IMF economists work closely with member countries on a variety of issues. Their unique perspective on country experiences and best practices on global macroeconomic issues are often shared in the form of books on diverse topics such as cross-country comparisons, capacity building, macroeconomic policy, financial integration, and globalization.
Annual Report, 19—International Monetary Fund, Annual Report of the Executive Directors for the Fiscal Year Ended April 30, 1948–1977 (Washington, 1948–1977), and Annual Report of the Executive Board for the Financial Year Ended April 30, 1978–1983 (Washington, 1978–1983).
Asian Basic Documents Basic Documents of Asian Regional Organizations, ed., Michael Haas (New York: Oceana Publications, 1979).
Documents of Committee of Twenty Committee on Reform of the International Monetary System and Related Issues, International Monetary Reform: Documents of the Committee of Twenty (Washington: International Monetary Fund, 1974).
EMS Texts Committee of Governors of the Central Banks of the Member States of the European Economic Community, European Monetary Cooperation Fund, Texts Concerning the European Monetary System (1979).
Gold, Membership and Nonmembership Joseph Gold, Membership and Nonmembership in the International Monetary Fund: A Study in International Law and Organization (Washington, 1974).
Gold, Reform of the Fund Joseph Gold, The Reform of the Fund, IMF Pamphlet Series, No. 12 (Washington, 1969).
Gold, Selected Essays Joseph Gold, Legal and Institutional Aspects of the International Monetary System: Selected Essays (Washington, 1979).
Gold, Stand-By Arrangements Joseph Gold, The Stand-By Arrangements of the International Monetary Fund: A Commentary on Their Formal, Legal, and Financial Aspects (Washington, 1970).
Gold, Voting and Decisions Joseph Gold, Voting and Decisions in the International Monetary Fund: An Essay on the Law and Practice of the Fund (Washington, 1972).
Group of Thirty-Two, The Problem of Choice Group of Thirty-Two, The Problem of Choice: Report on the Deliberations of an International Group of 32 Economists (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1964).
History, 1945–65 The International Monetary Fund, 1945–1965: Twenty Years of International Monetary Cooperation, by J. Keith Horsefield and others (Washington, 1969), 3 vols.
History, 1966–71 The International Monetary Fund, 1966–1971: The System Under Stress, by Margaret Garritsen de Vries (Washington, 1976), 2 vols.
Keynes, Collected Writings John Maynard Keynes, The Collected Writings of John Maynard Keynes, Vol. 25, Activities 1940–1944, Shaping the Post-War World: The Clearing Union (London and Cambridge: Macmillan and Cambridge University Press, 1980), ed. Donald Moggridge; Vol. 26, Activities 1941–1946: Shaping the Post-War World, Bretton Woods, and Reparations (1980).
Outline of Reform Outline of Reform, in International Monetary Fund, International Monetary Reform: Documents of Committee of Twenty (Washington, 1974), pp. 7–48; Summary Proceedings of the Twenty-Ninth Annual Meeting of the Board of Governors (Washington, 1974), pp. 287–330; and IMF Survey, Vol. 3 (1974), pp. 193–208.
Procs. and Docs. Proceedings and Documents of the United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference, Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, July 1–22, 1944, Department of State Publication 2866, International Organization Conference Series 1, 3 (Washington, 1948), 2 vols.
Reform of International Monetary System International Monetary Fund, Reform of the International Monetary System: A Report by the Executive Directors to the Board of Governors (Washington, 1972).
Report on First Amendment International Monetary Fund, Establishment of Facility Based on Special Drawing Rights in the International Monetary Fund and Modifications in the Rules and Practices of the Fund: A Report by the Executive Directors to the Board of Governors Proposing Amendment of the Articles of Agreement (Washington, April 1968), reproduced in History, 1966–71, Vol, II, pp. 52–94.
Report on Second Amendment International Monetary Fund, Proposed Second Amendment to the Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund: A Report by the Executive Directors to the Board of Governors (Washington, 1976).
Selected Decisions International Monetary Fund, Selected Decisions of the International Monetary Fund and Selected Documents, various issues (Washington).
Summary Proceedings, 19—International Monetary Fund, Summary Proceedings of the … Annual Meeting of the Board of Governors, 19— (Washington, 19—).
