prices	6,971.0	7,995.0	8,737.0	9,727.0	11,203.0	12,248.0	14,164.0
Memorandum items:		(In percent of GDP)
Gross investment		23.5	20.6	19.4	22.6	26.4	23.3	27.3
Gross domestic savings		16.2	19.6	19.8	18.6	19.1	18.4	20.4
Gross national savings		15.5	19.6	20.4	19.3	21.1	18.9	21.4
Savings-investment gap		–8.0	–1.0	1.0	–3.3	–5.3	–4.4	–6.0
	Private sector¹	–10.2	–2.6	0.8	–1.8	–4.8	–1.3	–5.9
	Central Government	2.2	1.6	0.1	–1.4	–0.5	–3.1	–0.1

Source: Ministry of Planning and Regional Development.

^¹Includes all economic agents except the Central Government

Table A4.

Supply and Use of Resources

		1986	1987	1988	1989	1990	1991	1992
		(In millions of dinars; at current prices)
Consumption		5,882.0	6,429.0	6,969.0	7,860.0	8,887.0	9,947.0	11,087.0
	Private sector¹	4,955.0	5,438.0	5,970.0	6,703.0	7,642.2	8,503.2	9,496.7
	Central Government	927.0	991.0	999.0	1,157.0	1,244.8	1,443.8	1,590.3
Gross fixed capital formation		1,685.0	1,620.0	1,680.0	2,000.0	2,515.0	2,727.0	3,492.4
	Private sector¹	1,291.0	1,299.0	1,232.0	1,597.0	2,016.6	2,030.0	2,932.4
	Central Government	394.0	321.0	448.0	403.0	498.4	697.0	560.0
Changes in stocks		–36.0	27.0	5.0	182.0	381.3	109.5	314.1
Domestic demand		7,531.0	8,067.0	8,654.0	10,042.0	11,783.3	12,783.5	14,893.5
Net exports of goods and nonfactor services		–510.0	–79.0	31.0	–381.0	–793.3	–589.5	–965.5
	Exports of goods and nonfactor services	2,161.0	2,799.0	3,639.0	4,254.0	4,591.9	4,710.9	5,291.4
	Imports of goods and nonfactor services	2,671.0	2,878.0	3,608.0	4,634.0	5,385.2	5,300.4	6,256.9
GDP at market prices		7,021.0	7,997.0	8,685.0	9,661.0	10,990.0	12,194.0	13,928.0
Net factor income from abroad		–50.0	–2.0	52.0	66.0	213.1	54.2	136.2
	GNP at market prices	6,971.0	7,995.0	8,737.0	9,727.0	11,203.0	12,248.0	14,164.0
Memorandum items:		(In percent of GDP)
Gross investment		23.5	20.6	19.4	22.6	26.4	23.3	27.3
Gross domestic savings		16.2	19.6	19.8	18.6	19.1	18.4	20.4
Gross national savings		15.5	19.6	20.4	19.3	21.1	18.9	21.4
Savings-investment gap		–8.0	–1.0	1.0	–3.3	–5.3	–4.4	–6.0
	Private sector¹	–10.2	–2.6	0.8	–1.8	–4.8	–1.3	–5.9
	Central Government	2.2	1.6	0.1	–1.4	–0.5	–3.1	–0.1

Source: Ministry of Planning and Regional Development.

^¹Includes all economic agents except the Central Government

Table A5.

Production of Major Agricultural Crops

(In thousands of metric tons)

Source: Ministry of Agriculture.

Table A5.

Production of Major Agricultural Crops

(In thousands of metric tons)

		1987	1988	1989	1990	1991	1992
Cereals		1,929	290	635	1,633	2,551	2,195
	Hard wheat	1,065	167	333	897	1,424	1,323
	Soft wheat	295	53	87	225	363	261
	Barley	569	70	215	511	765	611
Fruits and vegetables
	Citrus fruit	250	230	260	237	226	185
	Dates	66	70	75	81	75	75
	Tomatoes	485	400	440	530	580	550
	Red peppers	150	120	110	175	180	190
	Potatoes	188	180	180	217	220	218
	Melons and watermelons	350	250	250	450	350	380
	Almonds	46	30	38	52	40	45
	Table grapes	55	47	55	40	55	60
Olives for oil		570	500	270	650	825	1,400
Other
	Meat	125	133	130	132	136	141
	Sugar beets	303	256	230	289	210	291
	Milk	356	370	380	400	419	449
	Fish	100	103	95	88	88	90

Source: Ministry of Agriculture.

Table A5.

Production of Major Agricultural Crops

(In thousands of metric tons)

		1987	1988	1989	1990	1991	1992
Cereals		1,929	290	635	1,633	2,551	2,195
	Hard wheat	1,065	167	333	897	1,424	1,323
	Soft wheat	295	53	87	225	363	261
	Barley	569	70	215	511	765	611
Fruits and vegetables
	Citrus fruit	250	230	260	237	226	185
	Dates	66	70	75	81	75	75
	Tomatoes	485	400	440	530	580	550
	Red peppers	150	120	110	175	180	190
	Potatoes	188	180	180	217	220	218
	Melons and watermelons	350	250	250	450	350	380
	Almonds	46	30	38	52	40	45
	Table grapes	55	47	55	40	55	60
Olives for oil		570	500	270	650	825	1,400
Other
	Meat	125	133	130	132	136	141
	Sugar beets	303	256	230	289	210	291
	Milk	356	370	380	400	419	449
	Fish	100	103	95	88	88	90

Source: Ministry of Agriculture.

Table A6.

Supply and Use of Cereals¹

(In thousands of metric tons)

Source: Ministry of Agriculture; and Central Bank of Tunisia.

^¹By crop year (July/June).

^²Commercialization of the previous year’s crop.

^³Officially controlled consumption.

^⁴D/t, dinars per ton.

^⁵lndex 1980 = 100. Nominal producer prices deflated by the consumer price index.

Table A6.

