Drafting in the Monetary Field
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Abstract

IMF economists work closely with member countries on a variety of issues. Their unique perspective on country experiences and best practices on global macroeconomic issues are often shared in the form of books on diverse topics such as cross-country comparisons, capacity building, macroeconomic policy, financial integration, and globalization.

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  • Annual Report, 19—International Monetary Fund, Annual Report of the Executive Directors for the Fiscal Year Ended April 30, 1948–1977 (Washington, 1948–1977), and Annual Report of the Executive Board for the Financial Year Ended April 30, 1978–1983 (Washington, 1978–1983).

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  • Asian Basic Documents Basic Documents of Asian Regional Organizations, ed., Michael Haas (New York: Oceana Publications, 1979).

  • Documents of Committee of Twenty Committee on Reform of the International Monetary System and Related Issues, International Monetary Reform: Documents of the Committee of Twenty (Washington: International Monetary Fund, 1974).

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  • EMS Texts Committee of Governors of the Central Banks of the Member States of the European Economic Community, European Monetary Cooperation Fund, Texts Concerning the European Monetary System (1979).

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  • Gold, Membership and Nonmembership Joseph Gold, Membership and Nonmembership in the International Monetary Fund: A Study in International Law and Organization (Washington, 1974).

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  • Gold, Reform of the Fund Joseph Gold, The Reform of the Fund, IMF Pamphlet Series, No. 12 (Washington, 1969).

  • Gold, Selected Essays Joseph Gold, Legal and Institutional Aspects of the International Monetary System: Selected Essays (Washington, 1979).

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  • Gold, Stand-By Arrangements Joseph Gold, The Stand-By Arrangements of the International Monetary Fund: A Commentary on Their Formal, Legal, and Financial Aspects (Washington, 1970).

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  • Gold, Voting and Decisions Joseph Gold, Voting and Decisions in the International Monetary Fund: An Essay on the Law and Practice of the Fund (Washington, 1972).

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  • Group of Thirty-Two, The Problem of Choice Group of Thirty-Two, The Problem of Choice: Report on the Deliberations of an International Group of 32 Economists (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1964).

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  • History, 1945–65 The International Monetary Fund, 1945–1965: Twenty Years of International Monetary Cooperation, by J. Keith Horsefield and others (Washington, 1969), 3 vols.

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  • History, 1966–71 The International Monetary Fund, 1966–1971: The System Under Stress, by Margaret Garritsen de Vries (Washington, 1976), 2 vols.

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  • Keynes, Collected Writings John Maynard Keynes, The Collected Writings of John Maynard Keynes, Vol. 25, Activities 1940–1944, Shaping the Post-War World: The Clearing Union (London and Cambridge: Macmillan and Cambridge University Press, 1980), ed. Donald Moggridge; Vol. 26, Activities 1941–1946: Shaping the Post-War World, Bretton Woods, and Reparations (1980).

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  • Outline of Reform Outline of Reform, in International Monetary Fund, International Monetary Reform: Documents of Committee of Twenty (Washington, 1974), pp. 748; Summary Proceedings of the Twenty-Ninth Annual Meeting of the Board of Governors (Washington, 1974), pp. 287330; and IMF Survey, Vol. 3 (1974), pp. 193208.

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  • Procs. and Docs. Proceedings and Documents of the United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference, Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, July 1–22, 1944, Department of State Publication 2866, International Organization Conference Series 1, 3 (Washington, 1948), 2 vols.

  • Reform of International Monetary System International Monetary Fund, Reform of the International Monetary System: A Report by the Executive Directors to the Board of Governors (Washington, 1972).

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  • Report on First Amendment International Monetary Fund, Establishment of Facility Based on Special Drawing Rights in the International Monetary Fund and Modifications in the Rules and Practices of the Fund: A Report by the Executive Directors to the Board of Governors Proposing Amendment of the Articles of Agreement (Washington, April 1968), reproduced in History, 1966–71, Vol, II, pp. 5294.