U.S. Congress, Hearing, IMF Gold Agreement U.S. Congress, Joint Economic Committee, Hearing, The IMF Gold Agreement, 94th Cong., 1st Sess., October 10, 1975 (Washington).
U.S. Congress, Hearing, Next Steps in International Monetary Reform U.S. Congress, Joint Economic Committee, Subcommittee on International Exchange and Payments, Hearing, Next Steps in International Monetary Reform, 90th Cong., 2d Sess., September 9, 1968 (Washington, 1968).
U.S. Congress, Hearings, Proposed IMF Quota Increase U.S. Congress, Joint Economic Committee, Subcommittee on International Exchange and Payments, Hearings, The Proposed IMF Quota Increase and Its Implications for the Two-Tier Gold Market, 91st Cong., 1st Sess., November 13 and 14, 1969 (Washington).
U.S. Senate, Amendments of Bretton Woods Agreements Act U.S. Senate, Amendments of the Bretton Woods Agreements Act: Hearing Before the Subcommittee on International Finance of the Senate Committee on Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs, 94th Cong., 2d Sess., August 27, 1976 (Washington).
U.S. Senate Hearings on Bretton Woods Agreements Act U.S. Congress, Senate, Committee on Banking and Currency, Bretton Woods Agreements Act, Hearings on H.R. 3314, 79th Cong., 1st Sess., June 12–16, 18–22, 25, and 28, 1945 (Washington, 1945).
1. The Fund Agreement in the Courts (Washington, 1962). xv, 159 pp.
2. (a) The Stand-By Arrangements of the International Monetary Fund: A Commentary on Their Formal, Legal, and Financial Aspects (Washington, 1970). xii, 295 pp.
(b) Los acuerdos de derechos de giro del Fondo Monetario Internacional [Stand-By Arrangements]: Un commentario sobre sus aspectos formales, juridicos y financieros (Mexico, 1976). vi, 290 pp.
3. Voting and Decisions in the International Monetary Fund: An Essay on the Law and Practice of the Fund (Washington, 1972). xii, 368 pp.
4. Membership and Nonmembership in the International Monetary Fund: A Study in International Law and Organization (Washington, 1974). xiii, 683 pp.
5. The Fund Agreement in the Courts: Parts VIII–XI (Washington, 1976). xvii, 121 pp.
6. Legal and Institutional Aspects of the International Monetary System: Selected Essays (Washington, 1979). xx, 633 pp.
7. Aspectos legales de la reforma monetaria internacional (Mexico, 1979). viii, 221 pp.
8. The Fund Agreement in the Courts, Vol. 2 (Washington, 1982). ix, 499 pp.
9. Legal and Institutional Aspects of the International Monetary System: Selected Essays, Vol. 2 (Washington, 1984). xviii, 947 pp.
10. “Constitutional Development and Change,” in The International Monetary Fund, 1945–1965: Twenty Years of International Monetary Cooperation, ed. J. Keith Horsefield (Washington, 1969), Vol. II, Part V, pp. 513–605.
11. “Decisions Relating to the International Monetary Fund,” in International Law Reports, 1955, ed. Sir Hersch Lauterpacht (London: But-terworth & Co. Ltd., 1958), pp. 705–37.
12. “The International Monetary Fund,” in A Lawyer’s Guide to International Business Transactions, ed. Walter S. Surrey and Crawford Shaw (Philadelphia, Pa.: Joint Committee on Continuing Legal Education of the American Law Institute and the American Bar Association, 1963), pp. 457–69.
13. “International Monetary Fund,” in Legal Advisers and International Organizations, ed. H. C. L. Merillat (Dobbs Ferry, N.Y.: Oceana Publications, Inc., 1966), pp. 96–104.
14. “The Duty to Collaborate with the International Monetary Fund and the Development of Monetary Law,” in Law, Justice and Equity: Essays in Tribute to G. W. Keeton, eds. R. H. Code Holland and G. Schwarzenberger (London: Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons Ltd., 1967), pp. 137–51.
15. “The Role of the International Monetary Fund in International Monetary Reform with Special Reference to Developing Countries,” in Development: International Law and Economics, Proceedings of a Symposium held at Stanford University on March 1–3, 1967, ed. Gene L. Armstrong (Stanford, Calif.: International Society, Stanford School of Law, 1967), pp. 39–47.