Supply and Use of Cereals¹

(In thousands of metric tons)

			1985/86	1986/87	1987/88	1988/89	1989/90	1990/91	1991/92
Hard wheat
	Production		378.0	1,065.1	167.1	333.3	897.2	1,423.5	1,323.1
	Commercialization²		429.0	190.6	537.7	134.8	288.1	483.7	772.4
		(In percent of previous year)	(40.1)	(50.4)	(50.5)	(80.7)	(86.4)	(53.9)	(54.3)
	Imports		274.0	307.6	525.2	431.1	100.0	127.5	—
	Consumption³		587.0	637.0	720.0	778.0	649.0	686.0	753.0
	Change in stocks		–37.0	32.0	82.0	67.0	…	…	…
	Producer price (D/t)⁴		160.0	185.0	210.0	225.0	245.0	245.0	260.0
	Real producer price index⁵		111.3	119.2	127.4	126.7	129.6	120.2	120.9
Soft wheat
	Production		96.0	291.8	52.9	87.0	224.6	362.6	231.0
	Commercialization²		177.0	75.8	222.2	38.1	68.1	132.3	228.2
		(In percent of previous year)	(56.9)	(79.0)	(75.4)	(72.5)	(78.3)	(58.9)	(62.9)
	Imports		634.0	423.1	637.3	597.4	621.7	487.6	623.1
	Consumption³		667.0	566.4	695.0	730.8	722.0	725.6	855.1
	Change in stocks		61.0	113.0	148.0	20.0	…	…	…
	Producer price (D/t)		160.0	170.0	190.0	199.0	209.0	209.0	225.0
	Real producer price index⁵		124.3	122.3	128.7	125.1	123.3	114.4	116.8
Barley
	Production		118.0	536.5	62.9	199.8	477.5	720.5	569.8
	Commercialization²		177.0	12.1	210.8	6.6	29.4	143.4	291.6
		(In percent of previous year)	(26.0)	(10.2)	(39.3)	(10.5)	(14.7)	(30.0)	(40.5)
	Imports		110.0	22.0	485.5	169.2	125.7	—	—
	Consumption³		76.0	48.0	471.0	239.2	127.3	136.5	236.2
	Change in stocks		84.0	–67.0	97.0	–53.0	…	…	…
	Producer price (D/t)		110.0	120.0	140.0	145.0	150.0	150.0	150.0
	Real producer price index⁵		115.0	112.6	123.8	114.8	115.1	106.8	101.2

Source: Ministry of Agriculture; and Central Bank of Tunisia.

^¹By crop year (July/June).

^²Commercialization of the previous year’s crop.

^³Officially controlled consumption.

^⁴D/t, dinars per ton.

^⁵lndex 1980 = 100. Nominal producer prices deflated by the consumer price index.

Table A6.

Supply and Use of Cereals¹

(In thousands of metric tons)

			1985/86	1986/87	1987/88	1988/89	1989/90	1990/91	1991/92
Hard wheat
	Production		378.0	1,065.1	167.1	333.3	897.2	1,423.5	1,323.1
	Commercialization²		429.0	190.6	537.7	134.8	288.1	483.7	772.4
		(In percent of previous year)	(40.1)	(50.4)	(50.5)	(80.7)	(86.4)	(53.9)	(54.3)
	Imports		274.0	307.6	525.2	431.1	100.0	127.5	—
	Consumption³		587.0	637.0	720.0	778.0	649.0	686.0	753.0
	Change in stocks		–37.0	32.0	82.0	67.0	…	…	…
	Producer price (D/t)⁴		160.0	185.0	210.0	225.0	245.0	245.0	260.0
	Real producer price index⁵		111.3	119.2	127.4	126.7	129.6	120.2	120.9
Soft wheat
	Production		96.0	291.8	52.9	87.0	224.6	362.6	231.0
	Commercialization²		177.0	75.8	222.2	38.1	68.1	132.3	228.2
		(In percent of previous year)	(56.9)	(79.0)	(75.4)	(72.5)	(78.3)	(58.9)	(62.9)
	Imports		634.0	423.1	637.3	597.4	621.7	487.6	623.1
	Consumption³		667.0	566.4	695.0	730.8	722.0	725.6	855.1
	Change in stocks		61.0	113.0	148.0	20.0	…	…	…
	Producer price (D/t)		160.0	170.0	190.0	199.0	209.0	209.0	225.0
	Real producer price index⁵		124.3	122.3	128.7	125.1	123.3	114.4	116.8
Barley
	Production		118.0	536.5	62.9	199.8	477.5	720.5	569.8
	Commercialization²		177.0	12.1	210.8	6.6	29.4	143.4	291.6
		(In percent of previous year)	(26.0)	(10.2)	(39.3)	(10.5)	(14.7)	(30.0)	(40.5)
	Imports		110.0	22.0	485.5	169.2	125.7	—	—
	Consumption³		76.0	48.0	471.0	239.2	127.3	136.5	236.2
	Change in stocks		84.0	–67.0	97.0	–53.0	…	…	…
	Producer price (D/t)		110.0	120.0	140.0	145.0	150.0	150.0	150.0
	Real producer price index⁵		115.0	112.6	123.8	114.8	115.1	106.8	101.2

Source: Ministry of Agriculture; and Central Bank of Tunisia.

^¹By crop year (July/June).

^²Commercialization of the previous year’s crop.

^³Officially controlled consumption.

^⁴D/t, dinars per ton.

^⁵lndex 1980 = 100. Nominal producer prices deflated by the consumer price index.

Table A7.

Producer Prices of Principal Agricultural Commodities¹

(In dinars per ton)

Source: Ministry of Agriculture; and Central Bank of Tunisia.

^¹For crop year (July/June).

Table A7.

Producer Prices of Principal Agricultural Commodities¹

(In dinars per ton)

		1986	1987	1988	1989	1990	1991	1992
Cereals
	Hard wheat	160.0	185.0	210.0	225.0	245.0	245.0	260.0
	Soft wheat	160.0	170.0	190.0	199.0	209.0	209.0	225.0
	Barley	110.0	120.0	140.0	145.0	150.0	150.0	150.0
Sugar beets		33.0	33.0	33.0	35.7	35.7	38.7	47.5
Olives for oil
	High grade	980.0	1,100.0	1,250.0	1,500.0	1,710.0	1,750.0	1,750.0
	Low grade	750.0	870.0	1,000.0	1,260.0	1,360.0	1,390.0	1,390.0
Tomatoes		58.0	60.0	65.0	70.0	70.0	70.0	70.0

Source: Ministry of Agriculture; and Central Bank of Tunisia.