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  • Report on Second Amendment International Monetary Fund, Proposed Second Amendment to the Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund: A Report by the Executive Directors to the Board of Governors (Washington, 1976).

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  • Selected Decisions International Monetary Fund, Selected Decisions of the International Monetary Fund and Selected Documents, various issues (Washington).

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  • Summary Proceedings, 19—International Monetary Fund, Summary Proceedings of the … Annual Meeting of the Board of Governors, 19— (Washington, 19—).

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  • U.S. Congress, Hearing, IMF Gold Agreement U.S. Congress, Joint Economic Committee, Hearing, The IMF Gold Agreement, 94th Cong., 1st Sess., October 10, 1975 (Washington).

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  • U.S. Congress, Hearing, Next Steps in International Monetary Reform U.S. Congress, Joint Economic Committee, Subcommittee on International Exchange and Payments, Hearing, Next Steps in International Monetary Reform, 90th Cong., 2d Sess., September 9, 1968 (Washington, 1968).

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  • U.S. Congress, Hearings, Proposed IMF Quota Increase U.S. Congress, Joint Economic Committee, Subcommittee on International Exchange and Payments, Hearings, The Proposed IMF Quota Increase and Its Implications for the Two-Tier Gold Market, 91st Cong., 1st Sess., November 13 and 14, 1969 (Washington).

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  • U.S. Senate, Amendments of Bretton Woods Agreements Act U.S. Senate, Amendments of the Bretton Woods Agreements Act: Hearing Before the Subcommittee on International Finance of the Senate Committee on Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs, 94th Cong., 2d Sess., August 27, 1976 (Washington).

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  • U.S. Senate Hearings on Bretton Woods Agreements Act U.S. Congress, Senate, Committee on Banking and Currency, Bretton Woods Agreements Act, Hearings on H.R. 3314, 79th Cong., 1st Sess., June 12–16, 18–22, 25, and 28, 1945 (Washington, 1945).

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  • 1. The Fund Agreement in the Courts (Washington, 1962). xv, 159 pp.

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  • (b) Los acuerdos de derechos de giro del Fondo Monetario Internacional [Stand-By Arrangements]: Un commentario sobre sus aspectos formales, juridicos y financieros (Mexico, 1976). vi, 290 pp.

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  • 3. Voting and Decisions in the International Monetary Fund: An Essay on the Law and Practice of the Fund (Washington, 1972). xii, 368 pp.

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  • 4. Membership and Nonmembership in the International Monetary Fund: A Study in International Law and Organization (Washington, 1974). xiii, 683 pp.

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  • 5. The Fund Agreement in the Courts: Parts VIII–XI (Washington, 1976). xvii, 121 pp.

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  • 11. “Decisions Relating to the International Monetary Fund,” in International Law Reports, 1955, ed. Sir Hersch Lauterpacht (London: But-terworth & Co. Ltd., 1958), pp. 70537.

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  • 12. “The International Monetary Fund,” in A Lawyer’s Guide to International Business Transactions, ed. Walter S. Surrey and Crawford Shaw (Philadelphia, Pa.: Joint Committee on Continuing Legal Education of the American Law Institute and the American Bar Association, 1963), pp. 45769.

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  • 14. “The Duty to Collaborate with the International Monetary Fund and the Development of Monetary Law,in Law, Justice and Equity: Essays in Tribute to G. W. Keeton, eds. R. H. Code Holland and G. Schwarzenberger (London: Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons Ltd., 1967), pp. 13751.

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  • 15. “The Role of the International Monetary Fund in International Monetary Reform with Special Reference to Developing Countries,in Development: International Law and Economics, Proceedings of a Symposium held at Stanford University on March 1–3, 1967, ed. Gene L. Armstrong (Stanford, Calif.: International Society, Stanford School of Law, 1967), pp. 3947.

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  • 16. “Certain Aspects of the Law and Practice of the International Monetary Fund,in The Effectiveness of International Decisions, ed. Stephen M. Schwebel (Leiden: A. W. Nijhoff; Dobbs Ferry, N.Y.: Oceana Publications, 1971), pp. 7199.