16. “Certain Aspects of the Law and Practice of the International Monetary Fund,” in The Effectiveness of International Decisions, ed. Stephen M. Schwebel (Leiden: A. W. Nijhoff; Dobbs Ferry, N.Y.: Oceana Publications, 1971), pp. 71–99.
17. “On the Difficulties of Defining International Agreements: Some Illustrations from the Experience of the International Monetary Fund,” in Economic and Social Development: Essays in Honour of Dr. C. D. Deshmukh, ed. S. L. N. Simha (Bombay: Vora and Co., 1972), pp. 25–44.
18. “The International Monetary System and Change: Relations Between the Mode of Negotiation and Legal Technique,” in Jus et societas: Essays in Tribute to Wolfgang Friedmann, principal ed. Gabriel M. Wilner (The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1979), pp. 116–33.
19. “Exchange Arrangements and International Law in an Age of Floating Currencies,” in Proceedings of the Seventy-Third Annual Meeting of the American Society of International Law (Washington, 1979), pp. 1–15.
20. “The International Monetary Fund,” in A Lawyer’s Guide to International Business Transactions, Second ed., Part II, eds. Walter S. Surrey and Don Wallace, Jr. (Philadelphia, Pa.: American Law Institute-American Bar Association Committee on Continuing Professional Education, 1979), pp. 3–48.
21. “Balance of Payments Transactions of the International Monetary Fund,” in International Financial Law: Lending, Capital Transfers and Institutions, ed. Robert S. Rendell (London: Euromoney Publications, 1980), pp. 237–50.
22. “Balancing the System in the 1980s: Private Banks and the IMF, Comment,” in The International Framework for Money and Banking in the 1980s, ed. Gary Clyde Hufbauer (Washington: Georgetown University Law Center, International Law Institute, 1981), pp. 170–85.
23. “The Need for a Common Currency in International Insurance Contracts—SDRs?” in World Insurance Outlook, Summary Proceedings, eds. Michael E. Hogue and Douglas G. Olson (Philadelphia: Corporation for the Philadelphia World Insurance Congress, 1982), pp. 522–28.
24. “Developments in the International Monetary System, The International Monetary Fund, and International Monetary Law since 1971,” in Hague Academy of International Law, Recueil des Cours, Vol. 174 (The Hague, 1/1982), pp. 107–366.
25. “International Monetary Fund,” in Encyclopedia of Public International Law, Installment 5, International Organizations in General, Universal International Organizations and Cooperation, ed. R. Bernhardt (Amsterdam/New York/Oxford: North-Holland, 1983), pp. 108–15.
26. “Capital Movements, International Regulation” (ibid.).
27. “Monetary Unions and Monetary Zones” (ibid.).
28.“The General Arrangements to Borrow of the International Monetary Fund,” in International Capital Movements, Debt, and the International Monetary System.
29. “Balance of Payments Transactions of the International Monetary Fund,” in International Financial Law: Lending, Capital Transfers, and Institutions, ed. Robert S. Rendell (London: Euromoney Publications, 1984).
30. The International Monetary Fund and Private Business Transactions: Some Legal Effects of the Articles of Agreement, No. 3 (1965). 31 pp.
31. The International Monetary Fund and International Law: An Introduction, No. 4 (1965). 26 pp.
32. Maintenance of the Gold Value of the Fund’s Assets, No. 6 (1st ed., 1965 and 2nd ed., 1971). 53 pp.
33. The Fund and Non-Member States: Some Legal Effects, No. 7 (1966). 55 pp.
34. The Cuban Insurance Cases and the Articles of the Fund, No. 8 (1966). 53 pp.
35. Interpretation by the Fund, No. 11 (1968). 68 pp.
36. The Reform of the Fund, No. 12 (1969). 75 pp.
37. Special Drawing Rights, No. 13 (1969). 59 pp.
38. Special Drawing Rights: Character and Use, No. 13 (2nd ed., 1970). 91 pp.
39. The Fund’s Concepts of Convertibility, No. 14 (1971). 63 pp.
40. Special Drawing Rights: The Role of Language, No. 15 (1971). 25 pp.
41. Floating Currencies, Gold, and SDRs: Some Recent Legal Developments, No. 19 (1976). 87 pp. (Also in German.)
42. Voting Majorities in the Fund: Effects of Second Amendment of the Articles, No. 20 (1977). 77 pp.
43. International Capital Movements Under the Law of the International Monetary Fund, No. 21 (1977). 60 pp.
44. Floating Currencies, SDRs, and Gold: Further Legal Developments, No. 22 (1977). 103 pp. (Included in Spanish in item 7 above: concluding section published in German also.)