^¹For crop year (July/June).

Table A7.

Producer Prices of Principal Agricultural Commodities¹

(In dinars per ton)

		1986	1987	1988	1989	1990	1991	1992
Cereals
	Hard wheat	160.0	185.0	210.0	225.0	245.0	245.0	260.0
	Soft wheat	160.0	170.0	190.0	199.0	209.0	209.0	225.0
	Barley	110.0	120.0	140.0	145.0	150.0	150.0	150.0
Sugar beets		33.0	33.0	33.0	35.7	35.7	38.7	47.5
Olives for oil
	High grade	980.0	1,100.0	1,250.0	1,500.0	1,710.0	1,750.0	1,750.0
	Low grade	750.0	870.0	1,000.0	1,260.0	1,360.0	1,390.0	1,390.0
Tomatoes		58.0	60.0	65.0	70.0	70.0	70.0	70.0

Source: Ministry of Agriculture; and Central Bank of Tunisia.

^¹For crop year (July/June).

Table A8.

Energy Production and Consumption

Source: Ministry of Energy and Mining.

^¹In thousands of tons of oil equivalent

^²Including imports.

^³Production by the state company (excluding production by private plants).

Table A8.

Energy Production and Consumption

									1992
			1986	1987	1988	1989	1990	1991	Prel.
			(In thousands of metric tons)
A.	Production		6,075	5,679	5,819	5,907	5,430	6,122	6,200
	Crude petroleum		5,247	4,987	4,908	4,927	4,503	5,195	5,199
	Gas¹		828	679	911	977	818	927	1,001
		Production	459	363	394	422	274	238	238
		Royalties	369	316	517	555	544	689	763
B.	Consumption²		3,479	3,708	3,947	4,118	4,146	4,287	4,633
	Liquefied petroleum gas		181	204	206	223	263	250	269
	Gas		971	1,027	956	986	1,058	1,096	1,135
	Fuel oil		1,186	1,055	1,163	906	1,030	1,450	1,215
	Lighting oil		139	143	149	148	146	134	148
	Gasoline		219	238	233	247	277	272	286
	Jet fuel		92	101	169	185	186	133	190
	Natural gas¹		691	940	1,071	1,423	1,186	952	1,391
Surplus (A – B)			2,596	1,971	1,872	1,789	1,284	1,835	1,567
			(In millions of kilowatt-hours)
Electricity production³			3,792	4,016	4,278	4,485	4,863	5,096	5,479

Source: Ministry of Energy and Mining.

^¹In thousands of tons of oil equivalent

^²Including imports.

^³Production by the state company (excluding production by private plants).

Table A8.

Energy Production and Consumption

									1992
			1986	1987	1988	1989	1990	1991	Prel.
			(In thousands of metric tons)
A.	Production		6,075	5,679	5,819	5,907	5,430	6,122	6,200
	Crude petroleum		5,247	4,987	4,908	4,927	4,503	5,195	5,199
	Gas¹		828	679	911	977	818	927	1,001
		Production	459	363	394	422	274	238	238
		Royalties	369	316	517	555	544	689	763
B.	Consumption²		3,479	3,708	3,947	4,118	4,146	4,287	4,633
	Liquefied petroleum gas		181	204	206	223	263	250	269
	Gas		971	1,027	956	986	1,058	1,096	1,135
	Fuel oil		1,186	1,055	1,163	906	1,030	1,450	1,215
	Lighting oil		139	143	149	148	146	134	148
	Gasoline		219	238	233	247	277	272	286
	Jet fuel		92	101	169	185	186	133	190
	Natural gas¹		691	940	1,071	1,423	1,186	952	1,391
Surplus (A – B)			2,596	1,971	1,872	1,789	1,284	1,835	1,567
			(In millions of kilowatt-hours)
Electricity production³			3,792	4,016	4,278	4,485	4,863	5,096	5,479

Source: Ministry of Energy and Mining.

^¹In thousands of tons of oil equivalent

^²Including imports.

^³Production by the state company (excluding production by private plants).

Table A9.

Indicators of Tourist Activity

Sources: National Tourist Board; and Central Bank of Tunisia.

Table A9.

Indicators of Tourist Activity

								1992
		1986	1987	1988	1989	1990	1991	Prel.
Annual fixed investment in tourism
	(in millions of dinars)	81.0	65.0	84.0	109.0	121.0	143.0	204.0
Accommodation available
	(in thousands of beds)	98.7	100.5	104.9	109.8	116.5	123.2	135.6
Number of foreign visitors
	(in thousands)	1,502.0	1,874.7	3,468.0	3,222.2	3,204.0	3,224.0	3,540.0
Visitor bed-nights
	(in thousands)	13,734.0	18,556.7	20,661.0	20,126.0	20,019.0	13,793.0	21,718.1

	Of which: Foreigners	12,550.0	17,516.0	19,602.0	19,011.0	18,841.0	12,443.0	20,206.2
Average length of stay
	(in days)	8.4	9.3	5.7	5.9	5.9	3.9	5.7
Average occupancy rate
	(in percent)	45.5	58.8	62.2	57.6	54.0	37.6	52.0
Tourism receipts
	(in millions of dinars)	385.0	569.0	1,086.1	880.7	827.8	630.3	932.5
Daily expenditure per tourist
	(in dinars)	30.7	32.5	55.4	46.3	43.9	50.7	46.1

Sources: National Tourist Board; and Central Bank of Tunisia.

Table A9.

