III Industrial Countries’ Trade and Trade-Related Policies
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Abstract

Since the mid-1980s, there has been little, if any, decline in the overall level of trade protection in industrial countries despite the expansion of output and trade, the reduction in current account imbalances among the major industrial countries, and the ongoing Uruguay Round of multilateral trade negotiations. Protection persists in agriculture and in declining industries, and new pressures have emerged for government intervention in sectors considered “strategic.” The limited progress in addressing the long-standing problems in agriculture and declining industrial sectors will intensify adjustment pressures in the industrial countries as the European single-market program progresses, the developing countries continue to expand and diversify exports, and the Eastern European countries seek to reintegrate their economies into the multilateral trade system.

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