The Gambia’s adjustment efforts since 1985/86 have contributed to a steady growth in real GDP and the stabilization, on average, in real per capita incomes, despite the stagnation in agricultural output. The increased availability of foreign exchange has facilitated greater imports of basic consumer and intermediate goods. The strong growth in activity in the industrial and services sectors stimulated the expansion of employment opportunities in the urban and formal sectors of the economy.
Aghevli, Bijan B., and others, The Role of National Saving in the World Economy: Recent Trends and Prospects, IMF Occasional Paper, No. 67 (Washington: International Monetary Fund, March 1990).
Aghevli, Bijan B. Khan, Mohsin S. Montiel, Peter J. Exchange Rate Policy in Developing Countries: Some Analytical Issues, IMF Occasional Paper, No. 78 (Washington: International Monetary Fund, March 1991).
Boughton, James M., “The CFA Franc Zone: Currency Union and Monetary Standard,” IMF Working Paper, No. WP91/133 (Washington: International Monetary Fund, December 1991).
de Merode, Louis, “Civil Service Pay and Employment Reform in Africa: Selected Implementation Experiences,” Division Study Paper, No. 2, Institutional Development and Management Division, Africa Technical Department (Washington: World Bank, June 1991).
International Monetary Fund, Interest Rate Policies in Developing Countries, IMF Occasional Paper, No. 22 (Washington: International Monetary Fund, October 1983).
International Monetary Fund, Fund-Supported Programs, Fiscal Policy, and Income Distribution, IMF Occasional Paper, No. 46 (Washington: International Monetary Fund September 1986).
International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook, May, 1992, World Economic and Financial Surveys (Washington: International Monetary Fund, 1992).
Kapur, Ishan, and others, Ghana: Adjustment and Growth, 1983–91, IMF Occasional Paper, No. 86 (Washington: International Monetary Fund, September 1991).
Leite, Sergio Pereira, Sundararajan, V. “Issues in Interest Rate Management and Liberalization,” Staff Papers, International Monetary Fund (Washington), Vol. 37 (December 1990) pp. 735–52.
Quirk, Peter J., and others, Floating Exchange Rates in Developing Countries: Experience with Auction and Interbank Markets, IMF Occasional Paper, No. 53 (Washington: International Monetary Fund, May 1987).
Sallah, Tijan M., “Economics and Politics in The Gambia,” The Journal of Modern African Studies, Vol. 28(4) (1990), pp. 621–48.
Stiglitz, Joseph, and Weiss, Andrew “Credit Rationing in Markets with Imperfect Information,” American Economic Review, Vol. 71, No. 3 (June 1981), pp. 393–410.
Turtelboom, Bart “Interest Rate Liberalization: Some Lessons from Africa,” IMF Working Paper, No. WP91/121 (Washington: International Monetary Fund, December 1991).
Villanueva, Delano, and Mirakhor, Abbas “Strategies for Financial Reforms,” Staff Papers, International Monetary Fund (Washington), Vol. 37 (September 1990), pp. 509–36.
von Braun, Joachim “Social Policy in Sub-Saharan Africa: Reflections on Policy Challenges,” in Social Security in Developing Countries, ed. by Ehtisham Ahmad and others(Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1991), pp. 395–413.
Walsh, Brendan “Interest Rates, Financial Markets, and Economic Development in The Gambia” (unpublished; Ministry of Finance and Economic Affairs, The Gambia, January 1991).
Wong, Chorng-Huey, “Market-Based Systems of Monetary Control in Developing Countries: Operating Procedures and Related Issues,” IMF Working Paper, No. WP91/40 (Washington: International Monetary Fund, 1991).
International Monetary Fund Copyright © 2010-2021. All Rights Reserved.