Indicators of Tourist Activity

								1992
		1986	1987	1988	1989	1990	1991	Prel.
Annual fixed investment in tourism
	(in millions of dinars)	81.0	65.0	84.0	109.0	121.0	143.0	204.0
Accommodation available
	(in thousands of beds)	98.7	100.5	104.9	109.8	116.5	123.2	135.6
Number of foreign visitors
	(in thousands)	1,502.0	1,874.7	3,468.0	3,222.2	3,204.0	3,224.0	3,540.0
Visitor bed-nights
	(in thousands)	13,734.0	18,556.7	20,661.0	20,126.0	20,019.0	13,793.0	21,718.1

	Of which: Foreigners	12,550.0	17,516.0	19,602.0	19,011.0	18,841.0	12,443.0	20,206.2
Average length of stay
	(in days)	8.4	9.3	5.7	5.9	5.9	3.9	5.7
Average occupancy rate
	(in percent)	45.5	58.8	62.2	57.6	54.0	37.6	52.0
Tourism receipts
	(in millions of dinars)	385.0	569.0	1,086.1	880.7	827.8	630.3	932.5
Daily expenditure per tourist
	(in dinars)	30.7	32.5	55.4	46.3	43.9	50.7	46.1

Sources: National Tourist Board; and Central Bank of Tunisia.

Table A10.

Consumer Price Index

(Annual averages; 1983 = 100)

Source: Tunisian authorities.

Table A10.

Consumer Price Index

(Annual averages; 1983 = 100)

		Weights
		In percent	1986	1987	1988	1989	1990	1991	1992
Food		42.8	127.2	136.4	148.3	161.5	172.2	186.3	193.7
Housing		20.6	116.9	125.9	133.5	141.3	148.9	157.3	167.2
Clothing		10.8	128.4	139.9	152.3	172.6	187.9	204.3	219.5
Health		6.8	122.7	135.1	142.4	146.6	153.0	162.9	173.9
Transportation		8.0	123.5	140.7	146.7	152.9	165.2	184.3	199.4
Other (including services)		11.0	121.6	130.2	135.9	144.1	152.3	163.4	172.7
General index		100.0	124.0	134.2	143.8	154.9	165.0	177.9	187.8
	Percent change		6.2	8.2	7.2	7.7	6.5	7.8	5.5
December-December			7.1	6.9	8.4	6.7	6.8	7.1	5.0

Source: Tunisian authorities.

Table A10.

Consumer Price Index

(Annual averages; 1983 = 100)

		Weights
		In percent	1986	1987	1988	1989	1990	1991	1992
Food		42.8	127.2	136.4	148.3	161.5	172.2	186.3	193.7
Housing		20.6	116.9	125.9	133.5	141.3	148.9	157.3	167.2
Clothing		10.8	128.4	139.9	152.3	172.6	187.9	204.3	219.5
Health		6.8	122.7	135.1	142.4	146.6	153.0	162.9	173.9
Transportation		8.0	123.5	140.7	146.7	152.9	165.2	184.3	199.4
Other (including services)		11.0	121.6	130.2	135.9	144.1	152.3	163.4	172.7
General index		100.0	124.0	134.2	143.8	154.9	165.0	177.9	187.8
	Percent change		6.2	8.2	7.2	7.7	6.5	7.8	5.5
December-December			7.1	6.9	8.4	6.7	6.8	7.1	5.0

Source: Tunisian authorities.

Table A11.

Consumer Price Index by Price Regime

(Percent change, December-December)

Source: Tunisian authorities.

^¹Regimes of fixed prices and controlled freedom were abolished at the beginning of 1992.

Table A11.

Consumer Price Index by Price Regime

(Percent change, December-December)

Price regime		1986	1987	1988	1989	1990	1991	1992
Fixed prices		7.6	3.5	3.0	7.3	7.0	7.1	…¹
Homologation		10.6	8.8	11.1	14.8	7.8	5.3	5.8
Auto-homologation		10.5	7.8	7.0	7.2	3.6	4.5	4.8
Controlled freedom		10.3	3.5	6.0	5.7	7.7	9.7	…¹
Free prices		5.9	8.5	11.3	6.1	7.2	7.4	4.8
	Total	7.1	6.9	8.4	6.7	6.8	7.1	5.0

Source: Tunisian authorities.

^¹Regimes of fixed prices and controlled freedom were abolished at the beginning of 1992.

Table A11.

Consumer Price Index by Price Regime

(Percent change, December-December)

Price regime		1986	1987	1988	1989	1990	1991	1992
Fixed prices		7.6	3.5	3.0	7.3	7.0	7.1	…¹
Homologation		10.6	8.8	11.1	14.8	7.8	5.3	5.8
Auto-homologation		10.5	7.8	7.0	7.2	3.6	4.5	4.8
Controlled freedom		10.3	3.5	6.0	5.7	7.7	9.7	…¹
Free prices		5.9	8.5	11.3	6.1	7.2	7.4	4.8
	Total	7.1	6.9	8.4	6.7	6.8	7.1	5.0

Source: Tunisian authorities.

^¹Regimes of fixed prices and controlled freedom were abolished at the beginning of 1992.

Table A12.

Producer Price Index

(Annual averages; 1983 = 100)

Source: Tunisian authorities.

^¹Based on value added of each sector or subsector.

^²Over corresponding period in 1991.

Table A12.

Producer Price Index

(Annual averages; 1983 = 100)

		Weights¹							1992
		In percent	1986	1987	1988	1989	1990	1991	Jan.-Sept.
Manufacturing		47.1	124.0	134.1	146.7	158.2	167.7	174.5	178.4
	Food processing	10.3	124.6	132.2	135.8	145.9	159.9	169.5	178.8
	Construction materials and glass	7.6	118.1	120.7	133.7	137.5	144.4	157.2	161.3
	Mechanical and electrical products	7.0	120.6	137.9	152.0	168.0	180.4	184.7	185.3
	Chemicals and rubber	3.0	126.7	142.2	157.7	162.4	173.6	177.1	185.0
	Textiles, clothing, and leather	12.4	127.2	135.4	149.4	164.2	169.5	174.1	175.8
	Other manufacturing	6.8	125.7	142.9	163.6	178.1	186.3	190.5	191.8
Mining		4.9	104.4	107.5	112.1	140.0	132.8	140.8	128.7
Hydrocarbons		41.8	152.7	170.5	186.8	191.1	191.1	189.5	189.6
Electricity and water		6.2	113.8	119.2	122.5	125.8	128.3	134.1	135.3
	General index	100.0	134.4	147.2	160.2	169.1	173.3	176.4	178.0
	Percent change		10.5	9.5	8.8	5.6	2.5	1.8	1.0,²

Source: Tunisian authorities.