45. Use, Conversion, and Exchange of Currency Under the Second Amendment of the Fund’s Articles, No. 23 (1978). 130 pp.
46. The Second Amendment of the Fund’s Articles of Agreement, No. 25 (1978). 36 pp.
47. SDRs, Gold, and Currencies: Third Survey of New Legal Developments, No. 26 (1979). 99 pp. (Resumé of this article published in German.)
48. Financial Assistance by the International Monetary Fund: Law and Practice, No. 27 (1979). 58 pp.
49. Conditionality, No. 31 (1979). 51 pp.
50. The Rule of Law in the International Monetary Fund, No. 32 (1980). 96 pp.
51. SDRs, Currencies, and Gold: Fourth Survey of New Legal Developments, No. 33 (1980). 136 pp.
52. The Legal Character of the Fund’s Stand-By Arrangements and Why It Matters, No. 35 (1980). 53 pp.
53. SDRs, Currencies, and Gold: Fifth Survey of New Legal Developments, No. 36 (1981). 122 pp.
54. Order in International Finance, the Promotion of IMF Stand-By Arrangements, and the Drafting of Private Loan Agreements, No. 39 (1982). 55 pp. (Reprinted in Southern Methodist University Program on International Banking and Finance, Institute on the Internationalization of United States Money and Capital Markets (1982).)
55. SDRs, Currencies, and Gold: Sixth Survey of New Legal Developments, No. 40 (1983). 148 pp.
56. The Multilateral System of Payments: Keynes, Convertibility, and the International Monetary Fund’s Articles of Agreement, No. 6 (1981). 31 pp.
57. “The Fund Agreement in the Courts—I,” Vol. 1 (April 1951), pp. 315–33.
58. “The Fund Agreement in the Courts—II,” Vol. 2 (November 1952), pp. 482–98.
59. “The Fund Agreement in the Courts—III,” Vol. 3 (October 1953), pp. 290–312.
60. “Article VIII, Section 2(b), of the Fund Agreement and the Unenforceability of Certain Exchange Contracts: A Note,” Vol. 4 (February 1955), pp. 330–38.
61. “The Fund Agreement in the Courts—IV,” Vol. 5 (August 1956), pp. 284–301.
62. “The Fund Agreement in the Courts—V,” Vol. 6 (November 1958), pp. 461–75.
63. “The Fund Agreement in the Courts—VI,” Vol. 8 (May 1961), pp. 287–312.
64. “The Fund Agreement in the Courts—VII,” Vol. 9 (July 1962), pp. 264–95.
65. “The Fund Agreement in the Courts—VIII,” Vol. 11 (November 1964), pp. 457–89.
66. “The Fund Agreement in the Courts—IX,” Vol. 14 (July 1967), pp. 369–402.
67. “The Fund Agreement in the Courts—X,” Vol. 19 (July 1972), pp. 468–502.
68. “The Fund Agreement in the Courts—XI,” Vol. 22 (March 1975), pp. 206–32.
69. “Special Drawing Rights: Renaming the Infant Asset,” Vol. 23 (July 1976), pp. 295–311.
70. “The Fund Agreement in the Courts—XII,” Vol. 24 (March 1977), pp. 193–231.
71. “The Fund Agreement in the Courts—XIII,” Vol. 25 (June 1978), pp. 343–67. Reprinted in European Transport Law (Antwerp, Belgium), Vol. 14, No. 4 (1979), pp. 568–94.
72. “The Fund Agreement in the Courts—XIV,” Vol. 26 (September 1979), pp. 583–611.
73. “The Fund Agreement in the Courts—XV,” Vol. 27 (September 1980), pp. 601-24.