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  • 17. “On the Difficulties of Defining International Agreements: Some Illustrations from the Experience of the International Monetary Fund,in Economic and Social Development: Essays in Honour of Dr. C. D. Deshmukh, ed. S. L. N. Simha (Bombay: Vora and Co., 1972), pp. 2544.

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  • 18. “The International Monetary System and Change: Relations Between the Mode of Negotiation and Legal Technique,in Jus et societas: Essays in Tribute to Wolfgang Friedmann, principal ed. Gabriel M. Wilner (The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1979), pp. 11633.

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  • 19. “Exchange Arrangements and International Law in an Age of Floating Currencies,in Proceedings of the Seventy-Third Annual Meeting of the American Society of International Law (Washington, 1979), pp. 115.

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  • 20. “The International Monetary Fund,in A Lawyer’s Guide to International Business Transactions, Second ed., Part II, eds. Walter S. Surrey and Don Wallace, Jr. (Philadelphia, Pa.: American Law Institute-American Bar Association Committee on Continuing Professional Education, 1979), pp. 348.

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  • 21. “Balance of Payments Transactions of the International Monetary Fund,in International Financial Law: Lending, Capital Transfers and Institutions, ed. Robert S. Rendell (London: Euromoney Publications, 1980), pp. 23750.

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  • 22. “Balancing the System in the 1980s: Private Banks and the IMF, Comment,in The International Framework for Money and Banking in the 1980s, ed. Gary Clyde Hufbauer (Washington: Georgetown University Law Center, International Law Institute, 1981), pp. 17085.

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  • 23. “The Need for a Common Currency in International Insurance Contracts—SDRs?in World Insurance Outlook, Summary Proceedings, eds. Michael E. Hogue and Douglas G. Olson (Philadelphia: Corporation for the Philadelphia World Insurance Congress, 1982), pp. 52228.

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  • 24. “Developments in the International Monetary System, The International Monetary Fund, and International Monetary Law since 1971,in Hague Academy of International Law, Recueil des Cours, Vol. 174 (The Hague, 1/1982), pp. 107366.

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  • 25. “International Monetary Fund,in Encyclopedia of Public International Law, Installment 5, International Organizations in General, Universal International Organizations and Cooperation, ed. R. Bernhardt (Amsterdam/New York/Oxford: North-Holland, 1983), pp. 10815.

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  • 26. “Capital Movements, International Regulation” (ibid.).

  • 27. “Monetary Unions and Monetary Zones” (ibid.).

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  • 29. “Balance of Payments Transactions of the International Monetary Fund,” in International Financial Law: Lending, Capital Transfers, and Institutions, ed. Robert S. Rendell (London: Euromoney Publications, 1984).

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  • 30. The International Monetary Fund and Private Business Transactions: Some Legal Effects of the Articles of Agreement, No. 3 (1965). 31 pp.

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  • 31. The International Monetary Fund and International Law: An Introduction, No. 4 (1965). 26 pp.

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  • 45. Use, Conversion, and Exchange of Currency Under the Second Amendment of the Fund’s Articles, No. 23 (1978). 130 pp.

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  • 48. Financial Assistance by the International Monetary Fund: Law and Practice, No. 27 (1979). 58 pp.

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  • 55. SDRs, Currencies, and Gold: Sixth Survey of New Legal Developments, No. 40 (1983). 148 pp.

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  • 57. “The Fund Agreement in the Courts—I,” Vol. 1 (April 1951), pp. 31533.

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  • 61. “The Fund Agreement in the Courts—IV,” Vol. 5 (August 1956), pp. 284301.

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  • 72. “The Fund Agreement in the Courts—XIV,” Vol. 26 (September 1979), pp. 583611.

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  • 78. (a) A Report on Certain Legal Developments in the International Monetary Fund, contributed as part of the World Association of Lawyers series on the Law-Making Activities of International Organizations (Washington: The World Association of Lawyers, 1976). 40 pp.