^¹Based on value added of each sector or subsector.

^²Over corresponding period in 1991.

Table A12.

Producer Price Index

(Annual averages; 1983 = 100)

		Weights¹							1992
		In percent	1986	1987	1988	1989	1990	1991	Jan.-Sept.
Manufacturing		47.1	124.0	134.1	146.7	158.2	167.7	174.5	178.4
	Food processing	10.3	124.6	132.2	135.8	145.9	159.9	169.5	178.8
	Construction materials and glass	7.6	118.1	120.7	133.7	137.5	144.4	157.2	161.3
	Mechanical and electrical products	7.0	120.6	137.9	152.0	168.0	180.4	184.7	185.3
	Chemicals and rubber	3.0	126.7	142.2	157.7	162.4	173.6	177.1	185.0
	Textiles, clothing, and leather	12.4	127.2	135.4	149.4	164.2	169.5	174.1	175.8
	Other manufacturing	6.8	125.7	142.9	163.6	178.1	186.3	190.5	191.8
Mining		4.9	104.4	107.5	112.1	140.0	132.8	140.8	128.7
Hydrocarbons		41.8	152.7	170.5	186.8	191.1	191.1	189.5	189.6
Electricity and water		6.2	113.8	119.2	122.5	125.8	128.3	134.1	135.3
	General index	100.0	134.4	147.2	160.2	169.1	173.3	176.4	178.0
	Percent change		10.5	9.5	8.8	5.6	2.5	1.8	1.0,²

Source: Tunisian authorities.

^¹Based on value added of each sector or subsector.

^²Over corresponding period in 1991.

Table A13.

Wage and Employment Indicators

Source: Ministry of Planning and Regional Development.

^¹Deflated by the average annual increase in the consumer price index.

^²Minimum wage in the agricultural sector.

^³Minimum wage in the nonagricultural sector.

Table A13.

Wage and Employment Indicators

		1986	1987	1988	1989	1990	1991	1992
Total wage bill (in millions of dinars)		2,441	2,555	2,755	3,075	3,330	3,736	4,139
	Percent change	4.0	4.7	7.8	11.6	8.3	12.2	10.8
Number of wage earners (in thousands)		1,147	1,172	1,203	1,237	1,268	1,294	1,330
Average annual wage (in dinars)		2,128	2,180	2,290	2,486	2,626	2,887	3,112
	Percent change	2.4	2.5	5.1	8.6	5.6	9.9	7.8
Real average annual wage
(percent change)¹		–3.8	–5.7	–2.1	0.9	–0.9	2.3	1.8
SMAG² (in dinars per day)		2.900	3.050	3.200	3.213	3.661	3.761	4.061
SMIG³ (in dinars per hour)		0.481	0.505	0.529	0.549	0.577	0.625	0.649
Consumer price index (percent change)		6.2	8.2	7.2	7.7	6.5	7.8	5.5

Source: Ministry of Planning and Regional Development.

^¹Deflated by the average annual increase in the consumer price index.

^²Minimum wage in the agricultural sector.

^³Minimum wage in the nonagricultural sector.

Table A13.

Wage and Employment Indicators

		1986	1987	1988	1989	1990	1991	1992
Total wage bill (in millions of dinars)		2,441	2,555	2,755	3,075	3,330	3,736	4,139
	Percent change	4.0	4.7	7.8	11.6	8.3	12.2	10.8
Number of wage earners (in thousands)		1,147	1,172	1,203	1,237	1,268	1,294	1,330
Average annual wage (in dinars)		2,128	2,180	2,290	2,486	2,626	2,887	3,112
	Percent change	2.4	2.5	5.1	8.6	5.6	9.9	7.8
Real average annual wage
(percent change)¹		–3.8	–5.7	–2.1	0.9	–0.9	2.3	1.8
SMAG² (in dinars per day)		2.900	3.050	3.200	3.213	3.661	3.761	4.061
SMIG³ (in dinars per hour)		0.481	0.505	0.529	0.549	0.577	0.625	0.649
Consumer price index (percent change)		6.2	8.2	7.2	7.7	6.5	7.8	5.5

Source: Ministry of Planning and Regional Development.

^¹Deflated by the average annual increase in the consumer price index.

^²Minimum wage in the agricultural sector.

^³Minimum wage in the nonagricultural sector.

Table A14.

Gross Fixed Investment by Economic Sector and Financing

(In millions of dinars)

Source: Ministry of Planning and Regional Development.

^¹Includes changes in stocks.

Table A14.

Gross Fixed Investment by Economic Sector and Financing

(In millions of dinars)

			1986	1987	1988	1989	1990	1991	1992
Agriculture and fishing			275	261	280	347	389	459	509
Industry			583	522	487	592	725	797	1,121
	Mining		29	17	26	31	33	33	32
	Hydrocarbons		153	132	116	108	152	188	451
	Electricity and water		111	99	79	83	106	107	146
	Manufacturing		290	274	266	370	434	469	492
		Food processing	24	31	38	42	72	73	79
		Construction materials and glass	75	74	49	54	66	77	80
		Mechanical and electrical goods	60	45	81	71	74	74	83
		Chemical and rubber products	85	56	18	23	33	30	44
		Textiles and leather products	26	53	63	132	145	160	140
		Woodwork and other	20	15	28	38	45	55	66
Construction and public infrastructure			544	570	571	624	738	821	908
	Housing		391	390	365	390	455	500	540
	Construction and public works		5	10	15	20	25	28	33
	Public infrastructure		148	170	191	214	258	293	335
Services			283	267	343	437	663	651	954
	Transport and communications		181	180	189	284	464	459	707
	Tourism		81	65	84	109	121	143	204
	Commerce and other		21	22	70	44	78	49	43
		Total	1,685	1,620	1,680	2,000	2,515	2,727	3,492
Central Government			394	321	449	403	498	697	560
Other public entities			552	571	377	575	792	643	…
Private enterprises and households			739	728	854	1,022	1,225	1,387	…
Financing requirements¹			1,649	1,647	1,685	2,182	2,896	2,837	3,807
	Gross national savings		1,089	1,566	1,768	1,867	2,316	2,301	2,977
		(In percent of GNP)	15.6	19.6	20.2	19.2	20.7	18.8	21.0
	Foreign resources		560	81	–83	315	580	535	829
		(In percent of GNP)	8.0	1.0	–1.0	3.2	5.2	4.4	5.9

Source: Ministry of Planning and Regional Development.