74. “The Fund Agreement in the Courts—XVI,” Vol. 28 (June 1981), pp. 411–36.
75. “The Fund Agreement in the Courts—XVII,” Vol. 28 (December 1981), pp. 728–59.
76. “The Fund Agreement in the Courts—XVIII: The SDR in the Courts,” Vol. 29 (December 1982), pp. 647–81.
77. “The Fund Agreement in the Courts—XIX,” Vol. 31 (March 1984), pp. 179–234.
78. (a) A Report on Certain Legal Developments in the International Monetary Fund, contributed as part of the World Association of Lawyers series on the Law-Making Activities of International Organizations (Washington: The World Association of Lawyers, 1976). 40 pp.
(b) “A Report on Certain Recent Legal Developments in the International Monetary Fund,” Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law, Vol. 9 (Nashville, Tenn., 1976), pp. 223–45.
79. A Second Report on Some Recent Legal Developments in the International Monetary Fund (Washington: The World Association of Lawyers, 1977). 53 pp.
80. A Third Report on Some Recent Legal Developments in the International Monetary Fund (Washington: The World Association of Lawyers, 1978). 43 pp.
81. “L’application des Statuts du Fonds Monétaire par les Tribunaux,” Revue Critique de Droit International Privé, Vol. 40 (Paris, 1951), pp. 571–95.
82. “Recente application des Statuts du Fonds Monétaire par les Tribunaux,” Annales de Droit et des Sciences Politiques, Vol. 13 (Brussels, 1953), pp. 365–87.
83. Note on “Mary Perutz as Administratrix of the Estate of Arthur Perutz, Respondent v. Bohemian Discount Bank in Liquidation, Appellant” (with G. R. Delaume), Journal du Droit International, Vol. 80 (Paris, 1953), pp. 797–810.
84. “Das Währungsabkommen von Bretton Woods vom 22.7.1944 in der Rechtsprechung,” Zeitschrift für ausländisches und internationales Privatrecht, Vol. 19 (Tübingen, 1954), pp. 601–42.
85. “The Interpretation by the International Monetary Fund of its Articles of Agreement,” International and Comparative Law Quarterly, Vol. 3 (London, 1954), pp. 256–76.
86. “Das Währungsabkommen von Bretton Woods vom 22.7.1944 in der Rechtsprechung—II,” Zeitschrift für ausländisches und internationales Privatrecht, Vol. 22 (Tübingen, 1957), pp. 601–36.
87. “The Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund and the Exchange Control Regulations of Member States” (with Philine R. Lachman), Journal du Droit International, Vol. 89 (Paris, 1962), pp. 666–85.
88. “Das Währungsabkommen von Bretton Woods vom 22.7.1944 in der Rechtsprechung—III,” Rabels Zeitschrift für ausländisches und internationales Privatrecht, Vol. 27 (Tübingen, 1962), pp. 606–65.
89. “The Law and Practice of the International Monetary Fund with Respect to ‘Stand-By Arrangements,’” International and Comparative Law Quarterly, Vol. 12 (London, 1963), pp. 1–30.
90. “Kokusai Tsuka Kikin; Kokusai tsuka-ho oyobi soshiki ni okeru chii” [“Role of IMF in international monetary law and organization”], in Jurist, No. 320 (Tokyo, April 1, 1965), pp. 77–86.
91. “Minkan torihiki ni taisuru IMF (Kokusai Tsuka Kikin): Kyotei no hoteki Koka” [“Legal effect of the IMF Agreement on private transactions”], in Jurist, No. 318 (Tokyo, March 15, 1965), pp. 75–84.
92. “Interpretation by the International Monetary Fund of its Articles of Agreement—II,” International and Comparative Law Quarterly, Vol. 16 (London, 1967), pp. 289–329.
93. “The International Monetary Fund and the International Recognition of Exchange Control Regulations: The Cuban Insurance Cases,” Revue de la Banque, 1967, No. 6 (Brussels, 1967), pp. 523–38.
94. “The Next Stage in the Development of International Monetary Law: The Deliberate Control of Liquidity,” American Journal of International Law, Vol. 62 (Washington, 1968), pp. 365–402.
