Public Sentiment Matters: The Essence of Successful Energy Subsidies and Pension Reforms

Fiscal Monitor, April 2025

Reforms to energy subsidies and pensions are vital for fiscal savings and inclusive growth but face public resistance. This chapter uses novel datasets and real-time sentiment analysis to highlight the importance of design, timing, and communication strategies for reform success, emphasizing governance, trust, and political commitment in challenging macroeconomic environments.

Public Sentiment Matters: The Essence of Successful Energy Subsidies and Pension Reforms

The Rise of the Silver Economy: Global Implications of Population Aging

World Economic Outlook, April 2025

Chapter 2 examines the global implications of population aging, focusing on healthy-aging trends. It highlights policies that improve the human capital of older workers and increase labor force participation to boost growth and rebuild fiscal buffers amid demographic headwinds.

The Rise of the Silver Economy: Global Implications of Population Aging

Geopolitical Risks: Implications for Asset Prices and Financial Stability 

Global Financial Stability Report

Chapter 2 of the April 2025 Global Financial Stability Report shows that major geopolitical risk events, especially military conflicts, can lead to a significant decline in stock prices and increase in sovereign risk premiums, potentially threatening macro-financial stability.

Geopolitical Risks: Implications for Asset Prices and Financial Stability

Navigating Trade-Offs between Price and Financial Stability in Times of High Inflation

Staff Discussion Note

Central banks balancing inflation control and financial stability may use liquidity tools, but constraints can limit effectiveness. In high-stress cases, they should allow gradual disinflation and communicate temporary inflation target deviations. Weak economies may need FX interventions and capital measures.

Navigating Trade-Offs between Price and Financial Stability in Times of High Inflation

The Talent Equation

The economics of talent, an emerging field, highlights that smart policies helping people realize their potential can change the game for entire societies.

Talent is one of the world’s most valuable resources. Countries that identify and nurture the best minds gain a competitive edge. Those that fail to do so don’t just slow their own progress—the world loses out, too. F&D magazine’s March issue examines the role of global talent and human capital through a macroeconomic lens.

The Talent Equation

Inflation and Bank Profits: Monetary Policy Trade-offs

Staff Discussion Note

Central banks worldwide are drawing lessons from the recent inflationary episode to improve their monetary policy frameworks. Assessing how banks performed in past inflationary periods, this Staff Discussion Note sheds light on price-financial stability tradeoffs, by assessing how banks performed in past inflationary periods.

Inflation and Bank Profits: Monetary Policy Trade-offs

Fintech Applications for Boosting Climate Finance

Staff Climate Note

Climate fintech—the intersection of climate change, financial services, and digital technology—can be an important accelerant to transition to a more sustainable economy. This note outlines how fintech can help address financing challenges for climate investments.

Fintech Applications for Boosting Climate Finance

Green Jobs and the Future of Work for Women and Men

The shift to green jobs hinges on climate policies and workers' adaptability. Economies with more STEM-educated workers and gender equality transition faster. Gender wage gaps persist, emphasizing the need for inclusive policies. AI could benefit workers in green jobs.

Green Jobs and the Future of Work for Women and Men

IMF Annual Report 2024: Resilience in the Face of Change

The report showcases IMF's efforts on global challenges, such as safeguarding macroeconomic stability, achieving fiscal sustainability, meeting inflation targets, and embracing transformative developments. It includes financial statements for FY 2024 and background documentation.

IMF Annual Report 2024: Resilience in the Face of Change

Climate Change Challenges and Opportunities in Latin America and the Caribbean

This new book offers a systematic overview of climate change challenges and opportunities for Latin America and the Caribbean and the instruments available at the disposal of the regional policy makers. It offers an analysis of the impact of mitigation policies on growth and labor markets in a large sample of countries and a novel analysis of the adaptation issues in the region, including the impact on the financial sector.

Climate Change Challenges and Opportunities in Latin America and the Caribbean

 

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Essential Reading

October 4, 2023

Fintech and Digital Currencies

Updated Fintech and Digital Currencies Essential Reading Guide - key research on the latest trends in digital currencies, mobile payments, CBDCs and the financial system.

October 4, 2023

Back to Basics

Back to Basics delivers articles and video segments on central economic topics. Updated quarterly, this guide covers more than 60 topics, from interest rates to sovereign debt.