^¹Includes changes in stocks.

Table A14.

Gross Fixed Investment by Economic Sector and Financing

(In millions of dinars)

			1986	1987	1988	1989	1990	1991	1992
Agriculture and fishing			275	261	280	347	389	459	509
Industry			583	522	487	592	725	797	1,121
	Mining		29	17	26	31	33	33	32
	Hydrocarbons		153	132	116	108	152	188	451
	Electricity and water		111	99	79	83	106	107	146
	Manufacturing		290	274	266	370	434	469	492
		Food processing	24	31	38	42	72	73	79
		Construction materials and glass	75	74	49	54	66	77	80
		Mechanical and electrical goods	60	45	81	71	74	74	83
		Chemical and rubber products	85	56	18	23	33	30	44
		Textiles and leather products	26	53	63	132	145	160	140
		Woodwork and other	20	15	28	38	45	55	66
Construction and public infrastructure			544	570	571	624	738	821	908
	Housing		391	390	365	390	455	500	540
	Construction and public works		5	10	15	20	25	28	33
	Public infrastructure		148	170	191	214	258	293	335
Services			283	267	343	437	663	651	954
	Transport and communications		181	180	189	284	464	459	707
	Tourism		81	65	84	109	121	143	204
	Commerce and other		21	22	70	44	78	49	43
		Total	1,685	1,620	1,680	2,000	2,515	2,727	3,492
Central Government			394	321	449	403	498	697	560
Other public entities			552	571	377	575	792	643	…
Private enterprises and households			739	728	854	1,022	1,225	1,387	…
Financing requirements¹			1,649	1,647	1,685	2,182	2,896	2,837	3,807
	Gross national savings		1,089	1,566	1,768	1,867	2,316	2,301	2,977
		(In percent of GNP)	15.6	19.6	20.2	19.2	20.7	18.8	21.0
	Foreign resources		560	81	–83	315	580	535	829
		(In percent of GNP)	8.0	1.0	–1.0	3.2	5.2	4.4	5.9

Source: Ministry of Planning and Regional Development.

^¹Includes changes in stocks.

Table A15.

Consolidated Financial Operations of the Central Government¹

Source: Ministry of Finance.

^¹Includes current and capital budgets, special funds, extrabudgetary operations financed abroad, net treasury operations, and social security funds. Data for and after 1988 are presented in a new classification consistent with the IMF’s Government Finance Statistics format. This change in classification slightly affects gross levels of revenue and expenditure, but not the deficit.

^²Revised data.

^³Provisional data.

^⁴Including payment float, errors, and omissions.

Table A15.

Consolidated Financial Operations of the Central Government¹

				1986	1987	1988	1989	1990	1991²	1992³
				(In millions of dinars)
Total revenue and grants				2,430.0	2,548.7	2,743.6	3,071.1	3,356.3	3,523.9	4,085.3
	Total revenue			2,425.9	2,532.7	2,713.2	2,927.9	3,286.2	3,491.4	4,031.2
		Tax revenue		1,877.7	1,896.8	2,002.9	2,257.8	2,551.4	2,874.6	3,294.0
			Taxes on foreign trade	606.2	632.4	730.6	816.7	888.5	954.5	1,111.9
			Other taxes	1,271.5	1,264.4	1,272.3	1,441.1	1,662.9	1,920.1	2,182.1
		Nontax revenue		548.2	635.9	710.3	670.1	734.8	616.8	737.2
			Petroleum sector	312.7	352.3	388.3	393.9	392.9	254.4	296.0
			Other nontax revenue	235.5	283.6	322.0	276.2	341.9	362.4	441.2
	Grants			4.1	16.0	30.4	143.2	70.1	32.5	54.1
Total expenditure and net lending				2,750.5	2,878.5	3,130.2	3,482.8	3,787.1	4,178.7	4,445.0
	Total expenditure			2,584.9	2,718.1	3,057.9	3,418.1	3,743.3	4,202.3	4,381.3
		Current expenditure		1,877.1	2,084.4	2,255.6	2,693.3	2,862.9	3,176.1	3,490.4
			Wages and salaries	743.8	778.6	833.7	949.7	1,013.5	1,158.1	1,301.8
			Goods and services	182.7	212.1	165.4	207.5	231.3	285.7	288.5
			Interest payments	223.6	245.1	278.1	316.7	341.3	416.1	435.4
			Foreign debt	174.0	187.0	213.9	239.1	249.0	258.0	247.3
			Domestic debt	49.6	58.1	64.2	77.6	92.3	158.1	188.1
			Subsidies and transfers	727.0	848.6	978.4	1,219.4	1,276.7	1,316.2	1,464.7
			Of which:
			Consumer subsidies	213.0	183.2	231.0	346.3	300.0	272.0	255.0
		Capital expenditure		707.8	633.7	802.3	724.8	880.4	1,026.2	890.9
			Direct investment	393.6	321.1	448.5	403.2	497.6	697.3	559.9
			Capital transfers and equity	314.2	312.6	353.8	321.6	382.8	328.9	331.0
	Net lending			165.6	160.4	72.3	64.7	43.8	–23.6	63.7
Overall deficit				–320.5	–329.8	–386.6	–411.7	–430.8	–654.8	–359.7
Financing				320.5	–329.8	386.6	411.7	430.8	654.8	359.7
	Foreign			213.7	100.6	140.4	117.7	75.0	319.2	22.4
		Drawings		470.6	393.6	466.8	520.9	538.0	799.4	579.0
			Budgetary	230.6	185.6	263.8	310.9	283.4	374.9	319.2
			Extrabudgetary	240.0	208.0	203.0	210.0	254.6	424.5	259.8
		Amortization		–256.9	–293.0	–326.4	–403.2	–463.0	–480.2	–556.6
	Domestic			106.8	229.2	246.2	294.0	355.8	335.6	337.3
			Banks	72.7	94.0	–44.0	45.0	85.0	45.0	–113.7
			Other⁴	34.1	135.2	290.2	249.0	270.8	290.6	451.0
Memorandum items:
GDP				7,021.0	7,997.0	8,685.0	9,661.0	10,990.0	12,194.0	13,928.0
Overall deficit, excluding grants				–324.6	–345.8	–417.0	–554.9	–500.9	–687.3	–413.8
Military expenditure				…	187.8	167.5	196.0	224.9	256.7	260.2
				(In percent of GDP)
			Revenue and grants	34.6	31.9	31.6	31.8	30.5	28.9	29.3
			Tax revenue	26.7	23.7	23.1	23.4	23.2	23.6	23.7
			Grants	0.1	0.2	0.3	1.4	0.6	0.2	0.4
			Expenditure and net lending	39.2	36.0	36.0	36.1	34.5	34.3	31.9
			Deficit, including grants	–4.6	–4.1	–4.5	–4.3	–3.9	–5.4	–2.6
			Deficit, excluding grants	–4.6	–4.3	–4.8	–5.7	–4.6	–5.6	–3.0

