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Working Paper Summaries (WP/94/1 - WP/94/76)
- Working Paper Summaries 94/1: ERM Money Supplies and the Transition to EMU
- Working Paper Summaries 94/2: Long Memory Processes and Chronic Inflation: Detecting Homogeneous Components in a Linear Rational Expectation Model
- Working Paper Summaries 94/3: Money Demand, Bank Credit, and Economic Performance in Former Socialist Economies
- Working Paper Summaries 94/4: The U.S. Public Debt: Implications for Growth
- Working Paper Summaries 94/5: Comparative Advantage, Exchange Rates, and G-7 Sectoral Trade Balance
- Working Paper Summaries 94/6: Measuring the Transition: A User’s View on National Accounts in Russia
- Working Paper Summaries 94/7: Commodity Prices - Cyclical Weakness or Secular Decline
- Working Paper Summaries 94/8: Export Instability and the External Balance in Developing Countries
- Working Paper Summaries 94/9: The Macroeconomic Determinants of Commodity Prices
- Working Paper Summaries 94/10: Shortage Under Free Prices: the Case of Ukraine in 1992
- Working Paper Summaries 94/11: Monetary Policy in Unified Currency Areas - The Cases of the CAMA and ECCA during 1976-90
- Working Paper Summaries 94/12: Real Estate Price Inflation, Monetary Policy, and Expectations in the United States and Japan
- Working Paper Summaries 94/13: The Payments Systems Reforms and Monetary Policy in Emerging Market Economies in Central and Eastern Europe
- Working Paper Summaries 94/15: Endogenous Time Preference and Endogenous Growth
- Working Paper Summaries 94/16: Geography, Trade Patterns, and Economic Policy
- Working Paper Summaries 94/17: Robustness of Equilibrium Exchange Rate Calculations to Alternative Assumptions and Methodologies
- Working Paper Summaries 94/18: Withholding Taxes and the Cost of Public Debt
- Working Paper Summaries 94/19: Real Exchange Rates and the Prices of Nontradable Goods
- Working Paper Summaries 94/20: Realignment Expectations, Forward Rate Bias, and Sterilized Intervention in an Adjustable Peg Exchange Rate Model with Policy Optimization
- Working Paper Summaries 94/21: Exchange Market Pressures and Speculative Capital Flows in Selected European Countries
- Working Paper Summaries 94/22: Targeting the Real Exchange Rate: Theory and Evidence
- Working Paper Summaries 94/23: Economics, Politics, and Ethics of Primary Commodity Development: How Can Poor Countries in Africa Benefit the Most?
- Working Paper Summaries 94/24: Systemic Requirements for Monetary Stability in Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union
- Working Paper Summaries 94/25: The ‘Hard’ SDR: An Exploratory Analysis
- Working Paper Summaries 94/26: An Overview of the Japanese Distribution System: The Case of the Automobile Industry
- Working Paper Summaries 94/27: Core Functional Requirements for Fiscal Management Systems
- Working Paper Summaries 94/28: Changing Patterns in Public Expenditure Management: An Overview
- Working Paper Summaries 94/29: Competitiveness Indicators: A Theoretical and Empirical Assessment
- Working Paper Summaries 94/30: Labor Market Institutions and Flexibility in Italy: A Critical Evaluation and Some International Comparisons
- Working Paper Summaries 94/31: The Use of Financial Spreads as Indicator Variables: Evidence for the U.K. and Germany
- Working Paper Summaries 94/32: Taxation of Petroleum Products: Theory and Empirical Evidence
- Working Paper Summaries 94/33: International Evidence on Tradables and Nontradables Inflation
- Working Paper Summaries 94/34: Financial and Enterprise Restructuring in Emerging Market Economies
- Working Paper Summaries 94/35: Drift in Producer Price Indexes for the Former Soviet Union (FSU) Countries
- Working Paper Summaries 94/36: Economic Determinants of Fund Financial Arrangements
- Working Paper Summaries 94/37: Improving the Management of a Central Bank--A Case Study
- Working Paper Summaries 94/38: Tax Policy Implications in Endogenous Growth Models
- Working Paper Summaries 94/39: Financial Structure, Bank Lending Rates, and the Transmission Mechanism of Monetary Policy