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  • (b) “A Report on Certain Recent Legal Developments in the International Monetary Fund,Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law, Vol. 9 (Nashville, Tenn., 1976), pp. 22345.

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  • 79. A Second Report on Some Recent Legal Developments in the International Monetary Fund (Washington: The World Association of Lawyers, 1977). 53 pp.

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  • 80. A Third Report on Some Recent Legal Developments in the International Monetary Fund (Washington: The World Association of Lawyers, 1978). 43 pp.

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  • 83. Note on “Mary Perutz as Administratrix of the Estate of Arthur Perutz, Respondent v. Bohemian Discount Bank in Liquidation, Appellant” (with G. R. Delaume), Journal du Droit International, Vol. 80 (Paris, 1953), pp. 797810.

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  • 87. “The Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund and the Exchange Control Regulations of Member States” (with Philine R. Lachman), Journal du Droit International, Vol. 89 (Paris, 1962), pp. 66685.

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  • 88. “Das Währungsabkommen von Bretton Woods vom 22.7.1944 in der Rechtsprechung—III,Rabels Zeitschrift für ausländisches und internationales Privatrecht, Vol. 27 (Tübingen, 1962), pp. 60665.

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  • 89. “The Law and Practice of the International Monetary Fund with Respect to ‘Stand-By Arrangements,’International and Comparative Law Quarterly, Vol. 12 (London, 1963), pp. 130.

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  • 92. “Interpretation by the International Monetary Fund of its Articles of Agreement—II,International and Comparative Law Quarterly, Vol. 16 (London, 1967), pp. 289329.

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  • 93. “The International Monetary Fund and the International Recognition of Exchange Control Regulations: The Cuban Insurance Cases,Revue de la Banque, 1967, No. 6 (Brussels, 1967), pp. 52338.

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  • 94. “The Next Stage in the Development of International Monetary Law: The Deliberate Control of Liquidity,American Journal of International Law, Vol. 62 (Washington, 1968), pp. 365402.

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  • 95. “Legal Technique in the Creation of a New International Reserve Asset: Special Drawing Rights and the Amendment of the Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund,Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law, Vol. 1 (Cleveland, Ohio, 1969), pp. 10523.

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  • 96. “A Comparison of Special Drawing Rights and Gold as Reserve Assets,Law and Policy in International Business, Vol. 2 (Washington, 1970), pp. 32651.

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  • 97. “Les définitions des réserves d’un pays dans le droit du Fonds Monétaire International,Bulletin d’Information et de Documentation de la Banque Nationale de Belgique, XLV année, Vol. II (Brussels, November 1970), pp. 62539.

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  • 98. “Unauthorized Changes of Par Value and Fluctuating Exchange Rates in the Bretton Woods System,American Journal of International Law, Vol. 65 (Washington, 1971), pp. 11328.

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  • 99. “Use of the International Monetary Fund’s Resources: ‘Conditionality’ and ‘Unconditionally’ as Legal Categories,Journal of International Law and Economics, Vol. 6 (Washington, 1971), pp. 126.

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  • 100. “The Composition of a Country’s Reserves in International Law,Journal of World Trade Law, Vol. 5 (Twickenham, England, 1971), pp. 477508.

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  • 101. “ ‘To Contribute Thereby To … Development …’: Aspects of the Relations of the International Monetary Fund with Its Developing Members,Columbia Journal of Transnational Law, Vol. 10 (New York, 1971), pp. 267302.

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  • 102. “The ‘Sanctions’ of the International Monetary Fund,American Journal of International Law, Vol. 66 (Washington, 1972), pp. 73762.

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  • 103. “The ‘Dispensing’ and ‘Suspending’ Powers of International Organizations,Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Internationaal Recht, Vol. 10 (Leiden, 1972), pp. 169200.

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  • 104. “The Legal Structure of the Par Value System,Law and Policy in International Business, Vol. 5 (Washington, 1973), pp. 155214.