Source: Ministry of Finance.

^²Revised data.

^³Provisional data.

^⁴Including payment float, errors, and omissions.

Table A15.

Consolidated Financial Operations of the Central Government¹

				1986	1987	1988	1989	1990	1991²	1992³
				(In millions of dinars)
Total revenue and grants				2,430.0	2,548.7	2,743.6	3,071.1	3,356.3	3,523.9	4,085.3
	Total revenue			2,425.9	2,532.7	2,713.2	2,927.9	3,286.2	3,491.4	4,031.2
		Tax revenue		1,877.7	1,896.8	2,002.9	2,257.8	2,551.4	2,874.6	3,294.0
			Taxes on foreign trade	606.2	632.4	730.6	816.7	888.5	954.5	1,111.9
			Other taxes	1,271.5	1,264.4	1,272.3	1,441.1	1,662.9	1,920.1	2,182.1
		Nontax revenue		548.2	635.9	710.3	670.1	734.8	616.8	737.2
			Petroleum sector	312.7	352.3	388.3	393.9	392.9	254.4	296.0
			Other nontax revenue	235.5	283.6	322.0	276.2	341.9	362.4	441.2
	Grants			4.1	16.0	30.4	143.2	70.1	32.5	54.1
Total expenditure and net lending				2,750.5	2,878.5	3,130.2	3,482.8	3,787.1	4,178.7	4,445.0
	Total expenditure			2,584.9	2,718.1	3,057.9	3,418.1	3,743.3	4,202.3	4,381.3
		Current expenditure		1,877.1	2,084.4	2,255.6	2,693.3	2,862.9	3,176.1	3,490.4
			Wages and salaries	743.8	778.6	833.7	949.7	1,013.5	1,158.1	1,301.8
			Goods and services	182.7	212.1	165.4	207.5	231.3	285.7	288.5
			Interest payments	223.6	245.1	278.1	316.7	341.3	416.1	435.4
			Foreign debt	174.0	187.0	213.9	239.1	249.0	258.0	247.3
			Domestic debt	49.6	58.1	64.2	77.6	92.3	158.1	188.1
			Subsidies and transfers	727.0	848.6	978.4	1,219.4	1,276.7	1,316.2	1,464.7
			Of which:
			Consumer subsidies	213.0	183.2	231.0	346.3	300.0	272.0	255.0
		Capital expenditure		707.8	633.7	802.3	724.8	880.4	1,026.2	890.9
			Direct investment	393.6	321.1	448.5	403.2	497.6	697.3	559.9
			Capital transfers and equity	314.2	312.6	353.8	321.6	382.8	328.9	331.0
	Net lending			165.6	160.4	72.3	64.7	43.8	–23.6	63.7
Overall deficit				–320.5	–329.8	–386.6	–411.7	–430.8	–654.8	–359.7
Financing				320.5	–329.8	386.6	411.7	430.8	654.8	359.7
	Foreign			213.7	100.6	140.4	117.7	75.0	319.2	22.4
		Drawings		470.6	393.6	466.8	520.9	538.0	799.4	579.0
			Budgetary	230.6	185.6	263.8	310.9	283.4	374.9	319.2
			Extrabudgetary	240.0	208.0	203.0	210.0	254.6	424.5	259.8
		Amortization		–256.9	–293.0	–326.4	–403.2	–463.0	–480.2	–556.6
	Domestic			106.8	229.2	246.2	294.0	355.8	335.6	337.3
			Banks	72.7	94.0	–44.0	45.0	85.0	45.0	–113.7
			Other⁴	34.1	135.2	290.2	249.0	270.8	290.6	451.0
Memorandum items:
GDP				7,021.0	7,997.0	8,685.0	9,661.0	10,990.0	12,194.0	13,928.0
Overall deficit, excluding grants				–324.6	–345.8	–417.0	–554.9	–500.9	–687.3	–413.8
Military expenditure				…	187.8	167.5	196.0	224.9	256.7	260.2
				(In percent of GDP)
			Revenue and grants	34.6	31.9	31.6	31.8	30.5	28.9	29.3
			Tax revenue	26.7	23.7	23.1	23.4	23.2	23.6	23.7
			Grants	0.1	0.2	0.3	1.4	0.6	0.2	0.4
			Expenditure and net lending	39.2	36.0	36.0	36.1	34.5	34.3	31.9
			Deficit, including grants	–4.6	–4.1	–4.5	–4.3	–3.9	–5.4	–2.6
			Deficit, excluding grants	–4.6	–4.3	–4.8	–5.7	–4.6	–5.6	–3.0

Source: Ministry of Finance.

^²Revised data.

^³Provisional data.