95. “Legal Technique in the Creation of a New International Reserve Asset: Special Drawing Rights and the Amendment of the Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund,” Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law, Vol. 1 (Cleveland, Ohio, 1969), pp. 105–23.
96. “A Comparison of Special Drawing Rights and Gold as Reserve Assets,” Law and Policy in International Business, Vol. 2 (Washington, 1970), pp. 326–51.
97. “Les définitions des réserves d’un pays dans le droit du Fonds Monétaire International,” Bulletin d’Information et de Documentation de la Banque Nationale de Belgique, XLV année, Vol. II (Brussels, November 1970), pp. 625–39.
98. “Unauthorized Changes of Par Value and Fluctuating Exchange Rates in the Bretton Woods System,” American Journal of International Law, Vol. 65 (Washington, 1971), pp. 113–28.
99. “Use of the International Monetary Fund’s Resources: ‘Conditionality’ and ‘Unconditionally’ as Legal Categories,” Journal of International Law and Economics, Vol. 6 (Washington, 1971), pp. 1–26.
100. “The Composition of a Country’s Reserves in International Law,” Journal of World Trade Law, Vol. 5 (Twickenham, England, 1971), pp. 477–508.
101. “ ‘To Contribute Thereby To … Development …’: Aspects of the Relations of the International Monetary Fund with Its Developing Members,” Columbia Journal of Transnational Law, Vol. 10 (New York, 1971), pp. 267–302.
102. “The ‘Sanctions’ of the International Monetary Fund,” American Journal of International Law, Vol. 66 (Washington, 1972), pp. 737–62.
103. “The ‘Dispensing’ and ‘Suspending’ Powers of International Organizations,” Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Internationaal Recht, Vol. 10 (Leiden, 1972), pp. 169–200.
104. “The Legal Structure of the Par Value System,” Law and Policy in International Business, Vol. 5 (Washington, 1973), pp. 155–214.
105. “The Amendment and Variation of Their Charters by International Organizations,” Revue Belge de Droit International, Vol. 9 (Brussels, 1973), pp. 50–76.
106. “Weighted Voting Power: Some Limits and Some Problems,” American Journal of International Law, Vol. 68 (Washington, 1974), pp. 687–708.
107. “ ‘Pressures’ and Reform of the International Monetary System,” New York University Journal of International Law and Politics, Vol. 7 (New York, 1974), pp. 423–58.
108. “The Bretton Woods Agreement of July 22, 1944 in the Courts—IV,” Rabels Zeitschrift für ausländisches und internationales Privatrecht, Vol. 38 (Tübingen, 1974), pp. 683–719.
109. “Recent International Decisions to Prevent Restrictions on Trade and Payments,” Journal of World Trade Law, Vol. 9 (Twickenham, England, 1975), pp. 63–78.
110. “Uniformity as a Legal Principle of the International Monetary Fund,” Law and Policy in International Business, Vol. 7 (Washington, 1975), pp. 765–811.
111. “Law and Reform of the International Monetary System,” Journal of International Law and Economics, Vol. 10 (Washington, 1975), pp. 371–421.
112. “Law and Change in International Monetary Relations,” The Record (of the Association of the Bar of the City of New York), Vol. 31 (New York, 1976), pp. 223–38.
113. “ ‘Political’ Bodies in the International Monetary Fund,” Journal of International Law and Economics, Vol. 2 (Washington, 1977), pp. 237–85.
114. International Capital Movements Under the Law of the International Monetary Fund. Workpaper prepared for the Panel on Banking Law and the Regulation of the International Flow of Capital, Manila Conference on the Law of the World held August 21–26, 1977 (Washington: World Association of Lawyers, 1977). 85 pp.
115. “International Law and the IMF,” Finance & Development, Vol. 14, No. 4 (Washington, December 1977), pp. 35–37.
116. “The Second Amendment of the Fund’s Articles of Agreement: A General View, I,” Finance & Development, Vol. 15, No. 1 (Washington, March 1978), pp. 10–13.
117. “The Second Amendment of the Fund’s Articles of Agreement: A General View, II,” Finance & Development, Vol. 15, No. 2 (Washington, June 1978), pp. 15–18.