- Working Paper Summaries 94/40: A Framework for the Analysis of Pension and Unemployment Benefit Reform in Poland
- Working Paper Summaries 94/41: The Internationalization of Yen and Key Currency Questions
- Working Paper Summaries 94/42: A Formal Model of Optimum Currency Areas
- Working Paper Summaries 94/43: Interenterprise Arrears in Post-Communist Economies
- Working Paper Summaries 94/44: Information Externalities Affecting the Dynamic Pattern of Foreign Direct Investment: The Case of China
- Working Paper Summaries 94/45: Trade Reforms of Uncertain Duration and Real Uncertainty: A First Approximation
- Working Paper Summaries 94/46: Searching for the Virtues of the European Model
- Working Paper Summaries 94/47: Credit Markets with Differences in Abilities: Education, Distribution, and Growth
- Working Paper Summaries 94/48: Operational Issues Related to the Functioning of Interbank Foreign Exchange Markets in Selected African Countries
- Working Paper Summaries 94/49: Credibility of Policies Versus Credibility of Policymakers
- Working Paper Summaries 94/50: The Trade and Welfare Consequences of U.S. Export - Enhancing Tax Provisions
- Working Paper Summaries 94/51: Refinance Instruments: Lessons from Their Use in Some Industrialized Countries
- Working Paper Summaries 94/52: Pensions, Price Shocks, and Macroeconomic Stability in Transition Economies
- Working Paper Summaries 94/53: Supply Pressure and the Export-Import Performance in the Japan-U.S. Bilateral Trade
- Working Paper Summaries 94/54: Inter-Enterprise Arrears in a Post-Command Economy: Thoughts from a Romanian Perspective
- Working Paper Summaries 94/55: The Arab Maghreb Union
- Working Paper Summaries 94/56: Macroeconomic Adjustment with Segmented Labor Markets
- Working Paper Summaries 94/57: Varieties of Monetary Reforms
- Working Paper Summaries 94/58: Why Is Unemployment in France So High?
- Working Paper Summaries 94/59: Nigeria’s Non-Oil Exports: Determinants of Supply and Demand, 1970-90
- Working Paper Summaries 94/60: Do Long-Run Productivity Differentials Explain Long-Run Real Exchange Rates?
- Working Paper Summaries 94/61: Issues Concerning Nominal Anchors and Monetary Policy
- Working Paper Summaries 94/62: Government Securities Versus Central Bank Securities in Developing Open Market Operations--Evaluation and Need for Coordinating Arrangements
- Working Paper Summaries 94/63: Financial Markets and Inflation Under Imperfect Information
- Working Paper Summaries 94/64: Are the Unemployed Unemployable?
- Working Paper Summaries 94/65: Relative Prices and Economic Adjustment in the U.S. and the EU: A Real Story About European Monetary Union
- Working Paper Summaries 94/66: Exchange Rate Determinants in Russia: 1992-93
- Working Paper Summaries 94/67: Cash Shortage in the Former Soviet Union
- Working Paper Summaries 94/68: Output Decline and Government Expenditures in European Transition Economies
- Working Paper Summaries 94/69: Military Expenditure and Arms Trade: Alternative Data Sources
- Working Paper Summaries 94/70: How Does Learning Affect Inflation After a Shift in the Exchange Rate Regime?
- Working Paper Summaries 94/71: The Path of Output from Plan to Market
- Working Paper Summaries 94/72: Determining the Value of a Financial Unit of Account Based on Composite Currencies: The Case of the Private ECU
- Working Paper Summaries 94/73: The Changing Mix of Disequilibria During Transition: A Romanian Background
- Working Paper Summaries 94/74: Fiscal Federalism in Europe: Is It a Necessary Precondition for a Successful European Economic and Monetary Integration?
- Working Paper Summaries 94/75: The Behavior of Real Interest Rates in Exchange-Rate Based Stabilization Programs
- Working Paper Summaries 94/76: The Main Determinants of Inflation in Nigeria
Article
Working Paper Summaries 94/25: The ‘Hard’ SDR: An Exploratory Analysis
- International Monetary Fund
- Published Date:
- August 1994
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