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  • 105. “The Amendment and Variation of Their Charters by International Organizations,Revue Belge de Droit International, Vol. 9 (Brussels, 1973), pp. 5076.

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  • 106. “Weighted Voting Power: Some Limits and Some Problems,American Journal of International Law, Vol. 68 (Washington, 1974), pp. 687708.

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  • 107. “ ‘Pressures’ and Reform of the International Monetary System,New York University Journal of International Law and Politics, Vol. 7 (New York, 1974), pp. 42358.

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  • 108. “The Bretton Woods Agreement of July 22, 1944 in the Courts—IV,Rabels Zeitschrift für ausländisches und internationales Privatrecht, Vol. 38 (Tübingen, 1974), pp. 683719.

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  • 109. “Recent International Decisions to Prevent Restrictions on Trade and Payments,Journal of World Trade Law, Vol. 9 (Twickenham, England, 1975), pp. 6378.

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  • 110. “Uniformity as a Legal Principle of the International Monetary Fund,Law and Policy in International Business, Vol. 7 (Washington, 1975), pp. 765811.

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  • 111. “Law and Reform of the International Monetary System,Journal of International Law and Economics, Vol. 10 (Washington, 1975), pp. 371421.

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  • 112. “Law and Change in International Monetary Relations,The Record (of the Association of the Bar of the City of New York), Vol. 31 (New York, 1976), pp. 22338.

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  • 113. “ ‘Political’ Bodies in the International Monetary Fund,Journal of International Law and Economics, Vol. 2 (Washington, 1977), pp. 23785.

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  • 114. International Capital Movements Under the Law of the International Monetary Fund. Workpaper prepared for the Panel on Banking Law and the Regulation of the International Flow of Capital, Manila Conference on the Law of the World held August 21–26, 1977 (Washington: World Association of Lawyers, 1977). 85 pp.

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  • 115. “International Law and the IMF,Finance & Development, Vol. 14, No. 4 (Washington, December 1977), pp. 3537.

  • 116. “The Second Amendment of the Fund’s Articles of Agreement: A General View, I,Finance & Development, Vol. 15, No. 1 (Washington, March 1978), pp. 1013.

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  • 117. “The Second Amendment of the Fund’s Articles of Agreement: A General View, II,Finance & Development, Vol. 15, No. 2 (Washington, June 1978), pp. 1518.

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  • 118. “La Segunda Enmienda del Convenio Constitutivo del Fondo Monetario Internacional,Banco Central de Chile, Boletín Mensual, No. 605 (Santiago, Chile, July 1978), pp. 1 and 11734. (Translation of items 95–97.)

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  • 119. “Some First Effects of the Second Amendment,Finance & Development, Vol. 15, No. 3 (Washington, September 1978), pp. 2429.

  • 120. “Trust Funds in International Law: The Contribution of the International Monetary Fund to a Code of Principles,American Journal of International Law, Vol. 72 (Washington, 1978), pp. 85666.

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  • 121. “The Structure of the Fund,Finance & Development, Vol. 16, No. 2 (Washington, June 1979), pp. 1115.

  • 122. “The Fund’s Interim Committee—An Assessment,Finance & Development, Vol. 16, No. 3 (Washington, September 1979), pp. 3235.

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  • 159. Preliminary Note on Establishment of a Facility Based on Special Drawing Rights in the International Monetary Fund and Modifications in the Rules and Practices of the Fund: A Report by the Executive Directors to the Board of Governors Proposing Amendment of the Articles of Agreement, in International Legal Materials: Current Documents, Vol. 7 (Washington, 1968), p. 473.

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  • 160. Preliminary Note appearing as a preface to the publication of the Fund’s Report by the Executive Directors on the Proposed Second Amendment to the Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund, in International Legal Materials: Current Documents, Vol. 15 (Washington, 1976), pp. 499500.

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  • 161. Letter, “The Liability of Air Carriers for Death and Personal Injury to Passengers,Australian Law Journal, Vol. 56 (1982), p. 558.

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