118. “La Segunda Enmienda del Convenio Constitutivo del Fondo Monetario Internacional,” Banco Central de Chile, Boletín Mensual, No. 605 (Santiago, Chile, July 1978), pp. 1 and 117–34. (Translation of items 95–97.)
119. “Some First Effects of the Second Amendment,” Finance & Development, Vol. 15, No. 3 (Washington, September 1978), pp. 24–29.
120. “Trust Funds in International Law: The Contribution of the International Monetary Fund to a Code of Principles,” American Journal of International Law, Vol. 72 (Washington, 1978), pp. 856–66.
121. “The Structure of the Fund,” Finance & Development, Vol. 16, No. 2 (Washington, June 1979), pp. 11–15.
122. “The Fund’s Interim Committee—An Assessment,” Finance & Development, Vol. 16, No. 3 (Washington, September 1979), pp. 32–35.
123. “New Directions in the Financial Activities of the International Monetary Fund,” The International Lawyer, Vol. 13 (Chicago, 111., 1979), pp. 449–70.
124. “Improving the Special Drawing Right,” Agence Economique et Financière (édition spéciale du quotidien Suisse, Zurich, September 28, 1979), pp. 59–61.
125. “Convertible Currency Clauses Under Present International Monetary Arrangements,” Journal of International Law and Economics, Vol. 13, No. 2 (Washington, 1979). French translation published in Revue Critique de Droit International Privé, Vol. 69, No. 1 (Paris, 1980), pp. 1–40.
126. “Symmetry as a Legal Objective of the International Monetary System,” New York University Journal of International Law and Politics, Vol. 12 (New York, 1980), pp. 423–77.
127. “Substitution in the International Monetary System,” Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law, Vol. 12 (Cleveland, Ohio, Spring 1980), pp. 265–326.
128. “El Cambiante papel del Oro en el Derecho Monetario Internacional,” Jurídica, No. 12 (Mexico, 1980), pp. 237–80.
129. “The Origins of Weighted Voting Power in the Fund,” Finance & Development, Vol. 18, No. 1 (Washington, March 1981), pp. 25–28.
130. “Keynes and the Articles of the Fund,” Finance & Development, Vol. 18, No. 3 (Washington, September 1981), pp. 38–42.
131. “Gold in International Monetary Law: Change, Uncertainty, and Ambiguity,” Journal of International Law and Economics, Vol. 15 (Washington, 1981), pp. 323–70.
132. “Transformations of the International Monetary Fund,” Columbia Journal of Transnational Law, Vol. 20 (New York, 1981), pp. 227–41.
133. “Development of the SDR as Reserve Asset, Unit of Account, and Denominator,” George Washington Journal of International Law and Economics, Vol. 16 (Washington, 1981), pp. 1–64.
134. “Professor Verwey, The International Monetary Fund, and Developing Countries,” Indian Journal of International Law, Vol. 21 (New Delhi, 1981), pp. 497–512.
135. “The Relationship Between the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank,” Creighton Law Review, Vol. 15 (Omaha, Nebr., 1981–82), pp. 499–521.
136. “Keynes on Legal Problems of International Organization,” Connecticut Law Review, Vol. 14 (West Hartford, Conn., 1982), pp. 1–21.
137. “Effects of Variable Exchange Rates on Treaties,” Revue Belge de Droit International, 1/81–82 (Brussels, 1982), pp. 172–208.
138. “Algunos Efectos de los Articulos del Convenio Constitutivo del Fondo Monetario Internacional en el Derecho Internacional Privado,” Jurídica, No. 14 (Mexico, 1982), pp. 295–325.
139. “Political Considerations Are Prohibited by Articles of Agreement when the Fund Considers Requests for Use of Resources,” IMF Survey, Vol. 12, No. 10 (Washington, May 23, 1983), pp. 146–48. (Reprinted as The Nonpolitical Character of the International Monetary Fund; also in French and Spanish.)
140. “Strengthening the Soft International Law of Exchange Arrangements,” American Journal of International Law, Vol. 77 (Washington, 1983), pp. 443–89.
141. “Relations Between Banks’ Loan Agreements and IMF Stand-By Arrangements,” International Financial Law Review (London, September 1983), pp. 28–35.
142. “Australia and Article VIII, Section 2(b) of the Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund,” The Australian Law Journal, Vol. 57, No. 10 (Sydney, October 1983), pp. 560–66.