^⁴Including payment float, errors, and omissions.

Table A16.

Consolidated Revenue and Grants of the Central Government

(In millions of dinars)

Source: Ministry of Finance.

^¹Provisional data.

^²Effective for 1990 incomes and profits, new tax rates were applied to individuals and companies.

^³Effective with the 1991 budget year, public sector petroleum companies are subject to the normal tax regime.

^⁴Effective July 1, 1988, the VAT replaced turnover taxes.

Table A16.

Consolidated Revenue and Grants of the Central Government

(In millions of dinars)

				1986	1987	1988	1989	1990	1991	1992¹
Revenue				2,425.9	2,532.7	2,713.2	2,927.9	3,286.2	3,491.4	4,031.2
			Tax revenue	1,877.7	1,896.8	2,002.9	2,257.8	2,551.4	2,874.6	3,294.0
			Taxes on income and profits²	336.5	335.0	325.9	378.1	404.7	501.2	560.4
			Of which: Petroleum sector³	74.2	52.2	55.5	56.9	50.3	82.2	74.7
			Social security contributions	245.3	220.9	227.7	325.3	391.9	426.3	502.3
			Taxes on payroll	32.3	44.1	27.6	31.3	39.4	33.9	38.1
			Property taxes	47.9	48.6	52.6	52.2	64.9	69.0	76.7
		Taxes on goods and services		560.4	572.5	585.1	607.0	715.4	834.9	944.2
			Turnover taxes and VAT⁴	239.1	273.9	252.5	209.7	272.2	316.7	371.4
			Excises	226.4	226.0	256.2	291.0	327.3	402.1	445.2
			Other	94.9	72.6	76.4	106.3	115.9	116.1	127.6
		Taxes on international trade and transactions		606.2	632.4	730.6	816.8	888.5	954.5	1,111.9
			Import taxes	589.4	599.6	710.4	794.0	868.0	935.3	1,094.0
			Export taxes	8.0	10.0	7.7	9.5	9.4	11.7	9.5
			Other	8.8	22.8	12.5	13.3	11.1	7.5	8.4
		Other tax revenue		49.1	43.3	53.4	47.1	46.6	54.8	60.4
	Nontax revenue			548.2	635.8	709.8	668.6	727.9	609.6	732.9
		Petroleum sector		312.8	352.3	388.3	393.9	392.9	254.4	296.3
		Other nontax revenue		235.4	283.5	321.5	274.7	335.0	355.2	436.6
	Capital revenue			—	0.1	0.5	1.5	6.9	7.3	4.3
Grants				4.1	16.0	30.4	143.2	70.1	32.5	54.1
	Total revenue and grants			2,430.0	2,548.7	2,743.6	3,071.1	3,356.3	3,523.9	4,085.3

Source: Ministry of Finance.

^¹Provisional data.

^²Effective for 1990 incomes and profits, new tax rates were applied to individuals and companies.

^³Effective with the 1991 budget year, public sector petroleum companies are subject to the normal tax regime.

^⁴Effective July 1, 1988, the VAT replaced turnover taxes.

Table A16.

Consolidated Revenue and Grants of the Central Government

(In millions of dinars)

				1986	1987	1988	1989	1990	1991	1992¹
Revenue				2,425.9	2,532.7	2,713.2	2,927.9	3,286.2	3,491.4	4,031.2
			Tax revenue	1,877.7	1,896.8	2,002.9	2,257.8	2,551.4	2,874.6	3,294.0
			Taxes on income and profits²	336.5	335.0	325.9	378.1	404.7	501.2	560.4
			Of which: Petroleum sector³	74.2	52.2	55.5	56.9	50.3	82.2	74.7
			Social security contributions	245.3	220.9	227.7	325.3	391.9	426.3	502.3
			Taxes on payroll	32.3	44.1	27.6	31.3	39.4	33.9	38.1
			Property taxes	47.9	48.6	52.6	52.2	64.9	69.0	76.7
		Taxes on goods and services		560.4	572.5	585.1	607.0	715.4	834.9	944.2
			Turnover taxes and VAT⁴	239.1	273.9	252.5	209.7	272.2	316.7	371.4
			Excises	226.4	226.0	256.2	291.0	327.3	402.1	445.2
			Other	94.9	72.6	76.4	106.3	115.9	116.1	127.6
		Taxes on international trade and transactions		606.2	632.4	730.6	816.8	888.5	954.5	1,111.9
			Import taxes	589.4	599.6	710.4	794.0	868.0	935.3	1,094.0
			Export taxes	8.0	10.0	7.7	9.5	9.4	11.7	9.5
			Other	8.8	22.8	12.5	13.3	11.1	7.5	8.4
		Other tax revenue		49.1	43.3	53.4	47.1	46.6	54.8	60.4
	Nontax revenue			548.2	635.8	709.8	668.6	727.9	609.6	732.9
		Petroleum sector		312.8	352.3	388.3	393.9	392.9	254.4	296.3
		Other nontax revenue		235.4	283.5	321.5	274.7	335.0	355.2	436.6
	Capital revenue			—	0.1	0.5	1.5	6.9	7.3	4.3
Grants				4.1	16.0	30.4	143.2	70.1	32.5	54.1
	Total revenue and grants			2,430.0	2,548.7	2,743.6	3,071.1	3,356.3	3,523.9	4,085.3

Source: Ministry of Finance.

^¹Provisional data.

^²Effective for 1990 incomes and profits, new tax rates were applied to individuals and companies.

^³Effective with the 1991 budget year, public sector petroleum companies are subject to the normal tax regime.

^⁴Effective July 1, 1988, the VAT replaced turnover taxes.

Table A17.

Government Petroleum Revenues

(In millions of dinars)

Source: Ministry of Finance.

^¹Provisional data.

Table A17.

Government Petroleum Revenues

(In millions of dinars)

		1986	1987	1988	1989	1990	1991	1992¹
1. Profits from petroleum exploitation (Title 1, Articles 51.02 and 51.03)		312.8	352.3	388.3	393.9	392.9	254.4	296.3
	Profits	268.9

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Appendix I. Statistical Tables