143. “A New Universal and a New Regional Monetary Asset: SDR and ECU,” Österreichische Zeitschrift für Öffentliches Recht und Völkerrecht [Austrian Journal of Public and International Law], Vol. 34 (Vienna, 1983), pp. 117–72.
144. “Some Impressions of the Early Fund,” Finance & Development, Vol. 21, No. 1 (Washington, March 1984), pp. 23–25.
145. “Recent Ruling of the United States Supreme Court Establishes a Conversion Price for the Gold Franc,” IMF Survey, Vol. 13, No. 9 (Washington, May 8, 1984), pp. 141–42.
146. “Legal Models for the International Regulation of Exchange Rates,” Michigan Law Review, Vol. 82, No. 5 & 6 (April–May 1984), pp. 101–22.
147. “Exchange Control: Act of State, Public Policy, the IMF’s Articles of Agreement, and Other Complications,” Houston Journal of International Law.
148. “Exchange Controls and External Indebtedness: Are the Bretton Woods Concepts Still Workable? Introduction,” Houston Journal of International Law.
149. “The Distinction Between ‘Inter-Governmental’ and ‘Inter-State’ Treaties and Organizations: The International Monetary Fund Agreement—A Note on Mr. Obeyesekere’s Note,” Indian Journal of International Law (New Delhi).
150. “Continuidad y Cambio en el Fondo Monetario Internacional,” Jurídica (Mexico).
151. “‘Exchange Contracts,’ Exchange Control, and the IMF Agreement: Some Animadversions on Wilson, Smithett & Cope Ltd. v. Terruzzi,” International and Comparative Law Quarterly (London).
152. “The Growing Role of the IMF’s Stand-By Arrangements,” The Journal of Business Law (London).
153. Charles Henry Alexandrowicz, International Economic Organizations (London, 1952), in Zeitschrift für ausländisches und Internationales Privatrecht, Vol. 20 (Tübingen, 1955), pp. 715–17.
154. Robert Triffin, The World Money Maze: National Currencies in International Payments (New Haven, Conn., 1966), in American Journal of International Law, Vol. 61 (Washington, 1967), pp. 830–33.
155. Jane Welsh, ed., The Regulation of Banks in the Member States of the EEC (The Hague, 2nd ed., 1981), in American Journal of International Law, Vol. 77 (Washington, 1983), pp. 950–51.
156. Abraham M. George and Ian H. Giddy, eds., International Finance Handbook (New York, 1983), and Julian Walmsley, The Foreign Exchange Handbook (New York, 1983), Law and Policy in International Business, Vol. 15 (Washington, 1983), pp. 1071–82.
157. Frederic L. Kirgis, Jr., Prior Consultation in International Law: A Study of State Practice (Charlottesville, Va., 1984), in Virginia Journal of International Law, Vol. 24 (Charlottesville, Va., 1984), pp. 729–53.
158. Regionalism and International Law: The Most-Favored-Nation Clause in a Changing World in Proceedings of the American Society of International Law, Fifty-Fourth Annual Meeting, 1960 (Washington, 1960), pp. 188–94.
159. Preliminary Note on Establishment of a Facility Based on Special Drawing Rights in the International Monetary Fund and Modifications in the Rules and Practices of the Fund: A Report by the Executive Directors to the Board of Governors Proposing Amendment of the Articles of Agreement, in International Legal Materials: Current Documents, Vol. 7 (Washington, 1968), p. 473.
160. Preliminary Note appearing as a preface to the publication of the Fund’s Report by the Executive Directors on the Proposed Second Amendment to the Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund, in International Legal Materials: Current Documents, Vol. 15 (Washington, 1976), pp. 499–500.
161. Letter, “The Liability of Air Carriers for Death and Personal Injury to Passengers,” Australian Law Journal, Vol. 56 (1982), p. 558.
162. Letter, ibid., pp. 676–77.
163. Letter on Borrowing by IMF, Journal of Commerce (January 28, 1983), p. 4A.
164. “The SDR in Treaty Practice: A Checklist,” International Legal Materials: Current Documents, Vol. 22, No. 1 (Washington, 1983), pp. 209–13.
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